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We made a quick visit to Iao Valley famous for the Iao Needle, a very hard volcanic rock protruding into the sky.

我们很快参观以针尖山闻名的伊奥山谷。一座非常坚硬的熔岩直冲天际。

The vineyard is located on 35 acres of red volcanic soil in the Victoria's Yarra Valley, idyllically surrounded by cherry and berry orchards.

有35英亩红色火山土的酒庄坐落于维多利亚的雅拉谷，周围神奇般的被樱桃和莓子园环绕。

This flat faulting may be more pervasive than previously thought, with a number of imbricated structures providing a favourable environment at several layers in the volcanic pile and in the surrounding area.

这些平缓断裂比以前想象的分布可能更广一些，平缓断裂中大量的叠瓦构造在火山堆和邻近区域的几个层面为矿物提供了有利成矿环境。

He soils in Terbanggi and Gunung Madu derived from acid volcanic tuff sediments on an old coastal plain and developed under tropical humid conditions (mean annual temperatures: 23-32℃, mean annual precipitation: 2400 - 2600 mm) and Imperata cylindrica vegetation.

erbanggi和Gunung Madu地区的土壤是在热带湿润（年均温度23~32度；年均降雨量2400~2600毫米）、古滨海平原上酸性火山凝灰岩沉积物，植被为白茅的条件下形成的。

Finally, it can be concluded for the first time that there was a large time gap between diagentic process of the volcanic rocks related to the Dapingzhang VHMS deposit and the ore-forming process, then a ore-forming model of the Dapingzhang deposit can be made, that is, the deposit passed through two important stages: the ore-forming metals concentrated during formation of the Early Palaeozoic spilite-quartz keratophyre on the island-arc belt, and the mineralization caused by the Late Palaeozoic magmation.

最后，首次提出与块状硫化物矿床有关的火山岩成岩过程和成矿过程可以有较大的时间间隔。在此基础上建立了大平掌矿床的成矿模式，并认为成矿作用可能经历了两个重要阶段，即早古生代岛弧型细碧岩-石英角斑岩建造形成过程中成矿元素的初始富集和晚古生代岩浆活动最终导致成矿。

Dapingzhang copper-polymetallic deposit hosted in spilite-quartz keratophyre formation is volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposit, which formed during the Late Carboniferous and are contemporary with the intrusion of granodiorite-porphyry.

确定了大平掌铜多金属矿床为赋存于细碧岩-石英角斑岩中的块状硫化物矿床。矿床可能形成于晚石炭世，在时代上与花岗闪长斑岩的侵入相当。

The ore-forming materials were mainly derived from the volcanic rocks, the spilite providing quite more Cu, and the quartz keratophyre providing quite more Pb, while the spilite, keratophyre, and quartz keratophyre possibly providing quite more Au and Zn.

成矿物质主要来源于火山岩，其中细碧岩可能提供较多的Cu，而石英角斑岩可能提供较多的Pb，Zn的来源则相对较广，细碧岩、角斑岩、石英角斑岩均提供较多的Au。

The granitic enclaves in the central-facies porphyroblastic lava are subvolcanic rocks with forming age of 134.2±1.9Ma. There is another intrusion of subvolcanic rhyodacitic porphyry with age of 136.0±2.6Ma, in the contact zone of the two volcanic cycles in the western part of the Xiangshan complex. The U-Pb ages of the sub-quartz-monzonite porphyry and lamprophyre are 129.5±2.0Ma and 125.1±3.1Ma, respectively. This suggests that the extension in the Xiangshan region, began in K〓, was week, and earlier than that in the coastal region of Zhejiang and Fujian provinces. Extension in K〓 in Xiangshan and neighboring regions was much stronger, forming NE striking large red-downfaulted-basins.

相山中心相碎斑熔岩中的花岗质包体属次火山岩，其成岩年龄为134.2±1.9Ma，在相山西部两火山旋回的界面之间，存在另一类次火山岩的侵位，其成岩年龄为136.0±2.6Ma，岩性为次流纹英安斑岩；次石英二长斑岩及煌斑岩的成岩年龄分别为129.5±2.0Ma及125.1±3.1Ma，说明相山地区的伸展、裂解作用明显早于浙、闽沿海，在K〓就开始了，但规模并不是很大；而K〓时期的拉张作用在相山及其邻区表现的更为强烈，形成了大面积的呈北东向展布的红色断陷盆地。

Combined with available data, it is comidered that the sourcerock of biotite--leptynite might be intermediate-acid volcanic material of ca.2.7 Ga, and that of migmatized leptite and quartzite might come from granitic crust older than 3.0 Ga. The iron formation was formed on the continental crust base at about 2.7 Ga, and was immediately metamorphosed for the first time.

结合已有的研究资料可以认为，黑云变粒岩的原岩来自2.7 Ga左右的中酸性火山物质，浅粒岩和石英岩的原岩来自3.0 Ga以上的花岗质地壳物质；含铁建造形成于陆壳基底之上，形成时间约2.7 Ga，并于2.5—2.7 Ga之间发生首次变质作用。

The intense fractionation of REE and the obvious depletion of HREE suggest that these volcanic rocks were derived from garnet lherzolite of the mantle in the continental lithosphere.

稀土元素的强烈分馏以及重稀土元素显著贫化，意味著这些火山岩源自於大陆岩石圈地慢的石榴石二辉橄榄岩。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。