查询词典 volcanic

Petrological and petrochemical characteristics show that there exist such volcanic and subvolcanic rock types as basalt, iddingsite olivine basalt, olivine basaltic trachyandesite, trachybasalt, latite, trachydacite, trachyte, rhyolite, tuff and granite-porphyry in northeast Jiangxi Province. The volcanic rocks can be subdivided into high K calc-alkaline series, shoshonite series and alkaline basalt series.

岩石学及岩石化学特征表明，赣东北地区早白垩世火山岩及次火山岩主要有：玄武岩、伊丁石化橄榄玄武岩、橄榄玄武粗安岩、粗面玄武岩、安粗岩、粗面英安岩、粗面岩、流纹岩、凝灰岩及花岗斑岩等，可划分为高钾钙碱性、橄榄安粗岩和碱性玄武岩3个系列。

The volcanic rocks consist of trachytic basalt, basaltic latite, latite and trachyte. The characteristics of this volcanic sequence are: low TiO2 and silica saturation, high alkalis, high K2O/Na2O value and Fe2O3/FeO value, high and variable Al2O3, enrichment in Rb, Sr, Ba, Zr, U, Th and LREE.

岩石硅近饱和，全碱含量（尤其是K2O）高，K2O／Na2O、Fe2O3／FeO比值大，Al2O3含量高且变化大，TiO2含量低，富集Rb、Sr、Ba、Zr、Th、U和LREE等元素，稀土配分为轻稀土富集型，锶、铅、氧等同位素显示了岩浆的幔源特征。

Deposition can occur when sediments settle onto the surface of the Earth and later lithify into sedimentary rock, or when as volcanic material such as volcanic ash or lava flows, blanket the surface.

当沉积物聚集于地表，接着被岩化为沉积岩时，则可以产生沉淀，或者火山灰或熔岩流等火山物质覆盖地表时也挥发生。

The seismic reflectance signatures of the Carboniferous volcanic rocks in the study area are divided into four types, including lobate/wedge reflection, tabular reflection, arc reflection, and mound/mushroom reflection. Based on previous studies and detailed well-seismic correlation, the lithofacies of volcanic rocks corresponding to different seismic reflectance signatures are recognized.

将该区石炭系火山岩体的地震反射特征划分为以下4种：舌状或楔状反射、板状反射、弧状反射、丘状或蘑菇状地震相反射特征；结合前人的研究成果和详细的井震对比，确定了不同的地震反射特征所对应的火山岩岩相。

Silicalites, predominated by pelitic silicalite, occur in collisional zones and back-arc basins. In the collisional zones, they occur as rock sheet as an important part ofophiolitic mé lange, belonging to ophiolitic mélange type silicalite. In the back-arc or interarc basin, they occur as pelitic silicalite intercalation varying in thickness, characteristic of "silica merl",and belonging to abyssal back-arc basin type or carbonate type silicalite. In the magmatic arc, they occur as intercalation related to volcanic hydrotherm or volcalic exhalation, belonging to volcanic arc type silicalite.

在硅质岩方面：冈底斯构造带侏罗系硅质岩主要属泥质硅质岩，在各个碰撞结合带和弧后盆地中均有产出，主要的产出状态有：①在碰撞结合带中呈岩块产出，构成蛇绿混杂岩的重要组成部分，属蛇绿混杂岩型硅质岩；②在弧后或弧间盆地中呈厚度不等的泥质硅质岩夹层产出，常具&硅灰泥&特征，属弧后深水盆地型硅质岩；③呈夹层状产于弧火山岩系中，属火山热液或火山喷气型硅质岩。

Taking the volcanic-intrusive complex in the Yanbei porphyry tin oredistrict as an example and based on the covariance plots of Ce,Nd,Sm,Eu,Yb in six different elemont-element,ratio-ratio coordinates,the authors havereestablished the petrogenic mechanism of the volcanic-intrusive complex inthis district.

以岩背斑岩锡矿区火山侵入杂岩为例，根据稀土元素Ce，Nd，Eu，Yb等5种元素6种不同式样协变关系（元素－元素，比值－比值）的判别，重建了本区火山侵入杂岩成岩机制。

This paper discusses the merits and shortcomings of the estimation methods previously used for the degree and mass of magma degassing in the volcanic eruption. On the basis of these methods, the authors propose a new petrological method for the estimation performed at various stages in the process of volcanism, and illustrate the detailed steps as exemplified by the Jingpohu Holocene volcanic eruption.

本文对前人使用的火山喷发过程中岩浆脱气率和脱气量的估算方法进行了评述，并介绍了如何利用岩石学方法估算火山喷发不同阶段岩浆脱气率和脱气量的具体步骤，同时以镜泊湖地区全新世火山为例说明利用该方法估算的具体过程。

This paper studies the correlation between the maximum height s of the Plinian volcanic eruption columns and mass flux of the volcanic eruptions according to measurement data acquired from active volcanoes around the world.

Plinian式火山喷发柱最大高度是研究火山喷发对环境、气候影响时空范围的重要物理学参数，在分析了影响Plinian式火山喷发柱最大高度诸因素的基础上认为，火山喷发的质量通量是反映火山喷发柱最大高度最有效并且在实际中可以进行测量的参数之一，以此为基础，利用目前实测的火山喷发柱最大高度的数值与火山喷发质量通量的结果，建立两者的相关方程为：H＝0。

During these events, the potassic volcanic rocks of Oulituozi were produced during extension stage of the rift with subsequent fractional crystallization and derived from basaltic magma. The genesis of the volcanic rocks possibly had a close relation with partial melting of the subducted slab of Pacific Plate oceanic crust.

欧利坨子富钾质火山岩的形成是裂谷期岩石圈伸展作用的产物，是玄武质岩浆经过大比例分离结晶作用的产物，可能与晚中生代太平洋板块俯冲残片的部分熔融有密切关系。

On the basis of an integrated analysis of the geochemical features of these volcanic rock associations,this paper concludes that thebasalts originated mainly from interaction between mantle-derived magma and low-crustal materials, and rhyolitic volcanic rocks resulted from thermal and chemical interaction between basaltic magma and the upper part of crustal materials.Basalts and rhyolites in different cycles have different source regions,and they are products of multiperiodic pulsive layer partial melting.

根据对火山岩地球化学特征的综合分析表明，玄武岩主要为幔源岩浆与下部地壳岩石相互作用的产物，而流纹岩则为玄武岩浆与上部地壳物质进行热及成分交换的结果，不同旋回的玄武岩和流纹岩有不同的源区，为多次脉动分层部分熔融的产物。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。