查询词典 vehicle length

Based on mechanism and vehicle theories theoretical analysis is pursued and normal driving conditions are put forward. The relations are analyzed between load distribution and power consumption. Mechanical formula is proposed. Furthermore in this paper the theoretical model of the total power consumption is established, and the relations of the total minimized power consumption with the air-cushion pressure and the fan revolution are discussed. The optimum operation point is put forward. The dynamic digital simulation studies are carried out on the operating procedure of the half-track air-cushion vehicle on soft terrain. Mechanical parameters and soil mechanics characteristics affecting vehicle power consumption and riding performance are analyzed. At the same time according to the model formula, the automation control problem is discussed. It is a theoretical instruction for further automation control.

本文还从力学和车辆原理的角度进行了理论分析，推导了半履带式气垫车的需求功率及正常行驶条件，研究了气垫压力和功率消耗之间的关系，提出了力学模型公式；建立了半履带式气垫车总功率消耗的理论模型，研究了最小功率消耗时功率与垫压及表征气垫车行驶状态的各参数的关系，分析了相应的影响因素，并提出了最佳工作状态的定义；同时进行了半履带式气垫车在软地面的行驶过程的动态数字仿真试验研究工作，对影响车辆功率消耗和行驶平顺性的各力学参数和土壤参数进行了分析，得到了各运行状态参数的变化规律，验证了最佳工作状态和最佳垫压的理论，根据力学模型公式对进一步的自动控制问题进行了探讨，为系统的控制提供了理论指导。

So in this paper based on the characteristics and the optimum state theory of the vehicle, some kinds of control schemes are compared and discussed, and the fuzzy PID control scheme is adopted at last. The relation between air-cushion pressure and fan rotational speed on the optimum driving state is studied. The cushion pressure is used as controlled variable and the fan revolution is used as regulated variable. And transducer and fan motor are actuators.Based on the structure and operating properties of half-tracked air-cushion vehicle, the control system scheme and structure are presented. A control scheme using the self-tuning PID fuzzy logical controller is adopted. Fuzzy rules are set up and some researches have been done for fuzzy tuning method. At the same time the real-time measurement scheme by computer control is proposed, and electric circuits are designed. In the control system of half-tracked air-cushion vehicle cushion pressure P〓 is used as controlled variable and the fan speed n〓 as regulated variable.

因此本文以半履带式气垫车的特性和最佳工作状态理论为指导，通过对各种控制方法的比较与探讨，提出采用模糊PID控制方案，并且研究了在最佳工作状态下垫压及风机转速的关系，提出气垫压力作为控制参数，变频器和风机电机为执行机构，风机转速为调节量；主要进行了自整定模糊PID控制器的设计，研究了自整定PID模糊控制器的实现方法，编制了模糊控制规则，制定了模糊控制参数查询表，并分析了影响自整定模糊控制器相关的影响因素，确定了模糊控制表；为了实现半履带式气垫车的自动控制，还提出了计算机模糊控制系统的原理与结构，设计了相应的测量电路与控制软件。

The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

As far as entrance automobile be concerned, our country entrance automobile marketplace runs health this year , entrance automobile control of the aggregates is comparatively more moderate than entering port strictly, entrance vehicle composes limited competition only to domestic vehicle , various estate damages an exponent without exception in green light area; Change whose entire vehicle of entrance strategy , accelerate investment and "local carrying out a substantiality in Chinese giving birth to a child " under forcing transnational enterprise or the company to benefit good guidance in the marketplace at the same time.

就进口汽车而言，今年我国进口汽车市场运行健康，进口汽车总量控制较严，进口比较适度，进口车只对国产车构成有限竞争，各项产业损害指数均在绿灯区；同时迫使跨国企业或公司在市场利好的诱导下，改变其进口整车的战略，加快在中国进行实质性的投资和"当地生产"。2003年，有关部门将延续相关政策，我国进口汽车市场总体上将继续呈现"总量快速增长、价格稳中下降"的局面。

It includes barbette electron parts, bodywork electron parts, vehicle and gun of aim tool, ballistic trajectory computer, orientation navigation systems, vehicle information systems, vehicle integration display, transmitter-receiver, automatic shot flexible, initiative recovery and confront system, many complicated simulation and number electron equipment. In this paper it adopts Ethernet as fieldbus.

论文中涉及到的坦克及装甲车辆武器系统是个复杂的武器系统，包括了炮塔电子部件、车体电子部件、车长和炮长的瞄具、弹道计算机、定位导航系统、车际信息系统、车长综合显示器、电台、自动装弹机以及主动防御与对抗系统在内的大大小小的复杂的模拟或数字电子设备。

The auto bill of sale form should contain: name and address of the buyer; name, address and signature of the seller; complete vehicle description, including the Vehicle Identification Number; description of trade-in, if any; purchase price of the vehicle.

汽车草案的销售形式应包含：姓名或名称及地址，买方；姓名，地址和签名的卖方；完成车辆的描述，包括车辆识别号码；描述的贸易中，如果有的话；买价该车辆。

During making the model, the paper mainly consider such factors as model of vehicle, capacity tonnage, cubic content, directions, cartage, cargo tonnage, time and so on. Finally outlining four factors as use factor of vehicle, credit degree of the host of vehicle, cartage, empty transport rate, make a hierarchy structure chart.

建模过程中，本文主要考虑了车的类型、载重、方向、运价、时间等约束，最后总结为车辆的利用率、车主的信誉度、运费、空驶率等四个因素，建立了多车型配载的层次结构图。

Finally it analyzes the feasibility that using hydromechanics to analyze traffic flow by contrasting various characters between traffic flow and fluid flow. It analyzes influence of road alignment to basic expressway segment capacity by hydromechanics, and obtains viscous resistance and viscous movement differential equation when the vehicle drives on circular curve segment of expressway. And it infers that viscous resistance is correlated with sideway force coefficient, slope of crown and radius of circular curve. Radius of circular curve, sideway force coefficient and slope of crown are bigger, viscous resistance is smaller, the influence to capacity is smaller when the vehicle is running on nearside lane of circular curve; but radius of circular curve and sideway force coefficient are bigger, slope of crown is smaller, viscous resistance is smaller, the influence to capacity is smaller when the vehicle is running on fast lane of circular curve.

最后通过对比交通流与流体流的相似性，运用流体力学分析了道路线形对快速路基本路段通行能力的影响，求出了车辆在曲线路段的粘性阻力，建立了车辆在曲线路段的粘性运动微分方程，并由此推知，粘性阻力与横向力系数、路拱横坡度和圆曲线半径都有关系，当车辆在圆曲线外侧车道上行驶时，圆曲线半径、横向力系数和路拱横坡度越大，粘性阻力就越小，对道路的通行能力影响就越小；而当车辆在圆曲线内侧车道上行驶时，圆曲线半径和横向力系数越大，路拱横坡度越小，粘性阻力就越小，对道路的通行能力影响就越小。

The software system includes algorithms for movement detection of daytime and nighttime, vehicle flow statistic and classification, traffic lamp control with transportation theory, taking image for vehicle violating and vehicle card segmentation.

软件系统主要包括白天车辆检测算法、夜间车辆检测算法、车辆统计及车型分类算法、结合交通流理论的红绿灯控制算法、闯红灯数字记录算法以及车牌定位分割算法。

Oil some orders are to pay attention to driving the behavior to dawdle that the result of study reveals the limousine driver: Open the car light, driving a vehicle steadily of more than 100 kilometres per hour, driving a vehicle steadily of 50 to 70 kilometers of speeds per hour, it make air conditioning, engine last number of times, take number of people, speeds idle, wet, cloudy day, 70 to 90 kilometer is the urgent to drive a vehicle, pass through go up a slope by highway section,etc.

研究结果显示小客车驾驶者注意驾驶行为耗油部份顺序为：开车灯、时速一百公里以上的平稳行车、时速五十到七十公里的平稳行车、开冷气、引擎启动次数、乘载人数、怠速、行经地面潮湿路段、阴天、时速七十到九十公里的急加速行车、行经上坡路段等。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？