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In this study, what had been used inculding CBF1 and CBF3 of CBF family, its downstream COR15a gene , regulating element CRT/DRE in promoter of COR15a gene, Cloning CBF1 and CBF3 from Arabidopsis thaliana, and Cloning ApCOR15a gene from Arabis pumila of xinjiang. On the basis of plasmid pBI121,being used CaMV35S promoter and SAR iductivity promoter synthesized by PCR, six plant expression vectors had been constructed: pCB111, pCB111-1, pCB112,pCB112-1,pCB113, pCB113-1, and then transformed to Agrobacterium GV3101 by electics.

本研究选用了CaMV35S组成型启动子和人工合成的由水杨酸诱导的启动子SAR、拟南芥CBFs家族中的CBF1和CBF3、新疆小拟南芥COR15a基因及其CRT/DRE顺式作用元件构建了不同组合的六个植物表达载体：pCB111、pCB111-1、pCB112、pCB112-1、pCB113和pCB113-1，并采用农杆菌介导的叶盘转化法转化烟草，获得了大量的抗性植株。

In the second chapter, elementary theories and ideas of one step forming inverse approach were described and warped modification method, implemented by Cook, was introduced into one step forming simulation and based on idea of surface spreading; new quadrilateral element modification arithmetic was put forward. By spreading warped quadrilateral onto plane in local coordinate system, a plane quadrilateral element whose shape and area were equal to original warped quadrilateral element was gotten and internal force vectors of four nodes and stiffness matrix of elements were improved to increase precision of simulations on this plane element.

第二章从一步成形逆有限元法的基本理论和思想出发，将Cook基于弹性理论的四边形单元的翘曲修正算法引入基于塑性的一步成形，并且基于曲面展开的思想，本文提出一种新的四节点单元翘曲修正方案，通过把翘曲的单元展开的方法在局部参考系中得到一个与实际翘曲单元的形状与面积非常接近的平面单元，在该平面单元中进行单元刚度及内力向量的计算，进一步改善模拟结果的精度。

A vector is an array of scalars,a matrix is an array of vectors.

作者一直在以向量的知识来推广到矩阵的知识。

Many new and reemerging diseases are transmitted by arthropod vectors.

许多新发和再发疾病是由节肢动物传播的。

Increased long-distance air travel facilitates the movement of infected persons and exotic arthropod vectors around the world.

距离延长的空中旅行对于感染者与外来的节肢动物媒介在全世界的移动创造有利条件。

First,the distance ratio between within-class and between-class of each column of mixing matrix is computed by using a distance measurement.Then,for each class,the mixing matrix and independent components are re aligned by sort ascending according to the distance rate,and the columns of the weight matrix with smaller distance ratio and the corresponding features are reserved.Finally,the best feature set is selected by genetic algorithm from these foregoing feature vectors.

首先，使用一种距离度量来计算混合矩阵每一类的类内类间距离比；然后对每一类按该比值由小到大重新排列混合矩阵和独立分量，保留权重矩阵中类间类内距离比大的列，及其对应的特征向量；最后对这些特征向量使用遗传算法选择最优特征组。

7 Matrix Exponentials and Linear Systems The solution vectors of a homogeneous linear system Can be used to construct a matrix = that satisfies the matrix differential equation associated with Eq.

5.7 指数矩阵和线性系统借助等式（1），齐次线性系统的解向量可以被用来构造一个满足矩阵微分方程的矩阵。

Moreover, by augmenting state vectors, the sufficient and necessary condition of mean square stability is obtained.

此外，通过增广状态向量利用系统的Markov切换特性得到了系统均方稳定的充分必要条件。

The AR spectrum is not restricted by length of data, and AR spectrum parameters are sensitive for law of condition change. Autoregressive transformation is made to vibration signals, and then AR spectrum coefficients are got which can be utilized as feature vectors. Fault diagnosis method for centrifugal pump Based on AR and 2D-HMM is produced in this paper. The topology of this model and its parameters were introduced too.

利用AR谱不受数据长度的限制，AR模型参数对状态变化规律反映敏感的特点，以振动信号做自回归变换后的AR谱系数作为特征向量，将基于AR的2D-HMM引入到离心泵故障诊断中，提出了一种基于AR的2D-HMM故障诊断方法，并论述了该模型的拓扑结构和主要参数以及相应的训练和识别算法。

Is currently used plasmid vectors for cell , bacteriophage and viruses.

目前常用载体为细胞质粒、噬菌体和病毒等。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。