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The exact form of exterior boundary value problems for plane potential problem is established with variational principle.

使用变分法确立平面 Laplace外问题的确切形式；在此基础上，为了避免使用无限区域上的 Green公式，通过构造紧支集上的无穷可微函数，获得满足非齐次控制微分方程的特解的重要结果。

Finaly, in the case of the nonlinearities being singular at 0, by utilizing the mountain-pass theorem and some other variational methods, we get the existence of nontrivial solutions of the equations under the Dirichlet boundary condition, where the operator diva(x,u is the p-Laplacian.

最后，我们通过应用山路引理等变分方法，研究当算子diva(x，▽u为p-Laplacian并且非线性项在原点有奇异性时，方程在Dirichlet边值条件下非平凡解的存在性。

This research method is independent of Green"s function and variational structure. So it can tackle with the BVP for non self-adjoint and self-adjoint difference equations and overcome the difficulties brought about by the establishment of Green"s function, a study of the sign and the estimate of below and above bounded for Greens function.

本章的研究方法既不依赖于Green函数又不依赖于变分结构，因而能解决非自共轭的差分方程边值问题，且克服了Green函数的建立、其符号的判断及其上下界的估计给研究带来的困难，该方法同样适用于研究自共轭的差分方程边值问题。

This paper gives a smooth variational principle of lower semicontinuous functions which are bounded below on each bounded set.

本文给出了在每个有界子集上有下界的下半连续广义实值函数的一个光滑变分原理。

This method is based on the work of reference [1]. By using the Riesz present theory in Hilbert space, we first transform the iterative procedure of variational inequalities into a fixed point form. Then, using the Schauder fixed point theory, we construct a numerical verification method with high efficiency that through numerical computation generates a bounded, closed, convex set in which the approximate solution is included.

通过Hilbert空间中的Riesz表示定理，首先将变分不等式问题的迭代过程转化为一种不动点形式，再利用Schauder不动点定理构造了一个高效率的数值证明过程，即通过数值计算产生一个包含近似解的有界闭凸子集。

The cartoon component of an image is modeled by a bounded variation function;the corresponding incorporation of BV penalty terms in the variational functional leads to solve PDE equations.

图像的卡通部分是由一个有界变差函数来刻画，相应的将BV罚项合并到变分泛函中需要解偏微分方程。

The brachistochrone of an electric ball in the electromechanical coupling field was investigated according to variational method,and the corresponding governing equation(Euler-Lagrange equation) was derived.

通过变分原理的方法研究力电耦合场中带电小球的最速降线问题，导出其轨迹控制方程，即Euler-Lagrange方程。

However,authors still do not find the relevant references on convergence and symmetric problems of the semi-analytical solution.Based on the semi-analytical solution for Hamilton canonical equation theory,the formulations of the clamp and simply supported and symmetric boundary conditions on the Hamiltonian element are derived by the variational principle.Several numerical examples show that with increase of meshes,the convergence rate of the semi-analytical solution is faster than the convergent rate of traditional finite element method based on displacement.

①在厚度上没有任何位移和应力模式的假设，由于传递矩阵方法的引入，从理论上讲，不受板壳厚度或层合板壳层数的限制；②采用弹性力学的Hamilton正则方程半解析法，可以克服边界的局部化效应[8]；③由于在平面内或圆柱壳的曲面内采用了有限元法，所以一般的板壳问题不受结构侧面边界条件的限制，在复杂工程板壳问题上具有广泛的应用领域。

Firstly, the modified H-R variational principle for elastic material was briefly presented, then the quadratic interpolation functions were used to express the out-plane stresses and displacements variables, consequently the formulation of 8-node isoparametric element for Hamilton canonical equation was derived in detail.

首先简要地介绍了弹性材料修正后的H-R变分原理，然后用二次插值函数表示平面外应力和位移变量，并详细地推导了Hamilton正则方程的八节点等参元列式。

In this chapter, under the penalty functional satisfies the local Lipschitz condition, by using the Ekeland's variational principle and the properties of finite codimension, the Pontryagin's maximum principle of corresponding optimal control problem whose control variable is the harvesting rate and the input rate respectively is obtained.

本章在性能指标泛函满足局部Lipschitz条件下，利用Ekeland变分原理和有限余维的性质，证明了控制变量分别为收获率和输入率的相应控制问题的Pontryagin极大值原理。

In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.

在使用帆船的时代，船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。

As long as foreign donors pay the PA's salary bill, few expect a new intifada.

只要外国继续为巴权力机构的薪水买单，希望发动新暴动的人便寥寥无几。