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Driver system for the stability of nonlinear and non-use of the theory of linear quadratic control law studies, select the ball location, speed and rod angle, angular velocity of the four variables as state variables, output variables for the ball position and bar angle, the establishment of linear state space equation and after the designs of clubs based on LQR control law, the design process simple and easy to realize the control law, simulation results show that the linear quadratic regulator robustness and stability.

球杆系统翻译，求高人针对球杆系统的非线性和不稳定性运用最优二次型理论进行控制律的研究，选取小球位置、速度和横杆角度、角速度四个变量为状态变量，输出变量为小球的位置和横杆的角度，建立状态空间方程并进行线性化后设计了基于LQR的球杆系统控制律，设计过程简单，控制律的实现容易，仿真结果表明了最优二次型调节器的鲁棒性和稳定性。

Firstly, single factor analysis, including Independent-sample T Test for scale variables, Chi-square Test for binomial and nominal variables, Nonparametric Test for ordinal variables, was used in 60 clinical variables.

先将所调查的60个临床指标进行单因素分析，连续型变量采用独立样本t检验(Independent-Sample t Test)，二分类变量和无序变量采用卡方检验(Chi-squareTest)，有序变量采用非参数检验(Nonparametric Test，NPar)。

To reduce the sensitivity of conjugate initial values, the initial values of control variables are used to replace the initial values of conjugate variables based on the transformation between conjugation variables and control variables.

为了降低共轭变量初值选取的敏感性，引入共轭变量与控制变量之间的变换，用控制变量初值代替了共轭变量初值。

The identity and difference in the expressional patterns between distribution functions of discrete random variables and distribution functions of continuous random variables are elaborated,and the main expressional patterns of distribution functions of continuous random variables are summarized,and the derivability of distribution functions of continuous random variables is discussed.

0引言在概率论中，连续型随机变量分布函数的表达形式及其可导性是一难点。其一，离散型随机变量的分布函数有较明显的性质和统一的表达形式，而连续型随机变量，由于其概率密度函数一般为分段函数，根据其分段区间的差异，表达形式差异较大，不容易总结其规律，本文主要比较连续型随机

This thesis intends to explore fundamental causes for risks related to financing activities of our state-owned commercial banks and draw relevant proposals to tackle these causes by undertaking thorough investigations into internal and external variables related to financing activities of the banksThis thesis firstly investigate four external variables affecting financing activities, including enterprises, government, central bank and social creditability before proceeding to make an enquiry into internal variables and make proposals to deal with these external and internal variables that cause risks related to financing activities.

本文旨在通过对国有商业银行贷款风险的研究，对我国国有商业银行信贷风险从银行内、外部因素这两大角度作了深入的分析，探究我国国有商业银行信贷风险产生的根本原因，并提出相应的对策。文章从企业、政府、中央银行、社会信用等四个方面对信贷风险产生的外部因素进行了探究，而后通过对信贷风险产生的内部因素的分析，为银行信贷风险管理指明了方向。

Meanwhile, this paper makes a rewarding attempt to analyze three dimensional Biots consolidation of saturated multi-layered soils in an uncouple state variables, namely, translating one set of state variables of 8 order into a simpler form including two sets of state variables of 6 order and 2 order, respectively, by introducing intermediate variables.

其次，本文还对横观各向同性层状饱和地基三维空间Biot固结问题的解法做了一些有益的尝试，即通过引入中间变量，将由原来8个耦合状态量表述三维空间Biot固结问题解耦为一组由6个耦合状态量和一组由2个耦合状态量表述的该问题相对比较简单的形式。

Based on the theory of offset aberration, the relationship between decenter variables and tilt variables is obtained by compensating the primary aberration caused by both the decenter variables and the tilt variables.

从失调像差理论出发，通过平衡偏心变量和倾斜变量产生的初级像差，得到偏心变量和倾斜变量间的补偿关系。

The results from statistic data analysis using the statistic software SPSS15.0 for descriptive statistics, chi-square evaluation, laddered logistic regression, factors analysis, credibility analysis, variables analysis, and multiple comparison are as follows: I. An analysis of the prominently related variables with whether or not to receive cervical smear screen of tendency factors, enabling factors and needs factors by using the logistic regression model was performed.: 6 variables of tendency factors with predictive value as to whether a woman receive cervical smear screen or not include age, marital status, educational level, family structure, religion, and the knowledge of free smear examination offered by mandatory citizen health insurance; 4 variables with enabling factors with predictive value include average monthly income, district, whether receiving telephone or letter notices in the past year, and the degree of convenience of the examination location. One variable of needs factors with predictive value: is the suitability of the examination time notified. The accuracy rate of laddered logistic regression model built by this research was 74.1%.

利用统计软体SPSS15.0进行描述性统计、卡方检定、阶层式逻辑斯回归、因素分析、信度分析、变异数分析、多重比较等统计方法分析，根据统计资料分析结果：经卡方检定后，将倾向、能用、需要因素中具有显著相关变项与是否接受抹片检查，放入逻辑斯回归预测模型中，本研究结果发现：倾向因素中的六个变项：年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度、家庭结构、宗教信仰、是否知道健保提供免费抹片检查对受检与否具有预测力；能用因素中的四个变项：平均月收入、地区别、过去一年内是否接到电话或信函通知、收到通知的受检地点是否方便对受检与否具有预测力；需要因素中的一个变项：收到通知的受检时间是否合适对受检与否具有预测力；本研究所建立的阶层逻辑斯回归模型的整体预测正确率为74.1﹪。

There exits several MDO algorithms. But they are in our opinion either nonefficient or complicated. So we devised an algorithm called Subspace Approximation Optimization . In the SAO algorithm, the whole system is decomposed into one system-level optimization and several disciplinary optimizations so that a large and complicated problem can be divided into several easy-solving sub-problems. The coupling relationships and the coordination among disciplines are presented by equality constraints and these equality constraints are assigned to relevant disciplines. The optimums of design variables in system level optimization are transferred to discipline level optimization. The optimums of design variables in discipline level correspond to the point that is the nearest to the optimums of design variables in system level. If the optimums of design variables in system level are out of feasible region of discipline 1eve1, linear constraints can be built in the system level optimization using the design variable optimums obtained by the discipline level optimization. The system level optimization would improve the design of the whole system with these linear constraints.

目前，国内外已经发展出了多种飞机多学科设计优化算法，本文的重点是针对协同优化算法的不足，提出了子空间近似优化算法(Subspace ApproximatingOptimization，SAO)，SAO算法中，整个系统的优化问题被分解成一个系统级优化和若干学科级优化，而各个学科之间的耦合与权衡关系则被当作等式约束，这些等式约束将被分配到各个学科级优化中去，系统级优化的任务是寻找整个系统的最优解，而学科级优化的目标函数是以系统级优化分配下来的设计点为圆心的超球半径的平方，因此，如果系统级优化分配下来的设计点在学科级优化可行域内，则学科级优化目标函数为0，反之，则学科级优化的最优点是系统级优化当前设计点距离可行域最近的点。

The tree diameter at breast height and crown length can be used to predict the size and location of mean knot diameter in a whorl.A linear mixed model expressed as function of tree and knot variables such as HK、RKD、KD and DBH was used to predict sound knot length,and a log-linear mixed model using RKD and DBH as variables was used to describe loose knot length.4.A knot has four development phases:from the birth of a branch to its growth cessation,from growth cessation to death,form death to occlusion and form birth to occlusion.The numbers of annual rings in four periods,as well as the stem width of respective zones were used as dependent variables predicted by models expressed as function of tree variables and knot attributes.5.Using the data of diameter out side bark of 15 relative heights along the step,the best taper equation for Larix olgensis was established.

节子平均直径可以用以胸径，冠幅和节子高度为参数的舒马克生长方程来预测，用树木胸径和冠长可对每轮节子平均直径的最大值及位置进行预测；健全节长度可用以节子着生高度、相对直径、节子直径以及树木胸径为参数的线性混合模型来预测，疏松节长度采用节子相对直径和胸径为自变量的可转化为线性模型的自然对数模型来预测；4、节子有四个生长发育时期：从枝条形成到生长停止BC从生长停止到死亡(CD从死亡到包藏DO从形成到包藏

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。