查询词典 value distribution

This paper leads into the multinomial distribution concept and discusses the content in the following four aspects in details: First, defining the random vector is NA's, drawing out the nature of NA's for the multinomial distribution and proving the multinomial distribution is NA's; Then, introducing the way to own maximum values by three distributions, giving the method to gain the maximum value from general multinomial distribution, which is named the method of elimination.

本文引入了多项分布概念，同时详细讨论了以下四个方面的内容：1。定义了随机向量是NA的，并由此引出多项分布的NA性，并且证明了多项分布是NA的；2。介绍了三项分布最大值的求法，在此基础上给出了一般多项分布最大值的求法，即淘汰法。

We use the approximate distribution comes from probability generating function of CreditRisk+ to value the CDO under the single sector factor and multi-sector factors scenarios. For single sector factor model, we discuss the sensitive analysis of CDO fair spread by different default probability, default correlation and loss given default. For multi-sector factors model, we exam the CDO fair spread based on different sector correlation assumption, such as Gamma distribution in moment match method, multivariate Gamma distribution and compound Gamma distribution.

本文在信用风险加成模型之下，利用机率产生函数的近似分配评价抵押债务债券，并考虑单一部门因子与多个部门因子，单一部门因子中，在不同违约机率、违约相关系数和违约损失率下，探讨抵押债务债券公平价差之敏感度分析；多个部门因子中，在不同相关性部门因子分配假设下，如动差配适法的伽玛分配、多维伽玛分配、复合伽玛分配，探讨抵押债务债券公平价差之方法结果比较。

Through designing of composition and structure of the bioactive graded coating,innerstress and its distribution in the coating were analyzed and calculated, the resultsshowed that when composition distribution coefficient n was 1.5, a reasonable stressdistribution could be got, that was at the beginning of deposition the suspension containingrichly BG granules was used so that a rich BG granules layer, a good transitional layerbetween BG layer at the bottom and the coating could be obtained at the titanium alloy side,the bottom of the coating; the stress value near the interface and surface and its character,pressure stress or tensile stress, were decided by the character of its composition itself.Changing composition distribution coefficient n could only change the variation tendency ofstress in the coating, but did not change the stress distribution rule in the coating. Thethinner the coating is, the sharper stress variation in the coating is, which does not mean thatthicker coating is better because the thicker the coating is, the little the permitteddeformation of coating is, so the coating thickness should be thinner, for example, about50μm for bending applications, but for applications only bearing pure shear stress, such asroot of tooth implant, the coating can be thicker little, for instance, about 80～100μm. The study on electrification characteristic and electrophoresis deposition of HAand BG granules in aqueous and non-aqueous solution system found that EPD almost didn'toccur in aqueous solution system. However, because HA granules take position charges inabsolute alcohol, a homogeneous EPD be carried out on the cathode titanium alloy slice, but taking negative charge in absolute alcohol the BG granules not be deposited on the cathode. A guided HA crystallizing, 100～300nm, on surface of the BG granules be realized by metathetical reaction, which cover BG granules with HA microcrystals and make the covered BG granules taking position charges in absolute alcohol, sequentially realize the EPCD of the BG and HA granules on the cathode, so it is feasible to make a titanium alloy/BG/HA bioactive graded coating by making use of EPCD technology. The corrosion experiment of rich boron bioglass coating and plasma spray coating showed that split phase, rich boron and rich silicon phase, occurred during its preparation. In basic medium the corrosion behavior of 〓 BG coating showed uniformity corrosion, the corrosion mostly occurred at rich boron phase area, therefore batch formula design of BGshould avoid the occurring of split phase. The corrosion appearance of plasma spray coatingappeared a non-uniform corrosion, mostly occurred at the edge of the laminated HA moltendrops, and emerged an accelerated corrosion tendency, which will easyly lead to corrosioncrackles extending to the interface and the happening of osmotic interfacial corrosion, thatmay be one of the major reasons leading to the coating cracking-off in the later period. Thetesting results of thermal expansion coefficient of 〓 and 〓BG showed the thermalexpansion coefficient of 〓 BG matched with that of titanium alloy better, and 〓 BG couldsinter with titanium alloy into densification enamel layer at low temperature (720℃).

将Ti6Al4V合金在1000℃下进行真空热处理会降低其力学性能，且合金内的V元素会向表面富集，因此，钛合金真空热处理和表面涂层的烧结温度不能过高，即应低于其相转变点；通过对生物活性梯度涂层的组成和结构的设计，分析和计算了梯度涂层内的应力大小和分布，结果表明：对于本研究，当成分分布系数n=1.5时，可以获得较合理的涂层力学性能，即在沉积开始时，采用富含BG颗粒的悬浮液，以便在钛合金侧获得同底层BG有良好过渡的富BG涂层；梯度涂层界面和表面的应力大小、性质由材料组成本身的性质决定，改变成分分布系数，只能改变涂层内应力变化的趋势；涂层的厚薄不影响涂层内的应力分布规律，但涂层越薄，涂层内的应力变化越快，但这并不意味着涂层越厚越好，因为涂层越厚，涂层允许的变形越小，对于应用于弯曲受力部位的涂层而言，涂层应薄一点为好(50μm)；而对于仅纯受剪切应力的部位，如牙根种植体，涂层可适当加厚(80～100μm)；通过对HA和BG颗粒在水溶液体系和非水溶液体系中的带电特性和电泳沉积的研究发现，它们在水溶液体系中很难发生电沉积；在无水乙醇溶液中，HA颗粒带正电，可在阴极钛合金片上发生均匀的电泳沉积，而BG颗粒则带负电荷；利用复分解反应法，可以制得100～300nm的HA，通过诱导HA在BG颗粒表面结晶，可对BG颗粒进行表面包覆，获得了被HA包覆的BG颗粒，改变了BG颗粒表面的带电特性，使BG和HA颗粒在无水乙醇中均带上正电荷，从而实现了HA和BG颗粒在阴极上的共沉积。

The stress distribution of the semi-circular breakwaters with holes by different quantitative ice value to water level, especially the stress distribution of holes is analyzed. The effect of the stress distribution to the holes and the wall thickness are discussed. At last, the result is compared to the stress distribution by wave

应用ANSYS程序计算了不同水位不同量级冰力作用下开孔半圆型防波堤的应力分布，尤其分析了孔洞周围的应力分布；并且讨论了开孔和壁厚对于应力分布的影响；最后将分析结果与波浪力作用下的应力分布进行了比较。

Among them the influence factor of the stock is mainly: Fund manager select stocks ability, investment style and ability to deal with the accident, national macroeconomy situation factor, the market value of stock usually have the direct influence to the fund net value; To bond part in the net value of the fund, interest rate and the investment ability of fund manager concerns the value level of this part of assets directly, because the securities regulator of our country has made the regulation to the proportion of the fund investment bond besides this, so, this proportion will restrict fund managers investment on the bond either, thus exercise an influence on some value of bond ; Besides stock and two bond, to another important component in the net value composition --The cash, we will all sum up its factor of exerting an influence for the mobile risk factor, namely the risk as a reasult of the exility of cash.

其中股票方面的影响因素主要是：基金经理的选股能力、投资风格和选时能力以及大盘走势与突发事件、国家宏观经济形势因素，股票市值通常受到这些因素的直接影响；对于基金净值中的债券部分来说，利率和基金经理的投资能力直接关系到这部分资产的价值高低，除此以外由于我国证券监管机构对基金投资债券的比例作了规定，因此，该比例也会制约基金经理在债券上的投资，从而对债券部分价值发生影响；除了股票和债券两部分以外，对于净值构成中的另一重要组成部分——现金，我们将对其产生影响的因素全部归纳为流动性风险因素，即由于现金的稀缺而导致的风险。

The results show that the cultivated land area in Wanzhou will slightly decreased while the construction land will slightly increased,forest land will increased dramatically,and it is difficult to improve the ecosystem service value by single increasing the wetland area.Grassland ecological restoration and increasing orchard area will improve the ecosystem service value by comprehensive treatment of geological hazards and soil loss.The ecosystem service theory value in Wanzhou is 11.89 billion yuan each year,the correction value is 10.64 billion yuan each year,and the present value is 9.65 billion yuan each year.This shows the ecological restoration has good economical efficiency.The optimization of land use structures based on ecosystem service value could satisfy the development of social economy with land demand,and realized the benefit of ecology and economy inphase,the study supported a new way to solve the key technical problem in land use programming in China.

计算结果表明：（1）规划期内万州区耕地面积略有减少，建设用地面积有所增加，林地面积有较大幅度增加，大规模增加湿地面积提高土地生态功能价值则难以实现；（2）地质灾害与水土流失综合治理、草地生态系统修复以及适当增加园地面积，能够提高万州区土地生态功能价值；（3）万州区土地生态经济理论价值为11888亿元/a，修正价值为10644亿元/a，均高于现状值9653亿元/a，土地生态修复与建设的生态经济效益可观；（4）基于生态系统服务价值的土地利用结构优化，能够满足社会经济发展对土地的需求并同步实现生态经济效益的最优，为解决土地利用规划中的关键技术问题提供新的方法。

Proceeding from the value of geometry curriculum (natural value philosophical value aesthetic value practical value and intellectual value), this article elaborated the necessity of offering the curriculum of solid geometry.

本文从几何课程的价值(自然价值、哲学价值、美学价值、实用价值和智力价值)出发，阐述开设立体几何课程的必要性。

According to the Interim Regulation of the People's Republic of China on Value Added Tax (Order No.538 of the State Council, hereinafter referred to as the "Regulation"), the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Interim Regulation of the People's Republic of China on Value Added Tax (Order No.50 of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation) and the relevant spirit of the State Council, to do a good job in the consistency of the relevant value added tax policies and strengthen the administration of collection of value added tax, we hereby clarify the relevant issues concerning applying low value added tax rates and policies on collecting value added tax by the simple approach to some goods as follows

各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市财政厅、国家税务局，新疆生产建设兵团财务局：根据《中华人民共和国增值税暂行条例》（国务院令538号，以下简称条例）和《中华人民共和国增值税暂行条例实施细则》（财政部国家税务总局令50号）的规定和国务院的有关精神，为做好相关增值税政策规定的衔接，加强征收管理，现将部分货物适用增值税税率和实行增值税简易征收办法的有关事项明确如下

The value of constitution can according to axiology be divided into the three levels of immanent value, instrumental value and value as criteria,each of which presents the sanctity and the earthliness of constitutional value, also educes the neutrality of constitutional value in itself.

宪法价值可以分为内在价值、工具性价值与作为评价标准的价值三个层次，分别体现宪法价值的神圣性与世俗化，并从中引申出宪法价值的中立性。

The author holds that as a kind of culture, science possesses at least below five kinds of humanistic significance and humanistic value: 1. cognitive significance and cognitive value; 2. thoughtful significance and thoughtful value; 3.intelligential significance and intelligential value; 4. spiritual significance and spiritual value; 5. aethetic significance and aethetic value.

科学作为一种文化，至少具有五种人文意义和人文价值：①认识意义和认识价值；②思想意义和思想价值；③智力意义和智力价值；④精神意义和精神价值；⑤审美意义和审美价值。

Summary In copyright infringement cases,if the alleged infringer uses or even plagiarizes the copyrighted works or parts thereof,which causes no substantially adverse effect on the normal exploitation of the work,nor does it inflict any substantial damages to the right owner,the de minis doctrine should be applied to exempt the liabilities of the defendant and seek the balance of interests between the right owner and the general public embodied by the copyright law.

在侵犯著作权案件中，如果被控侵权行为人虽未经著作权人的同意，使用甚至抄袭了受著作权保护的作品或作品的片段，但若情节轻微，未对该作品的正常使用产生任何实质不利的影响，亦未对权利人的权利造成实质性的损害，则应适用&不计琐细原则&，免除行为人的责任，以寻求在权利人利益与著作权法所体现的社会公共利益之间的平衡。

This new product will become our best seller.

这个新产品会成为我们最畅销的产品。