查询词典 validity

The introduction first briefly reviews Western Europe\'s universal order of "recht" in middle ages: As independent political units, the city, the manor, the church parish, the ligeance and so on were set in a rank order, the relations between each rank were established in legal form, empire represented the highest rank, and simultaneously played an arbitrator\'s role, was the arbitrator of political units subordinated to the emperor. All of these ranks were placed in natural order created by God, thus, the Christianity religious doctrine had provided the final validity for the universal legal orders; then the symbiotic of the political evolution and the legal transformation will be discussed. Western jurisprudence resided in the Church during the middle Ages, after entering into modern era, resorted to the state."State" instead of "empire" became the basic concept of modem law, and new order of "recht" was bound to make legitimate argumentation for the nation; finally, the background and sketches of this article is explained. It will trace and analyze intrinsic evolution of the idea of legal order in the background of concrete politics--especially the geopolitics, inspects how the different nation-states split up from universal Christianly world and obtain their independence, inspecting differences of respective national path, the fit or unfit quality and the success or failure in this process.

导论首先简要回顾西欧中世纪大一统的法权秩序：作为独立政治单元的各城市、庄园、教区、领地等被镶嵌在一个等级秩序中，各个等级之间以法律的形式来确立相互之间的关系，帝国代表最高等级，同时扮演仲裁人的角色，是臣属其下的各个政治单元之间的仲裁者，而帝国等级又被安置在上帝创造的自然秩序中，因而，是基督教教义为大一统的法权秩序提供了最终的合法性；接着指出西欧政治演变与法权变革的共生性：西方法学在中世纪寄身于教会之中，进入近代以后则投靠了国家，&国家&代替&帝国&，成为近代法学构造的基本概念，新的法权秩序必然围绕民族国家展开；最后说明本文的论述方式和基本思路：本文将在具体的政治——特别是地缘政治——的背景中，追踪和解析法权观念的内在演变，由此进一步****不同民族国家内、异质的法权秩序如何从过去大一统的世界中分化剥离并获得独立，并试图检讨这一过程中不同民族道路的差异、优劣和得失。

I am a co-author of the following books or essays: A Series for Economic Jurisdiction Practice: Procedure; Judgment and Thoughts; Case Analyses of China International Economic and Trade Arbitration; Respondents of Commercial Arbitration. I independently wrote the following essays: Discussion on the Validity of an Arbitration Clause; Discussion on the Clausula Rebus Sic Stantibus; Research on Period for Product Liability Objection and Time Limit of Litigation.

先后与人合作完成了《经济审判实务－程序篇》、《审判与思考》、《中国国际经济贸易仲裁案例分析》和《商事仲裁法律被告》等，还独立完成了《论仲裁协议的有效性》、《情势变更原则》、《产品质量异议期限和诉讼生效期间探析》等论文。

The experiments on the cogging torque of the prototype motor were conducted, the experimental results are in agreement with the calculated results and the validity of the theoretical analysis was verified.

对样机的齿槽转矩进行实验研究，实验结果与计算结果趋势一致，表明了理论分析的正确性。

Degrees of approval of compensable factors influence the validity of job evaluation.

在岗位评价的实践中，报酬要素被认可的程度影响着岗位评价方案的可行性。

Finally,validity of compone...

最后，通过仿真，验证了构件集成网络体系结构的有效性。

Exploratory factor analysis, confirmative factor analysis, and analysis of variance were used to analyze the datum, which was based on the investigation we carried out for three times in Bank A, and there were more than 700 people involved. Whats more, we tested the reliability and validity of the scale thoroughly, and we established a four-factor-model for Bank A in the background of Chinese culture.

基于前后三次在A银行共计700余人次的问卷调查，对采集的数据进行了探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析、方差分析等，并对研究结果的可靠性和有效性进行了全面的检验，建立了A银行员工岗位角色适应的四因素模型。

Furthermore, if it is necessary, the confirmer could convert confirmer signatures into standard ones such that the validity of these converted signatures can be publicly validated.

进一步地，在必要的时候，证实者还可以将证实签名转化为普通的数字签名，从而使得任何人都可以验证这些签名的有效性。

Without the help and cooperation of a designated confirmer,a verifier can not determine the validity of a confirmer signature.

验证者要知道一个证实数字签名的有效性，必须得到一个称为证实者的第3方的帮助与合作。

The result indicates that conicoid anti error is smaller than that of plane and three cubed anti error fitting model, but the validity of the model doesn't necessarily have relationship with model steps.

结果 二次曲面抗差的结果要好于相关平面与三次曲面抗差的结果精度，并非抗差模型阶次越高有效性越高。

In this article I contrapose the structure characteristic and application requirement of some material wan and design a frame of network time synchronization system,and then give the realization arithmetic base on the material application,viaing to the emulational experimentation result by the programme realization and network construction,validate the validity and feasibility of this design.

本文基于NTP协议针对某具体广域网的结构特点和应用需求进行了网络时统系统的框架设计，并根据具体应用给出了实现算法，通过编程实现和网络构建得到的仿真实验结果，验证了该系统设计的有效性和可行性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。