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The polarization curve is not sufficient for a reliable and unique validation of a PEMFC model since different parameters can lead to an identical polarization curve. A three-step validation approach is proposed for a complete and unique validation. These three steps are:(1) validated by the global polarization curve,(2) validated by the local current density distribution curve, and (3) validated by the cathode over-potential and anode over-potential versus current density curve. The results from the comparison of four flow-fields show that the PEMFC performance of the flow-fields decreases in order by interdigitated, metal foam, pin-type and parallel.

通过PEMFC参数敏感性研究发现，PEMFC性能受多种参数的影响，这些参数可分为非敏感性参数、敏感性参数和高敏感性参数；与阳极侧参数相比，PEMFC性能对阴极侧的参数更敏感；不同参数值的组合可以得到几乎完全相同的极化曲线，因此电池的极化曲线不足以用于验证数学模型的唯一性与可靠性；为验证PEMFC数学模型的唯一性与可靠性，提出了模型验证的三步法：极化曲线验证、局部电流密度验证和阳极总过电位与阴极总过电位验证。

Obviously, if it's a critical step, than the expectation is that it would have been validated initially, and if you repeat in the reprocess a critical step, there's really no expectation to revalidate it because it's already been validated.

很显然，如果是关键步骤，我们会要求在一开始就验证了，如果你重复的返工步骤是关键步骤，那么没有必要再验证它因为你已经验证过了。

Tasks may be unvalidated, automatically validated, or validated by comparing redundant instances.

任务可能自动确认是否有效，或者通过比对多组事例进行确认。

Critical equipment like air conditioning system, water system, autoclaves, filling lines, lyophilizers, thermostatic rooms and filters are initially validated prior to use and re-validated periodically.

空气净化系统、水系统、灭菌柜、灌装线、冻干机、房间的温度调节系统、过滤器等关键设备在使用前需要经过验证和定期的再验证。

In this paper, we tested moisture adsorption capability of desiccants that were made from corn hull in different humidity and different temperature;we tested reversible adsorption of these desiccants too. The change of appearance of sample grain was validated by SEM and the augment of surface area was validated by mensuration.

在本研究中，对用上述方法得到的玉米渣皮干燥剂的吸水性能进行了测试，测试了干燥剂在不同相对湿度下的吸水率，干燥剂吸水率对温度的稳定性以及干燥剂的逆吸附性质，并通过扫描电镜测试和比表面积的测定验证了在处理后产物颗粒外观的变化和比表面积的增大。

Self-validating sensor has the ability of self-diagnostics and self-reconstruction, it provides not only the validated measurement value, but also the validated uncertainty and measurement value status, which represent the credibility of sensor's output.

自确认传感器能够实现传感器故障的自诊断和自恢复，除了提供被测量的确认的测量值之外，还提供测量值的不确定度、测量值的状态等表征传感器输出可信度的参数，可以实时了解传感器的工作状态，及时采取相应的措施，大大提高监测系统的可靠性。

With the establishmentof the equivalent medium model, RTM-DRE was applied to study radiative transfer intransparent medium with scattering particles. By taking into account of absorption andscatter of particles, absorption of binder and reflection of interface, the apparent spectrumabsorption model of thermal control coatings was developed by RTM-DRE combined withMies theory. Validity, computational error and time of the model were validated andanalyzed. Furthermore, the apparent spectrum absorption characteristics of thermal controlcoatings were studied, and the influences of optical characteristics of binder and particles,volume fraction of particles, particles diameter, characteristics of interface, and incidentangle of irradiance were analyzed.

采用RTM-DRE研究热控涂层内辐射传递，结合Mie氏散射理论，考虑粒子吸收与散射、基料吸收、界面反射等因素影响，建立热控涂层表观光谱吸收率计算模型，验证计算模型的正确性，分析计算模型的计算误差与计算时间；在此基础上，通过计算热控涂层表观光谱吸收率来研究热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性，分析基料与粒子光学特性、粒子体积份额、粒径、界面反射特性、辐射能量入射角等因素的影响，初步研究空间环境因素对热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性的影响，采用系统灵敏度理论定量分析热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性变化对卫星温度的影响。

The ultimate algorithm is validated to be suitable for multi-agent adversarial system.

多智能体系统是近年来人工智能领域的研究热点。

Through VC program language and database technology, illustrated the virtual modeling system in the Pro/E, and validated the affectivity of the system which studied in this thesis.

最后，研究了各系统与PDM系统集成的方案和接口实现方法以及虚拟造型系统界面设计；对于虚拟造型系统，利用VC和数据库技术，在Pro/E环境中加以实现，取得了一定的成果，验证了本文研究原型系统的可行性。

For the aim of saving energy and optimizing control of chilled systems, the performance of VWV systems and characteristics of control systems were analyzed based on the simulation. According to the characteristic of the monitored parameters and controlled variables in VWV systems, three online optimal control strategies were proposed and validated:(1) Optimal strategy for on/off control of chillers according to the ratio of secondary flow rate to primary flow rate.(2) Optimal strategy for the control of secondary pump according to value positions of auto-controlled AHU vales. And (3) Optimal strategy for supply chilled water temperature control of chillers according to valve positions of auto-controlled AHU valves and working status of secondary pump.

为达到节能和优化系统控制的目的，在楼宇空调水系统及其局部控制仿真分析的基础上，针对变流量系统监测点和可调参数较多的特点，提出并验证了3个实时优化控制方案：根据初级和二级冷谋水流量的比率，实时优化多台冷水机组的启／停控制；利用AHU自动控制水阀的阀位信息，实时优化二级水泵的控制；利用AHU自动控制水阀的阀位信息以及二级泵的工作状况，实时优化冷水机组出水温度的控制。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？