查询词典 utility

This paper presents the portfolio selection problem of two-attribute money and creates a model of portfolio selection based on two-attribute money, which can both contain the existing portfolio models and overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies. A series of new concepts is put forward, such as, holding wealth, obtainable wealth, short-term utility function, short-term expectation-variance utility function, state-expectation-variance utility function, short-term expectation-variance utility curve, long-term expectation-variance utility curve, margin utility contribution force, additional contribution force, profit-risk exchange rate and optimal portfolio expansion curve; The state-expectation-variance analytical method is developed from the expectation-variance analytical method; A set of systematic theories concerning two-attribute portfolio selection is thus established.

本文提出了两属性货币的证券组合选择问题；创建了既能包含现有证券组合选择模型又能克服上述两点不足的两属性证券组合选择模型；提出了持有财富、可获财富，短期效用函数，短期期望—方差效用函数、状态—期望—方差效用函数，短期期望—方差效用曲线、长期期望—方差效用曲线，边际效用贡献力，附加贡献力，收益—风险替换率，最优证券组合扩展线等一系列新概念；把期望—方差分析方法发展成状态—期望—方差分析方法；建立了两属性证券组合选择模型的一套系统的理论。

Chapter six presents such new concepts as margin utility contribution force, profit-risk exchange rate, state-expectation-variance utility function, long-term expectation-variance utility curve and optimal portfolio expansion curve. The state-expectation-variance analytical method is developed from the expectation-variance analytical method. The changing rate of profit-risk exchange rate to state variable is used to define and distinguish the decreasing, constant and increasing relative risk aversion. A decomposition formula about the margin contribution force of holding wealth to state-expectation-variance utility function is displayed. The decomposition formula demonstrates that the contribution force of investors' holding wealth to their utility is composed of the pure contribution force of holding wealth and the investment contribution force bronght about through investment portfolio.

第六章提出了边际效用贡献力、收益—风险替换率、状态—期望—方差效用函数、长期期望—方差效用曲线、最优证券组合扩展线等新概念；把期望—方差分析方法发展成状态—期望—方差分析方法；用收益—风险替换率对状态变量ω的变化率来定义和区分递减、定常、递增相对风险厌恶；获得了持有财富对状态—期望—方差效用函数的边际贡献力的分解式，该分解公式表明投资者的持有财富对他的效用的贡献力由持有财富本身的纯贡献力和持有财富通过投资证券组合所产生的投资贡献力所组成。

Innovation achievements of this dissertation are mainly in the content and the method, namely: presents the content of EAP thoroughly and systematically; reviews the cost, utility and empirical studies of EAP; investigates the cost and utility of EAP theoretically, conducts the typical survey of the EAP implementation of a domestic enterprise; establishes multivariate linear regression equation of EAP utility; sets up an allocation model of EAP cost through Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis dissertation\'s conclusion is that EAP cost is related to the time and frequency of EAP used by employee under the fixed cost, the tendency of using EAP is related to demographic characteristics and other factors, the utility of EAP is related to the personal preference of using EAP at least, the utility of EAP is leastwise related to 7 factors, the relationship with the supervisor is the most important factor in the workplace, personal health is the largest part of EAP cost.

本文的创新成果主要是内容上的创新和方法上的创新：对EAP的内容进行了全面、系统的梳理；对EAP的成本、效用和实证研究进行了综述；对EAP的成本、效用进行了理论上的探讨；对国内企业实施EAP的情况进行了典型调查；建立了EAP效用的多元线性回归方程；用层次分析法建立了EAP的成本分摊模型。本文得出的结论是：在固定成本不变的情况下，EAP的成本与员工使用EAP的时间及次数有关系；EAP的使用倾向与人口统计学特征和其它因素有关；EAP的效用至少与个人对EAP的使用偏好有关；EAP的效用至少与7个因素相关；与上级的关系是工作场所中最重要的因素；个人的身体健康是EAP成本中花费最大的部分。

The subjective nature of the utility concept 15 , however , susceptible to ordinal ranking measure . 12 In ordinal preference patterns , one only has to be able to rank alternatives 一from highest to lowest , best to worst , or most satisfying to least satisfying ; no attempt 15 made to quantify the amount by which one alternative 15 better than others - Despite the fact that utility 15 not subiect to precise quantification , it 15 still analytically useful to assume that utility can be represented by cardinal numbers .

公共概念15 的主观本质，然而，易受影响序数等第措施。12 在序数特选样式，你必须只能排列选择一从最高对最低，最好对最坏，或令人满意对最少满意；企图15 没有做定量一个选择15 更好的数额比其他人-竟管公共事业15 不是subiect 写量化，它的大意15 寂静分析有用假设，公共事业可能由序数代表。

The utility model adopts the stucture that the utility model is centered by a conical surface, the mandrel is fixed with screw threads, and only one movable mating surface is arranged between the mandrel and the dial gauge.The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, high precision, light weight, low cost ,optimal economic benefits and good working condition.

实用新型采取结构实用新型是由圆锥形表面集中的，轴固定与螺纹，并且仅一个可移动的啮合面被安排在轴和拨号盘测量仪之间实用新型有简单的结构、高精密度，轻量级，便宜，优选的经济好处和好工作环境的好处。

Finally, favored by the article "Stochastic differential utility" written by Duffle and Epstein, we define the notion of Stochastic differential utility under Maos conditions. Similar to common utility functions, they preserve many good characters such as continuance, monotonousness, risk aversion and so on.

最后，受Duffie和Epstein的"Stochastic differential utility"一文的启发，在毛氏条件下定义了随机微分效用，它保持了一般效用函数的性质：单调性，连续性，风险厌恶以等。

Through assuming the income is the function to the individual effort and the educational investment in the growth period, endogen the income into the model, and add the spiritual utility that brought by education level of three generations and the cost of individual effort into the utility function, thus more deeply analyze the problem of family education choice under the intergenerational transfer and intergenerational utility.

通过设定收入是成长期个人努力和教育投入的函数，把收入内生到模型中，并在效用函数中加入三代人的教育水平带来的精神效用，以及个人努力的成本，从而更深入的分析了存在代际转移和代际效用的家庭教育选择问题。

In chapter three, the electricity consumers' behaviors and preferences are researched. But he electricity consumers' behaviors and preferences are private information, which it is difficult to know for utility company. This paper comes up with two kinds of models both single-valued and interval- valued fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for utility company to get about users' sufficient information on demand-side consumption identity, which are effective measures for utility company's marketing research.

第三章对消费者的行为和偏好进行了研究，但是消费行为和偏好是消费者的私有信息，供电公司不太容易观察得到，本章提出了单值和区间值模糊综合评价用于电力市场的消费者对电力产品进行的指标体系评价的测评模型并进行了分析，能够使电力公司得到关于需求侧用户消费特性的充分信息，对供电公司在市场营销中进行市场细分提供了一种行之有效的方法。

According to the logical approach, the providing of the analysis hypothesis before the model construction is necessary. For example, the hypothesis of rational man and utility identity are for the convenient analysis, the hypothesis that the rich utility is smaller than the poor utility is for the importance of the third distribution.

按照逻辑方法，模型构建之前的分析假设的给出是必要的，比如关于"经济人"假设和效用归一假设等是为了分析的简便而作出的，关于富人效用小于穷人的效用假设是给出了第三次分配的意义所在。

This kind of support,like all government support,requires decisions about the appropriate recipients of funds.decisions based on utility as opposed to lack of utility are straight forward.but a decision among projects none of which has immediate utility is more difficult.the goal of the supporting agencies is the praisable one of supporting"good"as opposed to"bad"science,but a valid determination is difficult to make.generally,the idea of good science tends to BEC ome confused with the capacity of the field in question to generate an elegant theory.

此种资助也与所有政府资助一样，需要决定合适的投资对象。根据某一项目是否有效来做出决策是明确无误的。但是在几个都没有直接效用的项目中，要做出抉择就特别困难。资助机构的目标是支持&好&的科学，而不资助&坏&的科学，那是值得赞扬的。然而要做出正确的抉择却是困难的。人们往往将好科学与该科学是否有能力提出一套完美的理论混淆起来。

He think the world care little whether a man is a churchman, so long as he is good and true.

他想只要一个人慈善忠厚，谁也不会介意他是否是个教徒。

Aiming at the temperature control requirement of multi-workplats fritting furnace, this paper presents an electric circuit design.

针对多工位扩散炉的温度控制要求，介绍了以TCA785为核心的可控硅移相触发电路设计。