查询词典 upper crust

That crude oil and natural gas lie in petroliferous basins is related to the basinal basement crust's insulation which allows the preservation of volatile compositions in asthenosphere of upper mantle bulge and the full geochemical actions.

石油及天然气储存在含油气盆地之中是与盆地基底地壳的特性有关，它的隔热性保证了地幔隆起上部软流层中挥发组分的保存和充分的地球化学作用。

Based on the detailed contrast between the chondrite normalized REE pattern s and REE geochemical evolution law, this paper proves that the ore bearing fluid for the Carlin type gold deposits in the area mainly originates from the upper mantle differentiation, and that the crust matter partly contaminates the plutonic ore bearing fluid during moving from mantle to crust.

通过稀土元素配分模式的详细对比和地球化学演化规律的研究，论证了滇黔桂地区金矿的成矿物质主要来源于上地幔分异，但深部成矿流体在运移至地壳的成矿过程中不可避免地混染了部分地壳物质，从而在一定程度上掩盖了成矿物质的实质来

Based on the detailed contrast between the chondrite normalized REE patterns and REE geochemical evolution law, this paper proves that the ore bearing fluid for the Carlin type gold deposits in the area mainly originates from the upper mantle differentiation , and that the crust matter partly contaminates the plutonic ore bearing fluid during moving from mantle to crust.

通过稀土元素配分模式的详细对比和地球化学演化规律的研究，论证了滇黔桂地区金矿的成矿物质主要来源于上地幔分异，但深部成矿流体在运移至地壳的成矿过程中不可避免地混染了部分地壳物质，从而在一定程度上掩盖了成矿物质的实质来

The research results imply that the regional tectonic stress field has resulted in deformation and flow of upper mantle material with clockwise rotation,and make the alignment of upper mantle peridotite lattice parallel to the direction of material deformation. The deformation of the crust and upper mantle is possibly vertically coherent deformation.

研究表明青藏高原东北缘上地幔物质在区域构造应力场的作用下，发生了顺时针旋转的形变以至流动，使得上地幔中橄榄岩的晶格排列方向平行于物质形变或流动方向，上地幔变形和上覆地壳变形可能存在垂直连贯变形特征。

On the background of collision between India plate and Eurasia plate and uplifting of Tibet, the viscosity lower crustal flow induced crust thicken extensively, and driven upper middleup crust break into some big and small subblocks. The continental deformation features in SYR, including remotion of rigid subblock through the movement of huge slip faults and extensive crustal thickening, are not fit "Crustal thickening" mode or "Continental extrusion" mode.

川滇地区的大陆变形特征既存在广泛的地壳增厚现象，同时在下地壳塑性流动的驱动下，中、上地壳破碎成大小不一的块体，变形特征表现出整体刚性，因而不能简单地套用"地壳增厚"或"大陆逃逸"模式。

We infer that these three earthquakes are mainly caused by vertical deformation of upper mantle and material exchange between crust and upper mantle.

根据本文反演得到的高分辨率的S波速度结构，我们认为这三个强震的成因与上地幔的垂直形变、壳幔物质的交换和地壳中的流体有关。

According to the variation in the components of intermediateacid igneous rocks coming from the lower crust, it is possible to restrain the depth of the source area and the minimum thickness of the crust, and thus to provide important information for the study of the deep process of the continental intraplate mineralizationGlobally, many world level porphyry copper deposits and metallogenic systems formed by hypabyssal hot liquid have their close relationship with the synchronous adakite in spacetime and genesis; domestically, the adakitelike rocks have been identified to be related to the metallogenesis in the main metallogenic areas in ChinaThe recognition of adakitelike rocks having no relationship with the process of subduction makes it possible to construct a metallogenic model of continental intraplate porphyry metal deposits by combining other geological evidences, and this model is totally different from the metallogenic model of porphyry copper deposits with Bsubduction setting constructed by Sillitoe (1972)The existence of adakitelike rocks may be the necessary condition but not the sufficient one for forming the largescale porphyry deposits and the hypabyssal hotliquid deposits, whose metallogenic elements mainly came from the mantleThe metallogenic potential of adakitelike rocks is achieved by the entering of the mantle material, and the metallogenic specialization of adakitelike rocks is decided by the distribution characteristics of the metallogenic elements in the upper mantleAn important reason for the adakitelike magma related to subduction being advantageous to mineralization is that there were abundant high pressure and high temperature liquid coming from the subducted platepieces and the magma of high fO2 coming from the melting of subducted platepiecesHowever, for those adakitelike rocks, whose occurrence has continental plate background but does not relate to the subduction, their metallogenic mechanism is not clear yetBased on the concept of modern mineral exploration and combined with the analysis of integrated geological information, we may better realize the practical prospecting significance of the adakitelike rocks

根据起源于下地壳的中酸性岩浆岩的成分变化，可以约束其源区深度以及地壳最小厚度，为大陆板内成矿作用的深部过程研究提供重要信息。全球范围内，许多世界级斑岩铜矿和浅成热液矿化系统与同期的埃达克质岩存在密切的时空与成因联系，在国内主要成矿区带也识别出与金属成矿作用有关的埃达克岩。与俯冲过程无关的埃达克质岩的识别，使我们有可能结合其他地质证据构建完全不同于Sillitoe(1972)B型俯冲环境的斑岩铜矿成矿模式的大陆板内斑岩型金属矿床成矿模式。对于规模巨大、矿质主要源自地幔的热液矿床的形成，埃达克岩可能是必要条件，但不是充分条件。埃达克岩的成矿潜力通过地幔物质加入而获取，埃达克岩的成矿专属性由上地幔成矿元素分布特征决定。与俯冲有关的埃达克质岩浆之所以有利于成矿，重要的原因是存在大量来自俯冲板片的高压、高温流体以及俯冲板片熔融形成高氧逸度(fO2)的熔体，但产出在大陆板内背景、与俯冲无关的埃达克岩的成矿机制还不清楚。根据现代资源勘查理念，结合综合地质信息分析，埃达克质岩具有实际找矿意义。

The mantle shear zone played an important role in continental blackup. Especially, the dissymmetry caused by simple shear deformation resulted in the different amount of extension in upcrust and subcrust, which in turn formed the detachment of the upper mantle from the crust, that is, the thinning positions of upper mantle and crust were different.

地幔剪切带在大陆裂解过程中起关键性作用，特别是简单剪切变形所产生的强烈不对称构造，以至壳上伸展量明显不同于壳下伸展量，壳幔明显折离，使得壳幔变薄区的位置明显分离，这将能很好地解释华北地台东部岩石圈地幔演化及其浅部盆地形成等的响应。

Based on the detailed study of seismic tomography image in South China, and according to the geotectonic environment and shape and heat of asthenosphere upwelling, we divided the structure of lithosphereasthenosphere at the Mesozoic upper mantle of Eastern China into three types.(1)Continental platform area (North China platform and Yangtze platform): asthenosphere upwelled along paleorift; over the plume head, the granitic rocks of crust and mantle mixed and correspondingly, Au, Cu, Mo, PbZn, etc. mineralizationconcentrated regions were formed; and at the steep contact belt of asthenosphere and the thick area of lithosphere, mediatebasic complex was formed.(2)Central area of fold zone: asthenosphere was "recumbent" at suitable depth, with adequate heat and in a great extent; by heat conduction, the interior of partial crust remelted, and the crustsource granitic rocks, and correspondingly, W, Sn and rare elements mineralizationconcentrated regions were formed.

在深入研究华南地震层析成像的基础上，按照大地构造环境和软流圈上涌形状和热度，将中国东部中生代上地幔中岩石圈软流圈构造划分为3类：(1)陆台区，软流圈沿古裂陷上涌，其柱头上方形成幔壳混熔花岗质岩及相应Au、Cu、Mo、PbZn等矿集区，并于软流圈与岩石圈厚区之陡接触带形成中基性杂岩及相应Fe矿集区；(2)褶皱带中心区，软流圈在适当深度、热量充足、较大范围内&平卧&，因热传导而致使地壳内物质部分重熔，形成壳源型花岗质岩及相应的W、Sn、稀有元素矿集区；(3)褶皱带边缘区(大兴安岭南部及华南南缘)，在软流圈上涌柱上方形成幔源或幔壳混熔的花岗质岩，相应为Cu、Au、PbZn、Mo、Ag矿集区。

Hot spot: a place in the upper mantle of the earth at which hot magma from the lower mantle upwells to melt through the crust usually in the interior of a tectonic plate to form volcanic features; also: a place in the crust overlying a hot spot.

另外，根据有些地质理论，hot spot 的位置一般是相对固定不变的，也就是板块可以漂移，但它却保持不动 54。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。