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DPR of Atriplex canescens in differenttreatments are quite different, 2.87μmolm~(-2)s~(-1) under no soil water stress, 6.46μmolm~(-2)s~(-1) under light soil water stress, 6.06μmolm~(-2)s~(-1) under medium soil waterstress, 3.04μmolm~(-2)s~(-1) under heavy soil water stress. Comparing with the DPRunder light soil water stress, DPR decreased by 6.19% under medium soil waterstress, by 52.94% under heavy soil water stress and by 55.57% under no soil waterstress.

不同土壤水分胁迫下四翅滨藜的DRR表现出显著的差异，无土壤水分胁迫下DRR为2.87μmolm~(-2)s~(-1)，轻度土壤水分胁迫的DRR为6.46μmolm~(-2)s~(-1)，中度土壤水分胁迫的DRR为6.06μmolm~(-2)s~(-1)，重度土壤水分胁迫的DRR为3.04μmolm~(-2)s~(-1)，以轻度土壤水分胁迫为基础中度土壤水分胁迫下降了6.19％、重度土壤水分胁迫下降了52.94％、无土壤水分胁迫下降了55.57％。

The thesis can be divided into five parts as follows: First, the structural characteristics of finned-pipe evaporator are analyzed. After selecting suitable microelement controller, the heat-transfer and mass-transfer processes are analyzed for every microelement under the conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness. Based on previous equations, some parameters of frostiness are confirmed and the frost-growing model is set up under frost condition. Some hypotheses are postulated and with the help of the equation of mass-conservation, energy-conservation and momentum-conservation, the evaporation model which fits in the dynamic simulation is built, which set a solid foundation for system simulation. Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. Third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet-parameter on evaporator. Fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio-parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping.

本文的主要内容如下：1对翅片管蒸发器结构特点进行分析，选取适当的微元控制体，就干、湿和霜工况下对每个微元分别进行传热传质分析，基于经验关系式确定霜的有关参数，对于霜工况下的霜生长建立模型，经适当假设，运用质量守恒、能量守恒和动量守恒方程建立适合动态仿真的蒸发器数学模型，为系统仿真奠定基础； 2对蒸发在大扰动下的开、停机过程，运用动态集中参数模型进行分析和计算，为更好地描述制冷系统运行的全过程奠定基础，同时也为制冷系统实现自动控制提供一定的理论基础； 3对蒸发器正常运行过程，运用动态分布参数和参数间定量耦合的观点来分析和计算，为更好地了解稳态工况下各点参数的变化情况及各入口参数对蒸发器动态特性的影响即蒸发器性能对各参数变化的敏感性； 4编写翅片管蒸发器动态特性仿真计算程序，可以计算不同边界条件和初始条件下的制冷剂热力参数、空气温湿度和霜厚度分布场，实现对翅片管蒸发器在干、湿和霜工况下的动态仿真。

RESULT: 1.Ouabain act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens anterior capsular membrane discontinuous,epithelium cells clustered,occluding zonule seperated,lens fiber layers fractured.Under the EM,cells totally hollowed,mitochondria swelling,myelin figure appeared.RT-PCR examine the expression condition of αsubunit of sodium pump on mRNA level,α1、α2 and α3-isoform are all decreased.2.Digoxin act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens cell oedema,linkage distructed,extensive exfoliation.Under the EM,plasma appeared little half-transparant hollow region,mitochondria swelling and ridge disappeared. RT-PCR examine,α1、α2 and α3-isoform are all decreased.3.Amphotericin B act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens epithelium cells linked tightly,arranged in-line,lens fiber layers arranged tightly and regularily.Under the EM,abbundant cellular organes,exuberant cells function indicated. RT-PCR examine the expression condition of αsubunit of sodium pump on mRNA level,α1 and α3-isoform are increased significantly,demonstrated isoform-specific action.4D-thyroxine act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens plasmalemma integrated,cells arranged tightly and regularily.Under the EM,nucleus fission appeared,desmosome half-desmosome and tensile microfilaments linked the cells. RT-PCR examine,α2 and α3-isoform are increased, also demonstrated isoform-specific action.5.Vitamin E act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens anterior capsular membrane continuous and smooth,epithelium cells tightly linked,lens fiber layers appearede hollow region occasionally.Under the EM,lateral membrane high density belt appeared,abundant nucleolus. RT-PCR examine,onlyα1-isoform are increased, demonstrated significantly isoform-specific action.6.DMSO act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens anterior capsular membrane slightly thicker,cells linkage partly distructed.Under the EM,plasmalemma denaturation,mitochondria swelling.RT-PCR examine,α1、α2 and α3-isoform are all altered slightly and haven't significant meanning.

结果：1、哇巴因作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体前囊膜断裂、上皮细胞聚积、闭合连接分离、纤维板层裂隙，电镜下全层细胞空泡化、线粒体肿胀出现髓样结构，RT-PCR法检测晶状体钠泵α亚单位α1、α2及α3三种重整异构体在mRNA水平的表达均减弱。2、地高辛作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体细胞水肿、细胞连接破坏、广泛剥离，电镜下胞质见少许半透明空化区、线粒体肿胀嵴消失，RT-PCR法检测晶状体钠泵α亚单位α1、α2及α3三种重整异构体在mRNA水平的表达均减弱。3、两性霉素B作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体上皮细胞紧密连接、线状排列、纤维板层紧密规整，电镜下细胞器丰富、细胞功能旺盛，RT-PCR法检测α1及α3表达显著增强、具有一定的重整异构作用特异性。4、D甲状腺素作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体质膜完整、细胞排列紧密规整，电镜下胞核见分裂像、细胞间有桥粒、半桥粒及张力微丝，RT-PCR法检测α2及α3表达均增强、亦有一定的重整异构作用特异性。5、维生素E作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体前囊膜连续光滑、上皮细胞紧密连接、纤维板层偶见空化，电镜下囊侧膜内有高电子密度带、细胞核仁丰富，RT-PCR法检测仅有α1的表达显著增强、具有极强的重整异构作用特异性。6、二甲基亚砜作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体前囊膜轻度增厚、细胞连接部分破坏，电镜下质膜变性、线粒体肿胀，RT-PCR法检测晶状体钠泵α亚单位α1、α2及α3三种重整异构体在mRNA水平的表达无显著改变。

As to'Cabemet Sauvignon'and'Queen of Vineyard', which belong to the'West Europe Cultivars Group', no obvious decline of Fv/Fm was found in their potted plants even under severe drought stress. Their photosynthetic abilities also greatly recovered after rewatering, i. e. no serious photodamage was formed in these cultivars under drought stress. Between them, the φPSⅡ of 'Queen of Vineyard'under severe drought stress was much lower than that of'Cabernet Sauvignon', which suggested that the light use efficiency of the former was much lower than the latter under severe drought stress. The potted plants of'Autumn Royal'and'Rizamat' sustained high Fv/Fm and φPSⅡ before moderate drought stress, but seriously declined under severe drought stress, which indicated that these cultivars had a weak resistant ability to extreme drought stress. A hybridized cultivar of Vitis vinifera L. and V. labrusca L.,'Red Double Taste', its Fv/Fm and φPSⅡ expressed mild decline along drought stress grade.φPSⅡ of'Red Double Taste'was the highest among seven cultivars under severe drought stress condition, which might closely connected with its high photorespiration activity. Another new cultivar,'Red Globe', and a rootstock,'1103Paulsen', the Fv/Fm and φPSⅡ of their potted plants declined markedly under slight drought stress, which suggested that they held a weak ability to defend against photoinhibition.

西欧品种群的赤霞珠和葡萄园皇后，其盆栽苗的Fv／Fm直到重度干旱胁迫下仍没有明显的降低，且复水后光合能力恢复程度较高，即干旱没有给这两个品种造成严重的光破坏，而两个品种之间，葡萄园皇后在重度干旱胁迫下的φPSⅡ明显低于赤霞珠，说明其光合器官在严重干旱胁迫时对光能的利用率较差；新品种皇家秋天和东方品种群的里扎马特在中度干旱胁迫下仍可维持较高的Fv／Fm和φPSⅡ，但在重度干旱胁迫下则降低幅度较大，说明其抵御极端干旱胁迫的能力较差；欧美杂种红双味的Fv／Fm和φPSⅡ随着干旱胁迫程度的增加呈现平缓的下降趋势，而且其φPSⅡ在重度干旱胁迫下是七个品种中最高的，这应该与其此时仍维持较强的光呼吸活性有关；红地球和砧木1103Paulsen的Fv／Fm和φPSⅡ在轻度干旱胁迫下就明显下降，表明干旱条件下其抵御光抑制的能力较差。

Results showed that the activity of soil enzymes was obviously different.Among the different vegetation types,the activity of soil enzymes under Tilia mandshurica forests was the highest except peroxidase,whereas that under shrub-grass was the lowest.The activity of soil urease and alkaline phosphate under shrub was higher than that under the mixed forests.Activity of soil catalase and phosphate under Larix principis-rupprechtii forests was higher than that under Pinus tabulaeformis.

结果表明：不同植被类型的土壤酶活性有显著的区别，其中除过氧化物酶外，糠椴林的土壤酶活性均属最高水平，而灌草丛所有酶活性都属最低水平；灌木丛中脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于杂木林；华北落叶松林的磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性均高于油松林。

I am a wilful child perhaps My mother was spoiled child I wayward I hope Every moment As beautiful as crayons I hope The white paper in love can draw Draw clumsy freedom Draw a never Tears in eyes Sky A sky plumage and leaves A green night and apples I want to paint in the morning Under the picture Can see the smile Under the picture all the young No pain of love She hadn't seen clouds Her eyes are clear color She looked at me forever Forever, watching Never suddenly fell away I want to paint distant scenery Under the picture of the horizon and the water is clear Painted many happy river Under the picture Lightly covered with fluff I let them get very close Let them fall in love Let each one Each a silent spring throb Have become a little birthday I also want to paint in the future I haven't seen her, it is impossible But know that she is very beautiful I painted her coat of autumn Under the burning candle painting and maple leaf Painted many because love her And out of the heart Under the picture Draw a woke up early The glass wrappers above And the fairy tales illustrations I am a wilful child I want to wipe away all the unfortunate I think in the earth Painted with Windows Let all habits dark eyes All light I want to paint surface Draw a frame under a higher than the mountains Draw down the Orient Under the picture A voice of limitless Finally, in the paper Angle I also want to paint Draw a koala He sat on the dark jungle in Victoria Sit quietly branches Become speechless He had no home No one in the distance He only, many The same dream. Berries And a big, big eyes I hope think But I wonder why I didn't receive crayons Don't get a color moment I only have me My fingers and trauma Only the pieces Love her Let them go looking for a butterfly Let them vanish from today I was a child A mother is spoiled child fantasies I wayward

我是一个任性的孩子也许我是被妈妈宠坏的孩子我任性我希望每一个时刻都像彩色蜡笔那样美丽我希望能在心爱的白纸上画画画出笨拙的自由画下一只永远不会流泪的眼睛一片天空一片属于天空的羽毛和树叶一个淡绿的夜晚和苹果我想画下早晨画下露水所能看见的微笑画下所有最年轻的没有痛苦的爱情她没有见过阴云她的眼睛是晴空的颜色她永远看着我永远，看着绝不会忽然掉过头去我想画下遥远的风景画下清晰的地平线和水波画下许许多多快乐的小河画下丘陵长满淡淡的绒毛我让它们挨得很近让它们相爱让每一个默许每一阵静静的春天悸动都成为一朵小花的生日我还想画下未来我没见过她，也不可能但知道她很美我画下她秋天的风衣画下那些燃烧的烛火和枫叶画下许多因为爱她而熄灭的心画下婚礼画下一个个早早醒来的节日上面贴着玻璃糖纸和北方童话的插图我是一个任性的孩子我想擦去一切不幸我想在大地上画满窗子让所有习惯黑暗的眼睛都习惯光明我想画下风画下一架比一架更高大的山岭画下来东方民族的渴望画下大海无边无际愉快的声音最后，在纸角上我还想画下自己画下一只树熊他坐在维多利亚深色的丛林里坐在安安静静的树枝上发愣他没有家没有一颗留在远处的心他只有，许许多多浆果一样的梦和很大很大的眼睛我在希望在想但不知为什么我没有领到蜡笔没有得到一个彩色的时刻我只有我我的手指和创痛只有撕碎那一张张心爱的白纸让它们去寻找蝴蝶让它们从今天消失我是一个孩子一个被幻想妈妈宠坏的孩子我任性

On Under the Radar, she pulls the performance of a lifetime out of Powter."Linda was like a therapist," Powter recalls.

在 Under the Radar 这张专辑中，她挖掘出了 Powter 的全部潜力，让他完成了平生仅见的完美演出，& Linda 就如同一名治愈系的专家（^_^原文为 therapist ，根据下文我就这么翻译了。。。），&

The maximum rate of decomposition of soil organic carbon insubtropical wetness area is red soil under coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest＞yellowsoil under grass＞yellow soil under shrub＞yellow soil under broad-leaved forest＞red soilunder camellia oleifera; decomposition rate of yellow soil is faster than red soil. Themaximum rate of decomposition of soil organic carbon in subtropical wetness zone isyellow-brown soil under mixed forest in Nanjing＞red soil under adult fir in Yujiang＞redsoil under broad-leaved forest in Yujiang.

湿润亚热带地区森林土壤有机碳分解速率最大值出现在培养初期的一周内，其顺序：针阔混交林红壤＞茅草黄壤＞灌木林黄壤＞常绿阔叶林黄壤＞油茶红壤，同一植被下黄壤有机碳分解速率大于红壤，南京混交林黄棕壤＞余江杉木(32年)红壤＞余江常绿阔叶林红壤。

Perrotta was born and raised in the English town of Ashton-under-Lyne, famous also for being the birthplace of England World Cup hero Sir Geoff Hurst.

佩罗塔是在英国的Ashton-under-Lyne长大的，这个城镇同时因为是英格兰世界杯冠军队成员Geoff Hurst。爵士的出生地而出名

CHRISTIAN SHEPARD: You know why they call Australia down under, don't you?

你知道他们为什么叫澳大利亚&down under&吗？

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。