查询词典 under-tenancy

In the middle and later period of Ming Dynasty, the political system changed a lot under the influence of Confucianism, that is a part of ethnic minority deeply influenced by Confucianism began to have the political reform, that is abolishing the native chiefdom system and bringing the ethnic minorities under unified provincial administration.

在清代268年的统治中，虽然没有出现像明朝那样大规模的政府组织的移民，但由于清朝时期人口总数增大，在明朝大规模移民云南的基础上，内地与云南的交往增加，中原地区人多地少的矛盾日益突出，清朝云南矿业发达，所以，清代以各种形式进入云南的中原人口不下百万。

Under suitable infusion rate (30 mg/kg/hr), the physiological conditions remained stable for 5 hr, while the results suggested that the high dose and vehicle were not appropriate dosages for a stable anesthesia. Also, fMRI activations of the contralateral primary somatosensory cortex were readily observed under low dosage of α-chloralose infusion.

在低剂量的α－氯醛醣麻醉下，动物的生理状态可以维持稳定达5个小时，并且在fMRI的实验中得到清楚的BOLD反应，但是对照组以及高剂量的老鼠，在这样长时间的麻醉中，生理及麻醉状况无法维持稳定。

First, a chlorinator was self-designed in this paper, and dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene was synthesized by 2-methyl-1-propene reacted with chlorine fast in this reactor. By means of the Orthogonal Experiments design and single factor experiments, the influence of several reaction variables on the yield were examined and the optimum reaction conditions under the intervallic operation were obtained, the yield and selectivity of dichloride of 2-methyl-1-prop-ene were more than 65% and 80% respectively. Second, the preparation of 2-methylene-1, 3-propanediol, which dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene reacted with alkali was investigated. By means of the Orthogonal Experiments design and single factor experiments, the influence of several reaction variables on the yield were examined and the optimum reaction conditions under the intervallic operation were obtained, the conversion of dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene was 100%. Moreover the preparation of MPO, which 2-methylene-1, 3-propanediol reacted with hydrogen, in presence of Al_2O_3-Pd catalyst, was gotten, and the product was appraised.

本文在氯化反应过程中，自行设计制作出了氯化管式反应器，在该反应器中异丁烯和氯气迅速混合反应生成二氯异丁烯，根据该氯化反应特征利用正交试验和单因素试验考察了有关因素的影响并优化得到了最佳工艺条件，二氯异丁烯的总收率达65％以上，选择性达80％；接着，对二氯异丁烯进行水解反应制得了2-甲烯-1，3-丙二醇，讨论了相关因素对水解反应的影响，并通过正交试验和单因素试验得到了较佳工艺条件，二氯异丁烯的转化率达100％；同时还对制备的2-甲烯-1，3-丙二醇在常压下采用三氧化二铝负载钯催化剂催化加氢得目的产物MPO，并对产品进行了鉴定，从而打通了整个工艺路线。

We selected copper chlorophyll and copper sodium chlorophyllin to have experiments of culturing microalga, under the same of illumination and the concentration of nutrition, comparing with copper ion. The results show that under the condition of illumination, a certain quantity of photosensitizer can produce a great quantity of active oxygen, which has strong effect of death; Copper chlorophyll and copper sodium chlorophyllin have very strong influence to growth of microalga.

由于叶绿素铜钠是水溶的，而叶绿素铜是油溶的，导致微藻对它们吸附性质的不同，微藻吸附的少量叶绿素铜钠促进了微藻的生长，而叶绿素铜在低浓度时对微藻的生长具有促进作用，在高浓度时可以抑制微藻生长、甚至杀灭微藻。

"Fourth,calm under pressure,or as Hemingway put it,""grace under pressure "No businessman will get very far if he choke up.

"第四，平静的压力下，或把它作为海明威"，"宽限期的压力下"没有商人会很远，如果他发呆。

Compared with prior art, the method of the invention carries out the cineration process under low temperature, so concave defects on the metal interconnection lines near the through hole during the cineration process under high temperature can be avoided, thus improving finished product rate.

与现有技术相比，本发明的制造方法通过在低温条件下进行灰化步骤，避免了因高温条件的灰化步骤造成通孔附近的金属互连线出现凹形缺陷的现象，从而提高产品的成品率。

Article 5 The general administration for promoting circular economy under the State Council shall be responsible for organizing, coordinating and regulating national circular economy promotion works; relevant departments for environmental protection under the State Council shall be responsible for regulation works concerning circular economy according to their functions respectively.

第五条 国务院循环经济发展综合管理部门负责组织协调、监督管理全国循环经济发展工作；国务院环境保护等有关主管部门按照各自的职责负责有关循环经济的监督管理工作。

General administrations for promoting circular economy under local people's governments above county level shall be responsible for organizing, coordinating and regulating works concerning circular economy promotion within their administrative jurisdictions; relevant departments for environmental protection under local people's governments above county level shall be responsible for regulation works concerning circular economy according to their functions respectively.

县级以上地方人民政府循环经济发展综合管理部门负责组织协调、监督管理本行政区域的循环经济发展工作；县级以上地方人民政府环境保护等有关主管部门按照各自的职责负责有关循环经济的监督管理工作。

1Niche construction can lead to stable coexistence of diverse genotypes in spatially structured population, which supports a stable polymorphism even without heterozygote superiority.(2)With habitat deterioration, niche construction accelerates the formation of steady polymorphism and hence impedes the harmful influences of environment on the population, which might embody a life-history strategy of organism under the unfavorable environment.(3)Niche construction results in the coexistence with alternative polymorphism through genotype-environment feedback and limited gene flow.(4)The niche-constructing organism is an active force to alter its environment and hence the direction of natural selection in order to better survival.(5)Spatial dynamics and distribution pattern of metapopulation are profoundly influenced by time-lagged niche construction.(6)Metapopulation size can reach a fixed level in the recency effect and equal weighting of time lag but is statistical stability in primacy effect, which implies the primacy effect is most remarkable.(7)The increment in the relative weightingof each generation\' niche construction and the length of time lag are significant factors for system destabilization.(8)Moderate capacity of positive niche construction benefits the metapopulation persistence.(9)The narrowing of niche breadth can decrease the metapopulation size and thereby increase the extinction risk.(10)The coupled function of time lag and niche construction make the system oscillation and generate the spiral wave, spiral-broken and circular wave in heterogeneous habitat.The spatial distributions of metapopulation and resource content are complementary due to a phase lag of their both frequencies.(12)Metapopulation persistence with niche construction depends not only on the balance between colonization and extinction, but also on the balance between the ability of niche construction and natural dissipation of habitat.(13)Metapopula-tion can survive under certain condition when the percent of suitable patches in habitat is lower than the ration of extinction to colonization.(14)Two thresholds exist in the process of transition of habitat quality dynamics from unsuitable to suitable, which include the intensity of niche construction and the initial condition of system.(15)Metapopulation size is positive correlated with the ability of positive niche construction, which means that organism or population who has strongly positive influences on their environment plays an important role to maintain the available habitat.

通过上述几个方面的研究，主要得出以下15条结论：(1)生态位构建可使空间结构种群，甚至是在没有杂合子优势的条件下，形成多种可能的稳定基因型分布模式；(2)随着环境的破坏与恶化，种群的生态位构建作用加速其较早形成稳定多态以阻碍环境对种群的不利影响，解释了有机体在不利环境下的一种生活史对策；(3)生态位构建作用通过基因型—环境反馈机制及有限的基因交流导致基因型多态的稳定共存；(4)有机体的生态位构建作用是一种积极的动力改变环境进而改变其自然选择的方向；(5)生态位构建的时滞作用对集合种群动态和空间分布产生深刻影响；(6)集合种群大小在时滞的崭新效应和等权重效应下达到一固定值，而在首位效应下达到统计稳定，表明首位效应的影响最显著；(7)首位效应下生态位构建相对权重的增量和时滞的长度是影响系统不稳定性动态的关键因素；(8)适中的生态位构建强度有利于集合种群的续存；(9)生态位宽度变窄会减少集合种群的数量从而增加其灭绝风险；(10)时滞和生态位构建的双重作用使系统产生周期振荡，并在异质性环境中产生稳定的螺旋波，破碎的螺旋波和环形波三种分布模式；(11)集合种群与资源含量的空间分布因为相滞而互补；(12)具有生态位构建的集合种群续存不仅取决于侵占率与灭绝率之间的平衡，而且依赖于生态位构建能力同其生境的自然消耗速率之间的妥协；(13)当生境中适合侵占的斑块比例小于其侵占率与灭绝率之比时，生态位构建作用促使集合种群在一定条件下续存：(14)生境斑块的状态从不适合到适合转变过程中存在生态位构建强度和系统初始条件这两个阈值；(15)集合种群的大小同正生态位构建能力正相关，意味着对环境具有较强正作用的有机体对维持有效生境起积极作用。

If the boiler don't close the check valve, then must prevent back flowing to the boiler, valve clack mould weight and buffering piston can seal under gravity action, they make steam and condensed water can't flow back to the boiler under the low air pressure.

如果锅炉没有关闭截止止回阀，则必须防止回流到锅炉上，阀瓣压铁和缓冲活塞，在重力的作用下，能够迅速实现密封，使得蒸汽和冷凝水即使在低压下也不会回流到锅炉里。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！