查询词典 under-reaming

Derives the formulae for calculating the distortion and stress on the acting surface of flexspline load in the drive process of the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator;(2) analyzes and compares the performance of plastic and steel products under light load drive and calculates the probably reached limit of drive ratio for both types of flexsplines under the same load;(3) applies the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator to the small-sized multiple-revolution electric device of valves by taking into consideration of the low limit of the drive ratio for the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator made of plastics, improves the design on the main drive mechanism of the traditional small-sized multiple-revolution electric device of valves, and validates through examples the feasibility for the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator made of plastics to be applied to the small-sized multiple-revolution electric device of valves. Finally the author performs calculations on the two types of the flexsplines of the harmonic gear with three-wave wavegenerator by using the finite element method and analyzes the causes for the errors.

本文根据三波谐波齿轮传动的运动变形特点，采用弹性薄壳的力矩理论，推导了三波谐波齿轮传动柔轮载荷作用面上的变形及应力计算公式；分析比较了轻载传动情况下塑料和钢材的性能，计算了塑料制谐波柔轮和钢制谐波柔轮在相同载荷情况下可能达到的传动比极限；对塑料制及钢制三波谐波齿轮柔轮进行了有限元计算，分析了产生误差的原因；针对三波塑料谐波齿轮传动比极限低的特点，将之运用于小转矩多回转阀门电动装置中，对传统的小型多回转阀门电动装置的主传动机构进行了改良设计，并通过实例验证了三波塑料谐波齿轮传动在小转矩多回转阀门电动装置中应用的可行性。

Using data going back to Harry Truman's time, he found that real annual growth per head in federal spending averaged1% under divided government and five times that under unified government.

运用回溯至杜鲁门时代的数据，他发现分权政府下的实际联邦雇员人均花费年平均增长1％而统一的政府治下，这一数字将多出4倍。

This study describes the multi-facet systematic evolution of the said rural community from 1907 to 2007: from the perspective of ethnic culture, it has changed from a single ethnic cultural community of Yoghur(Ethnic Yugur\'s self-name) ethnic group into a multi-ethnic cultural community with Yoghur ethnic group as the dominating majority and embracing the ethnic groups of Han, Tibetan, Tu, Mongolian and Kazak; from the perspective of language, it has changed from a community where Yoghur and Tibetan languages dominated with the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language as the subordinate into one where the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language dominate with the Yoghur language as the subordinate; in the perspective of marriage and heirship system, from a parallel operation of two systems (patrilineal heirship for official marriages and matrilineal heirship system for matrimonial forms through the head-wearing ceremony) to monogamy and patrilineal heirship; in the perspective of means of living, from animal husbandry complemented with hand knitting and camel caravan transporting to agricultural farming complemented with animal husbandry and many others; in the perspective of social organization, from a traditional tribe to a modern country society; in the perspective of political system and social management, from the customs-authority management which combined the dominating headman hereditary system under the tribal union of an imperial dynasty and the subordinating elite influence, to the resource-interest management of party-government departmental system under the ethnic minority autonomy of a nation state; in the perspective of religious faith, from a coexistence of the Gelug Tibetan Buddhism and Shamanism and the devout ancestor worship to the currently prevalent ancestor worship with religions declining and faith weakening; in the perspective of education, from the local-knowledge-oriented education to an official-knowledge-oriented education, in which modern schooling has become the major educational organization instead of the former traditional temple education; the school has replaced the temple as the "knowledge-culture" communication center; at least in the minds of the local people the central role of family education during the children\'s cultural development has also been replaced by schooling.

本研究描述了1907～2007年间，这个乡村社区的多面向的系统变迁：从族群文化的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔为绝对主体的单一族群文化社区转变为一个以尧乎尔为主体的、有汉、藏、土、蒙古、哈萨克等组成的多元族群文化社区；从语言文字的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔语和藏文为主，以汉语方言和汉文为辅的社区转变为一个以汉语方言和汉文为主，以尧乎尔语为辅的社区；从婚姻与继嗣制度的角度而言，从一个双系并行(明媒正娶婚行父系继嗣制度，帐房戴头婚行母系继嗣制度)的社区转变为行一夫一妻制和父系继嗣制度的社区；从生计方式的角度看，从一个以畜牧业生产为主，以手工编织和驼队运输为辅的社区转变为一个以农业为主，以牧业为辅的、多种生计方式并存的社区；从社会组织的形态而言，从一个传统部落社会转变为一个现代乡村社会；从政治制度和社会控制的角度而言，从帝制王朝的部落联盟制下头目世袭制为主，户族精英为辅的习俗—权威型控制方式转变为一个民族-国家中民族区域自治制度下以党政科层制的资源—利益型控制方式；从宗教信仰的角度而言，从一个格鲁派藏传佛教和萨满教并存，祖先崇拜之风甚烈的社区转变为寺庙衰落、信仰淡化、惟祖先崇拜仍广为流行的社区；从教育的角度而言，从一个以地方知识教育为主的社区转变为一个以官方知识教育为主的社区，现代学校教育取代了传统寺庙教育成为社区的主要教育组织形式，学校取代寺庙成为"知识—文化"传播的中心，在青少年儿童的文化成长过程中，家庭教养扮演的中心角色，至少在乡民的观念上被学校教育替代。

The small waves were the same, chucking the rowboat under the chin as we fished at anchor, and the boat was the same boat, the same color green and ribs broken in the same places, and the under the floor-boards the same fresh-water leavings and debris--the same hellgrammite, the wisps of moss, the rusty discarded fishhook, and the dried blood from yesterday's catch.

水波还是一样的水波，在我们抛锚钓鱼时一样地轻拍船头底部，船也还是一样的船，一样的绿色，肋材坏在一样的地方，底板一样的淡水残积物------鱼蛉的尸体，撮撮青苔，锈迹般般的废弃鱼钩，以往钓鱼干了的血迹。

Each light wavelength activated protoporphyrin IX and the light wavelength under 550nm activated hematin under the same light intensity.

在光照强度相同、波长不同的光的照射下血红素和原卟啉均会加快猪肉脂肪氧化的速度，且随着光波长的减小，这种影响越大。

But, there are many insufficiencies and difficulties. Massive domestic and foreign experiments have confirmed that umbilical cord blood stem cell has the affirmative support hemopoiesis function, may expand under in vitro condition, and can differentiate into bone, cartilage, liver, bast and so on under a certain induction.

国内外大量研究证实，脐带血干细胞具有肯定的支持造血功能，在体外培养条件下可以扩增，并且在一定的诱导作用下可分化为骨、软骨、肝、内皮等多种组织细胞。

Brian and Herrmann worked together under Governor Reagan on the Center for the Study and Reduction of Violence, and then, a decade later, again worked under Reagan.

Brian和Herrmann一起在里根总统的为研究和减少暴力的中心工作。

Based on this reformulation, we first give the conditions under which the stationary point of unconstrained optimization problem is a solution of GNCP, and then give the conditions under which Hessian matrix of vector-valued function is nonsingular.

基于此转化形式，我们首先研究优化问题的稳定点为GNCP问题解的充分条件，然后建立无约束优化问题的向量价值函数的Hessian矩阵非奇异的充分条件。

In iron-deficient cells, photosynthetic pigments content decreased, efficiency of photosynthesis was low, With the increase of the concentration of the iron-chelator 2, 2'-Dipyridyl in media, Fv/Fm decreased, indicating photoinhibition increased, the results were consistent with previous research; Heterocyst induction had one delayed time dependent on the status of iron-deficiency, More severe of the iron-deficiency condition, more late of the heterocyst induction, It is possible that certain iron-related genes may directly regulate heterocyst development; under different iron limitation conditions, Protein pattern were different, more serious of the iron-deficiency conditions, less bands of the protein pattern, We could not find the iron-deficiency induced protein; In general the toxic effects of ROS were potentiated by excess iron, But our results revealed that even under iron-deficiency conditions, Oxidative damage existed.

铁限制的细胞光合色素含量下降，光合作用能力下降，随着铁螯合剂2，2'-dipyridyl浓度的增加，叶绿素荧光F〓／F〓逐渐降低，显示光抑制变强。与前人的研究结果相似；依赖铁缺失状态，异形胞诱导有一段推迟的时间，铁缺失越严重，诱导越迟，推断某些铁相关的基因会直接调节异形胞发育；在不同铁营养条件下，蛋白质图谱的变化趋势很明显，缺铁越严重，则蛋白质谱带数愈少，但本文未能找到特异诱导蛋白；一般认为铁过量情况下ROS产生加强，本文结果显示即便在铁缺失条件下，也有氧化胁迫伤害，而且缺铁越严重，活性氧伤害越大。

Justice and HHS officials also say the plaintiffs lack standing to bring their third claim under the Tenth Amendment, citing the amendment is designed to protect states' rights and only states can bring a claim under it.

司法机构和HHS官员还说，原告在对第十修正案的讨论中，认为这项修正案是为了保护州的权力而设定的，并且根据规定只有州政府才有权力，这一论据是站不住的。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。