查询词典 under load

By using of virtual work principle and the unit-load method , the elastic-plastic process of loading and deflection of a beam with one degree of indeterminacy under an even load is analyzed.

通过虚功原理和单位荷载法分析了均布荷载作用下一次超静定梁的弹塑性加载及变形过程。

The main research results in this dissertation can be given as following:Firstly, the bidding strategies and affections of generation companies on the TOU power price are analyzed; Supply function model is employed to simulate the bidding strategies of generation companies in power pool. Some meaningful results are obtained through the proposed equilibrium equations model, when different bidding parameters are selected to maximize profit of suppliers, such as the the numeral of generation company, the block bidding, and power demand elasticity. Based on these results, the affections between the bidding strategies and the TOU power price are discussed.Secondly, the important principles consider the factor of bidding strategies of generation companies and consumers gaming strategies are proposed to constitute the new TOU power price model under present electricity market. Based on these pricinples a new mathematical model of TOU power price is constructed, to evade electricity market risk, partition the peak-valley, ascertain the consumers' response curve, and protect the ambilateral profits.Thirdly, the affections of the TOU power price strategies for reducing the network loss, adjusting node voltage, improving load curve of power system, and protecting the consumers' benefits in electricity market are analyzed with applications of a city real time load data of Jiangsu province.

针对"厂网分开，竞价上网"的电力市场运营模式，本文主要完成了以下研究工作：1研究了发电商不同的竞价上网策略，利用供给函数均衡方法，建立了发电商的竞价上网策略模型，给出了市场均衡解的具体解法；讨论了不同条件下发电商的竞价策略对市场的影响，并获得了发电商的最优上网竞价策略，明确了竞价上网与峰谷分时电价之间的影响因素；利用电力系统负荷曲线，建立了发电商最优竞价策略与峰谷分时电价之间的相互联系，通过仿真算例分析了峰谷分时电价与发电商最优报价之间的相互影响。2提出了"厂网分开，竞价上网"电力市场模式下，考虑发电侧竞价和用户侧博弈等风险因素影响，峰谷分时电价理论建模在规避电网企业运营风险，保护供电方与用户双方的利益、确定用户响应曲线、划分峰谷时段、设置合理的电价拉开比等方面所应遵循的基本原则，在此基础上建立了适合电力市场模式的峰谷分时电价模型。3从原理上分析了需求侧实行峰谷分时电价策略，对削峰填谷，提高负荷率，改善负荷曲线形状，降低电力系统的电能损耗和电压损耗等方面的影响，并进行了仿真验证。

Based on a bounding surface model of the concrete and elastic-plasticity constitutive relationship of steel, this paper establishes the finite element model of the self-stressing concrete filled steel tube short column under axial load and eccentric load. the mechanical performances are analyzed.

对本课题组共进行的37根轴压短柱的试验结果分析，采用分解分析的方法，回归出钢管自应力免振混凝土轴压结构核心混凝土的等效单轴本构关系，与传统的弹性、塑性、断裂、损伤等力学模型相比具有简单实用的特点，便于进行工程计算。

The motor is provided with a thermal motor protector (a protective device that is sensitive to both temperature and current) that prevents the temperature of the motor windings from becoming more than 125°(257°) under the maximum load C F under which the motor runs without causing the protector to cycle, and from becoming more than 150°(302° with the rotor of the motor locked; or C F) 4 The motor complies with the requirements for impedance-protected motors; b Under wiring, unless the wiring complies with the VW-1 (Vertical-Specimen) Flame Test in the Reference Standard for Electrical Wires, Cables, and Flexible Cords, UL 1581; c Under an unenclosed switch, transformer, relay, solenoid, and the like, unless it 7 舞台灯标准 can be shown that malfunction of the component does not result in a fire; or d Under field- and factory-made splices and overload and overcurrent protection devices.

F C F 4 发动机符合阻抗保护发动机的要求； b 配线，除非电线符合VW-1及参考UL 1581标准的有关电线，电缆及线芯灵活性的焰火测试。 c 未封装的开关，变呀器，继电器，螺线管及与其相似的，除非它可显示元件的故障不会引起火灾。 d 在户外和生产工厂接合过载和过流保护装置。

At last, the fundamental viscoelastic parameters are calculated according to the data of the electrostatic experiment and a three-element solid inversion model. Draft gear is used to reduce the bump between the vehicles when the train runs or shunts, whose form of load is mainly impact load, and as for viscoelastic material such as the rubber, whose stress is not only relate to strain but also relate to the time, so under the action of impact load, the viscoelastic material's capabilities is very different from the common elastic material.

由于缓冲器是用于缓和列车运行及调车作业时车辆之间的冲撞，其所受载荷形式主要是冲击载荷，而对于橡胶这种粘弹性材料来说，由于其应力不仅是应变的函数，还是时间历程的函数，所以在受冲击载荷作用下的特性和普通的弹性材料的特性有很大的不同。

Finite-element analysis of quadrangular drill tower under wind load ;2. Curvature variation rule of cable and membrane structures subject to the wind load ;3. Then the wire strands and catway of Zhoushan Xihoumen bridge applied wind load in main cable construction are studied.

探讨了西堠门大桥主缆架设期间不同工况中索股在各级风载下的横向变形规律，结合猫道在不同级风载作用下的横向变形，通过索股和猫道相对横向变形量确定出猫道上可供主缆架设施工的风速。

As the plastic region expansion on circle plate under extemal pressure is smaller than that under equal internal pressure, it can be qualitatively reckoned that the critical pressure of in-plane instability under external pressure is higher than that under internal pressure with the same axial displacement load.

由于外压增量导致环板内塑性区域扩展的范围小于等值内压的影响，因此可以定性的认为，在同样的轴向压缩量下，波纹管的平面失稳外压临界压力大于内压临界压力。

Damage checking. To prove the load spectrum testing and research is correct, our load spectrum and AAR wagon load spectrum which 90.7 tons of high-sided wagon linear is transformed to 70 tons, the accumulated fatigue damage amount were compared under the same mileage.

损伤检验。为了证明本次载荷谱测试与研究的正确性，将实测和统计推断后的载荷谱，与AAR标准90.7吨高边敞车线性转化到70吨的载荷谱，在相同里程下疲劳累积损伤量，进行了比较。

After carries on the load computation and the component section estimate, selected a pin frame to carry on the computation, the computation content including the frame beam column section size selection and the line rigidity computation; Dead load, live load, under earthquake function Liang Duan, column end moment, shearing force computation; Frame endogenic force combination; The frame beam column matches the muscle computation; The staircase matches the muscle computation and the foundation matches the muscle computation.

在进行荷载计算和构件截面估算后，选取了一榀框架进行计算，计算内容包括框架梁柱截面尺寸的选取及线刚度的计算；恒载、活载、地震作用下梁端、柱端弯矩、剪力的计算；框架内力组合；框架梁柱配筋计算；楼梯配筋计算及基础配筋计算。

Beam and truss designs are obtained under nominal loading,under uncertain loading while employing the convex model,and under uncertain loading using the maximum load condition.

梁和珩架的设计是通过应用凸壳体模型进行名义加载，不定量加载，以及通过在最大加载条件下不定量获得的。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。