查询词典 under load

The primary studying works and characteristics:1 To summarize reinforcing theory of cement mixing pile composite foundation2 To analyze the primary mechanics characters and changing rules of cement mixing pile, based on analysis of test data both indoor and outdoor.3 To discuss siding frictional resistance, ending resistance, ultimate bearing capacity of simple mixing pile and effectiveness factor of grouped piles, loading ratio of soil between piles under cushion cap of grouped piles and stress ratio of pile and soil and so on, and use many computation method and experimentation method to ensure bearing capacity of mixing piles composite foundation.4 To point out and analyze eight sides flaws and problems of the bearing capacity calculation method of mixing pile compositefoundation which ensured by national and normative method/ formula.5 To apply test results of loading tests and a few settlement observation data, use gray theory to predicate ultimate bearing capacity of deep mixing piles, actual example demonstrate engaging between theoretical predicted value and actual value.6 To apply groovy layerwise summation method to discuss entity piles method, double foundation method, equivalent layerwise summation method and consolidation theoretical method and so on, especially by combination of engineering example, use FEM to calculate or discuss the settlement and changing rules of composite foundation.7 To discuss problems of critical length of composite foundation by combination of engineering example and numerical analysis method, and analyze the contrast of critical length between simple pile load and most area load of composite foundation, not only critical length of composite foundation is relative to modulus ratio between piles and soil, but also upside load distribution area of composite foundation.

主要的研究工作与特色为：(1)总结了水泥搅拌桩复合地基的加固原理；(2)在对室内外试验资料进行统计分析的基础上，系统分析了搅拌桩水泥土的主要力学特性及其变化规律；(3)探讨了搅拌单桩的侧摩阻力、端阻力、极限承载力及群桩效率系数、群桩承台下桩间土荷载分担比及桩土应力比等，提出用多种计算方法并结合试验方法来综合确定搅拌桩复合地基的承载力；(4)明确指出和分析了按国家有关规范的方法确定搅拌桩复合地基承载力所存在的八个方面的缺陷与问题；(5)利用过去没有加载至破坏阶段的载荷试验成果和较少的沉降观测数据，尝试了用灰色理论预测深层搅拌桩的极限承载力，实例表明理论预测值与实测值吻合较好；(6)在常规分层总和法的基础上，探讨了复合地基沉降计算的实体墩基法、双层地基法、等效作用分层总和法、固结理论法等，特别是结合工程实例，用有限元数值计算等方法计算和讨论了搅拌桩复合地基的沉降及其变化规律；(7)结合工程实例，用数值分析方法探讨了复合地基临界桩长的问题，指出和分析了单桩荷载下的临界桩长与复合地基大面积荷载下的临界桩长存在很大的差别，复合地基的临界桩长不仅与桩土模量比有关，而且与复合地基上部荷载分布面积有关。

LWhen the unacclimated UASB reactor, acclimated UASB reactor and anerobic filter were shockcdy by the combined load, the largest increase of the effluent COD under combined load shocking was higher than that of the sum of chloroform (or 2,4-dinitrophenol, noted DNP) and COD load shocking independently.

2多负荷冲击(COD+CF+DNP+ALK)按照正交试验来设计，反应器UASB-RⅠ在多负荷冲击时，影响出水VFA的因素的主次顺序为CF＞COD＞DNP＞ALK；影响出水DNP的因素的主次顺序依次为DNP＞CF＞COD＞ALK；影响VGP和％CH_4的因素的主次顺序分别为CF＞DNP＞COD＞ALK、CF＞DNP＞COD＞ALK。

In order to simulate the vehicle load on the road, the formula is derived assuming that the load moves with uniform velocity. The formula under this load is obtained. It is important to analyze the dynamic character of rigid pavement.

为了模拟道路上汽车荷载的实际运行情况，本文假定汽车匀速在路面上行驶，由此获得粘弹性文克勒地基板在移动荷载作用下的挠度表达式，并对计算结果进行了一些分析而获得比较重要的结论。

The results of simulations of three-graded-concrete supported beam under dynamic load show that in the impact load the carrying capacity improved and the displacement decreased when specimen failed, and without inial static load, it is dangerous that material tensile strength and elastic modulus were improved to its 1.3 times in the code.

三级配混凝土动载数值模拟结果表明，在短时高速的冲击荷载作用下，试件的极限承载力提高，破坏时的位移降低；在没有初始静载的情况下，规范规定的把材料的抗拉强度和弹性模量提高1.3倍所得极限承载力相对较大。

For some rock slopes, which have not distinct failure surface, but have complicated structure or load on the top and so on, a stability analysis of this type slopes by finite element method is presented, the failure surface is defined by certain rule or strain zone from the computed model, and then the safety factor of the rock slope is abtained by finite element method and limit equilibrium methodAt last, using ANSYS , a famous commercial finite element analysis software, a example of high-steep slope which is bearing the load of the LongGe Mansion is presented, the stability of this slope is studied, as a paradign the the stability evalution of complicated high-steep slope under the action of load of building , the chapter gives some meritable reference in stability assessment of rock slopes using numerical simulation by three-dimension elastic-plastic finite element.

并用有限单元法建立边坡的具体模型，应用折减边坡岩体参数、逐级施加荷载等与边坡工作环境相似的方法进行模拟计算，根据计算结果，采用一定的判别准则或图形可视化方法，确定出边坡的滑裂面，再采用刚体极限平衡法或有限单元法计算其安全系数；最后，通过某一工程实例，用大型有限元程序对边坡在建筑物荷载作用下的稳定性进行分析研究，并以此作为计算分析复杂高边坡在高层建筑物作用下的稳定性评价的一个范例，在采用有限元弹塑性数值模拟岩质边坡稳定性方面提供一些有价值的参考。

Joint behavior of beam and column is the key of entire structure.This paper uses finite elemnt analyzing software ANSYS to analyze the bearing mechanics of joint under monotonic load and periodic load,and gets load-displacement curves,viscosity curves and frame curves.The paper mainly analyzes how axis-push ratio,gradation of concrete,plate layout and steel type to affect tensibility performance and viscosity feature of joint.The results indicate that concrete-filled squar tube column has good tensibility performance and dissipative ability.

梁柱节点的性能是影响结构整体性能的关键，而目前对方钢管混凝土柱—钢梁节点抗震性能的研究工作尚不完善，本文通过有限元软件ANSYS来分析方钢管混凝土柱—钢梁节点，研究节点区在单调荷载和低周反复荷载作用下的受力机理，得节点区的荷载位移曲线、滞回曲线及骨架线；着重分析方钢管混凝土柱的轴压比、混凝土等级，隔板形式和钢材型号在低周反复荷载作用下对节点延性和耗能等抗震性能指标的影响。

Elastic buckling and inelastic buckling of arch with and without out-of-plane brace under full span distributed load and concentrated load are investigated The effects of the brace to the out-of-plane buckling load of arch are studied.

对拱结构在全跨均布荷载和跨中集中荷载作用下的平面外屈曲性能进行了研究，其中考虑了屈曲前变形路径的影响和面外支撑情况，为工程设计提供了有参考价值的建议。

Through model test,it analyzes damage mode of adding batten plate under vertical load,strain relation of load with flexibility、load with steel bar and carbon cloth are given,it obtains dangerous section of span beam when researched damage mechanism,which make structure can reach prospective effect.

通过模型试验，对附加缀板式这种新型结构加固后在竖向荷载作用的破坏形式进行了分析，给出了荷载与挠度、荷载与钢筋及碳纤维应变的关系，并对结构破坏机理进行了研究，得出各跨梁的危险截面，使该结构达到了预期的加固效果。

In this thesis, the influence of column force, joint hoop reinforcement, and repeat load on the stress and sheer bearing capability of inclined pressure bar is analyzed utilizing finite element software. In the case study, the column axial force's influence on the inclined pressure bar's equivalent width, stress and sheer bearing capability of RCFEN is obtained by changing the column force when modeling the RCFEN with ANSYS. In the former model, the joint hoop reinforcement influence on the equivalent width inclined pressure bar and the strength of RCFEN is achieved by changing the quantity of joint hoop reinforcement; the inclined pressure bar's equivalent width and the strength variation of RCFEN under cyclic load are gained by applying low frequency cyclic load on the inflection point of column and the middle of beam.

针对上述算例中的框架外节点采用ANSYS进行建模，运用有限元软件分析了柱轴力、节点箍筋、反复荷载对外节点斜压杆承载力、抗剪承载力的影响：改变柱轴力，研究了柱轴力对斜压杆的等效宽度、框架外节点斜压杆承载力、框架外节点斜压杆抗剪承载力的影响；在上述模型中，改变节点箍筋的数量，分析了节点箍筋对斜压杆的等效宽度、框架外节点强度的影响；在上述模型中，在柱反弯点和梁中点均进行低周反复加载，讨论了在反复荷载作用下，框架外节点的斜压杆的等效宽度、框架外节点强度的变化情况。

Draft gear is used to reduce the bump between the vehicles when the train runs or shunts, whose form of load is mainly impact load, and as for viscoelastic material such as the rubber, whose stress is not only relate to strain but also relate to the time, so under the action of impact load, the viscoelastic material's capabilities is very different from the common elastic material.

由于缓冲器是用于缓和列车运行及调车作业时车辆之间的冲撞，其所受载荷形式主要是冲击载荷，而对于橡胶这种粘弹性材料来说，由于其应力不仅是应变的函数，还是时间历程的函数，所以在受冲击载荷作用下的特性和普通的弹性材料的特性有很大的不同。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。