查询词典 uncertainty principle

Under the circumstances of shielding effect of extranuclear electron, the condition of the classics descriptions of Rutherford scattering formula is derived from the principle of uncertainty relation in the quantum mechanics.

用量子力学中不确定关系的原理，推出了在核外电子非屏蔽效应的情况下卢瑟福散射公式的经典描述的条件。

Quasi Hamiltonian system; nonlinear stochastic optimal control; robustness; robust control; parametric uncertainty; uncertain disturbance; Bouc-Wen hysteretic system; Preisach hysteretic system; minimax optimal control; stochastic stabilization; stochastic averaging method; stochastic dynamical programming principle; stochastic differential game; maximal Lyapunov exponent

国家自然科学基金；拟Hamilton系统；非线性随机最优控制；鲁棒性；鲁棒控制；参数不确定性；不确定扰动； Bouc-Wen滞迟系统； Preisach滞迟系统；极小极大最优控制；随机稳定化；随机平均法；随机动态规划原理；随机微分对策；最大Lyapunov指数

The principle and uncertainty evaluation of the national voltage standard for 10～3000 MHz are described.

1概述射频电压是无线电计量近20个主要参量中最基本的参量之一。

As websites focus more on navigation, the principle of reducing uncertainty and increasing familiarity will become more important.

随着网站越来越重视导航，减少不确定性，增加熟悉程度这一原则也将变得越来越重要。

Focal error signal of pickup head is achieved according to the Astigmatical principle, and that the optical non-contact probe system with the measurement ranges of 2um and the measurement uncertainty of 1.1nm is obtained. This probe system is immune to the variation of reflective ratios and curvature on the surfaces of samples via improvement of the signal process method.

其中根据光学象散原理得到激光读取头的聚焦误差信号，从而获得测量范围为2μm，测量不确定度可达1.1nm的光学非接触探头系统，通过改进信号处理方式，此探头系统可不受材料表面反射率变化的影响，并允许样品表面存在一定的曲率变化。

It is a supplement to the delivery duty, amethod of legal construction, and a legal method to adjust interests of partieswho have relationships of delivery, will promote social transaction, willmating good economic orders, will realize the purposes of delivery ofobligation in order that the creditor will accept its delivery interests perfectly,and will irreplaceably protect interests of life, property and other materialinterests of oblige and the third party related. Subordinated duty, with features of auxiliary and uncertainty, whichcannot be claimed unilaterally for performance, embodies the principle ofgood faith.

附随义务是给付义务的必要补充，是法律解释的重要方法，对促进社会交易、维护社会的经济秩序有着十分重要的意义；它是调整具有给付关系的当事人之间利益关系的重要法律手段，能使债权人得以圆满地领受到给付利益，使债的给付目的得以完全、切实地实现，亦能使权利人及相关的第三人的人身、财产及其他物质性利益得更周全的保护，具有不可替代的价值与作用。

Therefore, it can be regarded as a great improvement of the investment decision-making theory and methods .This article makes a systematic research on real options theory and method and its application, including the following several main aspects:Firstly, it makes a detailed discussion about the common theoretical basis of financial options and real options, including no-arbitrage equilibrium principle, risk-neutral definition, complete market and dynamic tracking.Secondly, it analyze three basic characteristic of investment decision-making in modern market economic system: irreversibility, uncertainty and flexibility, and from the angle of their mutual quantitative and qualitative interactions, it makes a comparison between the traditional NPV methods and real options methods and makes a summary of the general analytical methods of real options.Thirdly, it discusses the all elements in the application of real options such as the ^leakages in value of real assets, basis risk, and private risk, and furthermore, it attempts to put forth a normalized strategy of its application and construct a basic framework of its application.Fourthly, it applies real options theory to strategetic investment of enterprises and the buy-out of company, putting forth a value model for strategetic investment program and making a concrete analysis of its application to buy-out. Furthermore, it advocates that a flexible investment decision-making system should be setup according to real options theory in our country.

本文对实物期权理论和方法及其应用进行了系统研究，主要内容包括如下几个方面：(1)详细讨论了金融期权和实物期权共同的理论基础，主要包括无套利均衡原理、风险中性定义、完全市场以及动态复制方法，对这些理论方法的探讨既是本文的出发点和基础，它们提供了研究实际应用实物期权的一个基准点，也是贯穿全文的线索和灵魂；(2)分析了现代市场经济体系中投资决策的三个基本特征即不可逆性、不确定性和时机选择，并从它们数量上和质量上相互作用的重要意义的角度，分析了传统的净现值法与实物期权方法的差异，指出了净现值法在不确定环境中存在的缺陷及实物期权处理投资灵活性的价值，并将净现值法纳入实物期权投资分析决策体系当中，总结了企业投资决策实物期权的一般分析方法；(3)探讨了实物期权应用中要考虑的各种要素，如实物资产的价值漏损、基差风险和非市场风险等，并进一步提出了实物期权应用的规范化策略和构建了一个实际应用实物期权方法的基本框架，尝试将期权的基本原理与企业在现实经济环境中投资决策的要素结合起来，从而可以在一定程度上超越期权的复杂的数学计算而汲取期权思想的精华，从而促进期权决策方法在实际投资决策中的应用；(4)将实物期权方法应用于企业战略投资，得出了战略投资项目的价值模型，指出可以将实物期权理论和方法应用于企业并购，分析了应用的具体方面，并提出应根据实物期权理论建立一套适合我国企业的灵活的投资决策系统。

It is our observation that the sequence for applying to Debt-to-Equity Ratio and arm's length principle has not been clarified when determining non-deductible interest on related parties financing, which uncertainty might possibly make the result of calculation different.

我们发现，上述规定在确认不能税前扣除的关联方利息时，对于关联债资比和独立交易原则适用的先后顺序没有明确，可能导致计算结果存在差异。

This uncertainty relation can be viewed as an extension of holographic principle.

这个关系式看以看作是全息原理的一个拓展。

Following are stating the diffraction theory, CCD principle and its relation with the uncertainty .

以下说明广的衍射原理，CCD原理以及测不准关系。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。