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However, the prediction has a limitation of underestimation and overestimation at low and high temperature or moisture conditions respectively. In order to acquire accurate estimation of soil respiration, main suggestions for further study are to: combine measurement of soil respiration by chamber with carbon flux of ecosystem by eddy covariance, measure synchronously the biotic and abiotic factors, especially pay more attention to the role of modification of biotic factors on the performance of abiotic controllers, make more measurement in typical plant phenology phase and different weather conditions, and strengthen experimental manipulation and modeling.

但是在土壤温度及湿度过高或过低的情况下会出现较大的误差，为了尽量减少土壤呼吸的误差，给出了如下建议：①加强土壤呼吸和生态系统自动碳通量的结合研究；②加强对不同生物和非生物生态环境因子的同步测定，特别重视生物因子对非生物因子的调节和影响；③加强典型物候期和不同季节典型天气土壤呼吸的测定；④加强模拟试验研究和模式研究。

However, the prediction has a limitation of underestimation and overestimation at low and high temperature or moisture conditions respectively. In order to acquire accurate estimation of soil respiration, main suggestions for further study are to: combine measurement of soil respiration by chamber with carbon flux of ecosystem by eddy covariance, measure synchronously the biotic and abiotic factors, especially pay more attention to the role of modification of biotic factors on the performance of abiotic controllers, make more measurement in typical plant phenology phase and different weather conditions, and strengthen experimental manipulation and modeling.

但是在土壤温度及湿度过高或过低的情况下会出现较大的误差，为了尽量减少土壤呼吸的误差，给出了如下建议：①加强土壤呼吸和生态系统自动碳通量的结合研究；②加强对不同生物和非生物生态环境因子的同步则定，特别重视生物因子对非生物因子的调节和影响；③加强典型物候期和不同季节典型天气土壤呼吸的测定；④加强模拟试验研究和模式研究。

In this paper, the author disclosed the process of organic carbon conversion in the key stage of carbon cycle in peatlands by means of the analyse to the profile in typical stratums of peatland The purpose of this paper is to reconstruct the environment since late Holocene using the records of molecular fossils in organic compounds and to provide new viewpoints to the research of global change.

本文以典型泥炭地层有机组分的剖面变化揭示泥炭地碳循环的关键环节的有机碳转化过程；通过有机组分中分子化石记录恢复晚全新世以来的古环境变化，为过去全球变化研究提供和验证新思路。

The main research contents are as follows:1. Through massive calculation, analysis and comparison, sum up the similarities and differences between the special-shaped cross sections and rectangular cross sections in mechanical features, between reinforced concrete special-shaped columns and rectangular columns in load-bearing capacity, ductility performance and provide necessary basic concepts and data for further understanding the characteristics of the special-shaped columns;2. Through massive elastic calculations and elasto-plastic analysis, under the preconditions of satisfying the code's requirements for axial compression ratio, limit value of lateral displacement and load-bearing capacity of normal section,oblique section and beam-column joint, under circumstances of different intensity of earthquake, structure dead weight, sort of site and column grid bay dimension, the variation regularity of maximum suitable height of structure, and thus sum up the maximum suitable height of structure for code for the purpose of macro-control while deciding the design scheme;3. Make a preliminary study on the stress feature of reinforced concrete special-shaped column and Z-shaped column of which the ratio of limb length to limb thickness is between 4~5 ,and the preliminary design method is suggested;4. Through elato-plastic time history dynamic analysis of typical projects, check up the weak storey of the special-shaped column structure and yielding, breaking and collapse mechanism to satisfy the earthquake resistant requirement to buildings of remaining stand under strong earthquake;5. Derive for project use simplified calculation formula of vibration period, suitable vibration period, suitable rigidity of special-shaped column structure through theoretical analysis, and provide an easy and practical method for deciding the structure scheme economically, safely and reasonably;6. Based on the study achievements in theory and massive analysis and calculations of this paper, sum up the regularities of inner force, deformation of special-shaped column structure and seismic conceptual design, and thus the suggection of seismic design of special-shaped column structures is presented.

本文研究的主要内容如下：通过大量的计算、分析和对比，总结出异形截面与矩形截面在力学特性、钢筋混凝土异形截面柱与矩形截面柱在承载能力、延性性能等方面的异同，为深入了解异形截面柱的特点提供必要的基本概念和数据；通过大量的弹性及弹塑性计算分析，在满足规程对轴压比、侧移限值及正截面、斜截面、节点承载力抗震验算要求的前提下，在不同抗震设防烈度、结构自重、场地类别及柱网开间尺寸情况下最大适宜高度的变化规律，并在此基础上总结归纳出异形柱结构的最大适用高度规定，可用于规程，以便于在确定方案时起到宏观控制的作用；对肢长与肢厚比在4～5的钢筋混凝土异形截面柱及Z形柱的受力特点进行初步探讨，提出初步的设计方法；通过对典型工程的弹塑性动力时程分析，检验异形柱结构的薄弱层及屈服、破坏、倒塌机制，以达到建筑物大震不倒的抗震设防要求；通过理论分析，推导出异形柱结构自振周期，以及适宜自振周期、适宜刚度的工程实用简化计算公式，为经济、安全、合理地确定结构方案提供简便实用的方法；在本文理论分析、计算以及大量的研究成果基础上，总结归纳出异形柱结构内力、变形的规律及抗震概念设计内容，并在此基础上提出异形柱结构的抗震设计建议。

First, characteristics of product models in traditional design and concurrent design are compared. Therefore, thoughts of design object and design process working in the double harness are put forward. And, two typical representation methods of product model, and their localization are expatiated. Concept of generalized engineering semantic feature is defined. State of product design model is expressed. Then, an integrated representation method of product model is advanced. Based on the Pro/Engineer software platform, product-modeling system for product general information model is set up.Second, relationships between different product models and approach of data exchange are analyzed.

首先，分析和比较了传统设计与并行设计中产品模型的特点，提出了并行设计中同时考虑设计对象并行与设计过程并行的思想；在阐述两种典型产品模型表示方法，分析其片面性的基础上，引入了广义工程语义特征的概念，表达了产品设计模型的状态，提出了一种集成的产品模型表示方法；基于Pro/E软件平台，建立了产品广义信息模型建模系统。

The dissertation analyzed the characteristic of the development of new high-tech industry at first. It pointed out that having characteristics such as high innovation and high risk, decides that the development of new high-tech industry needs the interference of government. Then, it analyzed the relevant theory of government economic functions and the particularity of the study during the development of new high-tech industry, pointed out the new high-tech industry even needs moderate interferes and supports of government. After that, draw lessons from the analysis train of the "diamond" theory of Michel Porter, it analyzed the demands of the development of new high-tech industry from the angle of catching up, include the regulation function that the key element disposes, demand regulation and preferential policy, strategical planning and organization coordinates, new high-tech enterprise hatches, and the supply of the legal system. Then it carried on international comparative analysis to the government economic functions of some typical countries, to find out the successful experiences with the lessons of the failure.

第一部分分析了高新技术产业发展的特点，指出高投入、高风险及高收益的特点决定了高新技术产业的市场失灵程度较高，且具有一定的公共物品的性质；第二部分分析了一般意义上的政府经济职能的内涵及相关理论，认为高新技术产业更需要政府的适度干预和支持；第三部分借助迈克尔·波特&钻石&理论的分析思路，分析了高新技术产业对政府经济职能的需求，即在要素配置、需求调节、战略规划和组织协调、孵化环节及法律制度方面需要政府的特殊支持；第四部分，对高新技术产业发展中政府经济职能的供给进行了国际比较和评价，探求各国实践中的成功与失败，并对理论分析进行了检验；第五部分对我国发展高新技术产业过程中政府发挥经济职能提出了几点启示。

The essay takes the research of Czerny's piano tudes , which is comparatively weak in China and abroad , as its object of study . The study begins with the research of the tudes'material , harmony , composition , melody , rhythm , type of tone and sound , through the comparison of a great number of typical examples of music scores , uses the comparison and analysis of different details between different music pieces , expounds thoroughly form music itself , the technical system and artistic features of Czerny's music tudes as well as their connection with music compositions of the school of Viennese classical music .

本论文《车尔尼钢琴练习曲研究——技术系统、艺术特色、与维也纳古典主义钢琴音乐之间的内在联系》把车尔尼钢琴练习曲作为整体研究对象，从材料、和声、织体、旋律、节奏、音型、音响等方面入手，通过大量典型谱例的比较，运用乐曲之间细部对比、分析，从音乐本体出发，详尽地阐述了车尔尼练习曲中的技术系统、艺术成分及其与维也纳古典乐派钢琴作品的关系。

The essay takes the research of Czerny"s pianoétudes, which is comparatively weak in China and abroad, as its object of study. The study begins with the research of theétudes"material, harmony, composition, melody, rhythm, type of tone and sound, through the comparison of a great number of typical examples of music scores, uses the comparison and analysis of different details between different music pieces, expounds thoroughly form music itself, the technical system and artistic features of Czernys musicétudes as well as their connection with music compositions of the school of Viennese classical music.

本论文《车尔尼钢琴练习曲研究——技术系统、艺术特色、与维也纳古典主义钢琴音乐之间的内在联系》把车尔尼钢琴练习曲作为整体研究对象，从材料、和声、织体、旋律、节奏、音型、音响等方面入手，通过大量典型谱例的比较，运用乐曲之间细部对比、分析，从音乐本体出发，详尽地阐述了车尔尼练习曲中的技术系统、艺术成分及其与维也纳古典乐派钢琴作品的关系。

The thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter is this thesis"s introduction presenting the purpose, significance and method of the study; The second chapter analyses the architectural design"s characteristic and its differences between Gropius and wright through the respective typical achievement of the two; The third chapter is the core of the thesis. This chapter comprehensively compares the architectural thought between Gropius and Wright which is reflected in several aspects, such as the basic thought of architectural design, space conception, architectural aesthetic inclination and the methodology of architectural design and so on; the fourth chapter is the comparison of the cause resulting in different architectural thought of the two; The fifth chapter is the concluding remarks of the thesis. This chapter mainly elaborates respective different ideological enlightenment which the two architects have respectively left us.

论文共分五章：第一章是绪论，介绍本文的研究目的和意义，以及研究方法；第二章是由典型作品入手来剖析格罗皮乌斯与赖特的建筑创作特点与差异；第三章是本文的重心部分，通过在建筑创作的基本思想、空间观、建筑美学观、创作方法论等几个方面，对格罗皮乌斯与赖特的建筑观作较系统的比较；第四章是两建筑大师建筑观形成的原因之比较；第五章是本文的结束语，主要阐述两大师各自给我们的不同的思想启示。

The thesis analyzes from various aspects the modernist loneliness embodied in her work, including first the definition of modernist loneliness, stating the difference of modernist loneliness from the traditional loneliness and delineating the connotation, the causes, the solution and the extent of modernist loneliness, which changes dramatically in modern society. Then the thesis analyzes in detail how McCullers'two novels present in their own manners the typical modernist loneliness, with a comparison of the common features in both novels, aiming at reaching a deeper understanding of the similar thematic concern of both novels. Another significant part of the thesis is the deep-going analysis of the reasons for modern loneliness in McCullers'works.

本文从多方面深入分析了她作品中的蕴涵的现代主义孤独，其中包括：定义什么是现代主义的孤独，它与传统概念中的孤独有何区别：包括孤独的内涵，孤独的起因，孤独的解救，及孤独的范围等方面在现代社会中产生的变化；并在此基础上分析了麦卡勒斯的两部代表作品如何具体地表现了现代主义孤独感，并对两部作品中对孤独的表现方式进行了深入归纳分析，试图以这两个文本为案例，剖析麦卡勒斯作品中的现代主义主题，进而探讨现代主义的孤独产生的原因和背景，揭示现代主义的孤独与传统孤独之间的差异。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。