查询词典 two-dimensional distribution

The "yes" or "no"(1 or 0) of distribution of amphibians in Guangdong Province were regarded as two-state character. The relative coefficient was taken for the similar degree of amphibians in ever two zoogeographical provinces.

将各种两栖动物在各动物地理省分布的有或无作为二元状态，用结合系数来表征每两个动物地理省同两栖动物组成的相似程度，以类平均法进行聚类。

OBJECTIVE: To explore cervical adjacent zygapophyseal joint stress distribution following two level ADR and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, so as to provide biomechanical reference for clinical application of two level ADR.

目的：观察轴向载荷对双节段颈椎人工椎间盘置换和前路椎间融合内固定对邻下位节段关节突关节内压力的影响，以期为双节段人工颈椎间盘置换的临床应用提供生物力学依据。

Department of orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central-south University, Changsha, China3 Objectives: To study cervical adjacent zygapophyseal joint stress distribution following two level ADR and ACDF on, in order to provide biomechanical reference for clinical application of two level ADR. Methods: Eleven healthy adult fresh-frozen multi-segmental cervical spine segments were utilized in this study and biomechanically evaluated under the following C4/5, C5/6 cervical disc conditions:⑴intact spine;⑵he Bryan Disc prosthesis implantation;⑶the intervertebral fusion.

取11具新鲜完整的成人下颈段标本，按实验先后分别制成C4/5、C5/6椎间盘完整、椎间盘置换、椎间融合三个模型组，在标本上施加轴向分级载荷，将微型阻电式压力传感器置入C5/6、C6/7关节突关节内，测量合组各分级载荷下C5/6、C6/7关节突关节内的压力。

From August to November 2005, the ovipositing behaviour of two non-pollinating fig wasps of Philotrypesis in Ficus hispida figs were observed, the figs at post-flora phase were dissected to test the distribution patterns of galls used by the two non-pollinating wasps, and the quantity of wasps in figs were counted from different fig crops of three different years.

2005年8-11月，在西双版纳热带植物园对寄生对叶榕的佩妃延腹小蜂的产卵行为进行了观察，并解剖雄花前期的隐头果观察小蜂利用瘦花资源情况；对不同年份(2003、2004、2005)，不同批次的隐头果内榕小蜂数量进行了统计。

In order to study the intake air flow characteristics in four-valve diesel engines, in this dissertation hot-wire anemometer and PIV twodimension instantaneous measuring technique are used. Extensive experimental study on two intake valve exit flow fields and longitudinal section flow field in cylinder are performed for different type of diesel engines. Great researching progress have been made on the interaction between two intake ports, and the formation process of in-cylinder swirl and flow field structure of cross and longitudinal section for four valve diesel engines. These results are presented in China for the first time and without such kind of research work reported abroad as detailed and deepgoing as this dissertation. The author designs and makes a set of hot wire measuring velocity device to measure the velocity distribution around the intake valve annulus and the cross section flow field in cylinder.

为了研究四气门柴油机进气过程中气体流动的变化规律，本文利用热线测速和PIV二维瞬态测速技术，对四气门柴油机两进气门出口全圆周流速场和缸内横、纵剖面的气体流动流场进行了大量的试验研究，在四气门柴油机两进气道之间相互影响的变化规律，缸内涡流的形成过程及缸内横、纵剖面流场结构等方面取得了重大的研究进展，这一研究工作在国内尚属首次，在国外也未见有如此全面、深入的研究报道。

The invention discloses a multi-cell pilot frequency distribution method applied in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system, which comprises the following steps: generating at least two different original frequency hopping sequences according to a predetermined pilot frequency domain; generating a combined frequency hopping sequence (having length greater than that of the original frequency hopping sequences) from at least two different original frequency hopping sequences; generating different pilot frequency structures satisfying collision threshold requirements based on the combined frequency hopping sequence; and distributing the generated pilot frequency structures to each cell.

本发明公开了一种多小区导频分配的方法，用于正交频分复用系统，按照预定的导频频域间隔生成至少两种不同的原始跳频序列；将至少两种不同的所述原始跳频序列生成组合跳频序列，所述组合跳频序列的长度大于所述原始跳频序列的长度；基于所述组合跳频序列生成满足碰撞门限要求的不同导频结构；将所述生成的导频结构分配给各小区。

Each time after putting to (the instrument with the set of Yamshidi-Nadel provided by Kypho of America for injection of bone cement into the vertebrae; each putting could contain about 1.5 mL bone cement) inject bone cement into the vertebrae, the pressure P was not very high, with 500 kPa bar below for majority and the effect caused showed a significant statistical difference (P.01). Whereas, the pressure within the area of the vertebral P value was not high either, the majority was 10.00 Unit lower, which also led to the effects of significant difference (P.01). Both two states showed partial distribution. After making the statistical analysis to the casual two puttings between the first, second, third and fourth putting of each vertebrae, there existed the general differences. The differences were also found between other puttings (a.0083) on the statistics basis apart from between the first and second and between the third and fourth.

结果 每个椎体的椎体成形术均达到临床评价要求，每次推杆（美国Kypho公司提供标准椎体成形术中Yamshi-Nadel套系中推注骨水泥入椎体的器具，每具推杆可容纳骨水泥约1.5mL）推注骨水泥入椎体时所产生的椎体内的压力P不是很高，多数在0.50 bar以下，其所导致的效应具有显著的统计学差异(P.01)，而每次推杆推注骨水泥入椎体时的椎体内压力面积值P也不是很高，多数在10.00 Unit以下，其所导致的效应具有显著的统计学差异(P.01)，两者均呈偏态分布；而且，对每例椎体的第一、二、三、四杆之间两两予以统计学上的分析，在总体存在差异有统计学意义的基础上还发现除第一和二杆、第三和四杆之间外，其他各杆之间存在着差异(a.0083)。

For main-belt objects this can occur after the object has been observed on two or more nights at four oppositions (although this depends on the number and distribution of the observations as well as their quality); NEOs can receive a number after two or three well-observed oppositions.

对于主带小行星，只要在4个冲日内观测到两个或更多的夜晚（虽然这依赖观测的数量和分配以及观测的质量），就可以获得正式编号；对于近地小行星，只要获得两个或三个比较好的冲日数据，就可以获得正式编号。

In order to draw a photorealistic surface, Bidirectional Texture Functions, a 6D texture function which extends Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function to include the self-shadowing, self-occlusion and inter-reflection effects, has been mentioned frequently in recent years. Its main drawback is its massive data size. To solve this, Spatial Bidirectional Reflectance Function techniques compress BTFs into reflectance model parameters. However, SBRDF cannot producethe self-shadowing and self-occlusion effects in real-world surface geometry. This work is aimed to this drawback. I find how self-shadowing and self-occlusion affect the surface by additional physical-based analysis. And I rely on two physical phenomena to divide self-shadowing and self-occlusion into two independent effects. First, self-shadowing is view independent. Second, self-occlusion is independent of lighting direction changes. After these analyses, I use SBRDF and additional self-shadowing and self-occlusion I found to render a photorealistic surface as non-compressed BTFs doing.

为了把物体表面呈现的更真实，六维函数BTFs ( Bidirectional Texture Functions)目前已经被使用的相当频繁，但BTFs的资料量实在太大而没办法直接使用，为了解决资料庞大的问题，传统的SBRDF以逼近光反射模型参数，来达到资料压缩的效果，但是SBRDF对於表面的凹凸所产生的阴影及遮蔽，不能达到逼真的呈现，为了改善这个问题，我们选择从物理方面，找出资料中阴影和遮蔽等属於表面几何的资料并去除，使参数更正确，同时利用两个物理现象去区分阴影及遮蔽为两个互不干涉资料，第一是阴影不会因视角不同而改变，第二是遮蔽不因光线方向不同而改变，经过这些分析，我可以利用SBRDF加上附加的阴影及遮蔽两种独立的效应，来达到彷佛跟未压缩过的BTFs一样的真实绘图。

It is concluded in Chapter Eight that: 1 linguistic proficiencies in three languages play a considerable part in code-switching of EFL teachers in trilingual context; the inter-sentential switching outweighs the intra-sentential switching both in frequencies and percentage; discourse-related switching also outweighs participant-related switching in frequencies and percentage; the EFL is maintained longest in EFL classroom and the language maintained second longest depends upon learners" higher proficiency in Chinese or Tibetan. 2 Ethnic identity and educational background is the major causal factor of EFL teachers" Chinese-English switching in trilingual classroom; duration of language contact and relative trilingual proficiencies are the two principal contributors to the English-Tibetan switching; while Tibetan-English switching is mainly driven by EFL teachers" ethnic identity and education background, as well as the duration of language contact; English-Chinese switching is also largely motivated by the duration of trilingual contact; and Chinese-Tibetan switching is determined by trilingual proficiency to a considerable extent. Meanwhile, psychologically, the switching is mainly motivated by a procedure of psychological projection, trilingual system conceptualization and the mentality of trilingual selection. 3 The educational reflections upon this study indicate: firstly, in trilingual context, the teachers" classroom discourse is characterized by the multilingual involvement, flexibility in strategy option as well as the extension and strengthening of the domination of teachers" discourse. Secondly, the discourse movement and code-switching are largely affected by two cultural ecological mechanisms: enculturation and cultural manipulation. Thirdly, the status quo of EFL trilingual teachers are characterized by unbalanced trilingual proficiencies, poor cultural awareness, and little knowledge of trilingual education and trilingual code-switching, therefore, suggestions are advanced in the end to provide them further education. Fourthly, in trilingual context, the EFL curriculum for ethnic minorities is characterized by plurality of aims, complexity of organization and variety of resources. Meanwhile, it is of great necessity to understand the linguistic values of EFL education for ethnic minority learners. To be specific, firstly, we should not only have a deep understanding of the distribution, construction, function as well as communicative effects of the three languages, but also have a comparative study of the three languages and thus provide the standardization and guidance for the trilingual education. In the end, it is advanced that trilingual EFL provision for ethnic minority should pursue to develop learners" multicultural value system in which first language culture and mother language culture take the central position and EFL culture plays a vital role.

3在三语环境下，教师课堂话语具有话语形态多元化、话语选择策略具有灵活性和教师话语权得到延伸和拓展等特征；文化涵化和文化操控是影响三语教师课堂语码转换的两种文化生态机制；参差不齐的三语水平、淡薄的多元文化意识和对三语教学和语码转换缺乏科学认识是我国目前三语师资的主要特点，因此应对三语教师进行职后继续教育；在三语环境下，民族外语课程具有课程目标多元化、课程组织复杂化和课程资源多样化等特点；应对民族外语教育的语言价值进行审视和解读，对三种语言在课堂话语中的分布趋势、结构特征、功能作用和交际效果等问题进行深入研究，加强对三种语言间的对比分析研究，同时对民族外语教育中的三语教学进行规范和指导；在强调民族文化和二语文化在三语文化格局中心地位和外语文化的重要作用的同时，民族地区的外语教育应以构建多元文化价值观为其文化追求。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！