查询词典 tunnel

From the aeolotropy of hard rock of tunnel engineering region, the stress distribution of several kinds of fault to the water gushing of tunnel, the type of geology disaster involved in macrocharacter, main control factors, disaster mechanism and control strategy in tunnel excavating are studied systematically in this thesis. The purpose is to establish a theory and technology method for forecast and decrease disaster in tunnel excavating.

本文以硬岩隧道开挖工程区域岩体的各向异性研究为起点，从不同类型断层为主要构造形迹的应力分布特征出发，并结合隧道地下涌水灾害，系统研究隧道开挖的地质灾害类型，以宏观表象、主控因素、灾害机制及防治对策为主要研究内容，全面深入研究旨在为隧道开挖期间防灾、减灾提供理论基础与技术路线。

Methods: The muscular branches originating from the three parts(radial tunnel part, supinator tunnel part and post-tunnel part) of PIN were observed on 30 sides upper limb specimens.The dimensions and morphology of the radial tunnel, supinator tunnel and the arcade of extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle were observed and measured with caliper, and the surface projection of the entrance and exit of the ST were located.

30侧尸体上肢标本，将PIN分为3段(即桡管段、旋后肌管段和旋后肌管后段)观察其肌支的分支情况；用卡尺对桡管、旋后肌管和桡侧腕短伸肌腱弓的形态和大小进行了观测，并对ST入口和出口的体表投影定位。

Then sonorgraphic examination was carried out in 20 patients with cubital tunnel syndrome and 10 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome before operation.Results Not only the structure of cubital and carpal tunnel cauld be showed clearly,but also the cause of the cubital and carpal tunnel syndrome could be distinct.

结果 高频超声不仅能清晰显示构成肘管及腕管的骨质、软组织及其内容物，而且能够明确肘管和腕管综合征的病因以及尺神经和正中神经的形态学变化。

Results show that gas release in gassy sand will cause the additive deformation of tunnel and additive stress of the shield segment, and make important impacts on the global displacement of tunnel but little influences on the stress of shield segments and the relative displacement of tunnel. It is inclined to arouse the differential settlement and cracks on the tunnel so as to cause hazardousness. Re-accumulating of the gas can also produce additional stress and the additive resilience, but it can be ignored in practical engineering because the influence degree is small. The shallow gas in reservoirs is appropriate to be discharged before construction of the subway tunnel.

研究结果表明：气体释放将引起隧道产生附加变形和管片附加应力，浅层气体释放对地铁隧道结构应力和结构相对变形影响较小，而对隧道整体位移影响较大，易引起不均匀沉降，导致隧道裂缝或断裂，进而引发危险；气体重新回聚时，隧道产生的附加应力和回弹位移量较小，工程中可不予考虑；地铁隧道施工前，宜对浅层气体进行预先排放。

The observation results reveal the difference between surrounding rock pressures of shallow tunnel calculated by exiting methods and test results is large, pressure figure seems cat ear, surrounding rock pressure of deep tunnel belongs to clastic pressure, the test result is consistent with result by modified KAKE formula, the invert stress properties of shallow tunnel and deep tunnel are different, the axial force of lattice girder is at pressure in majority, and the stress of second lining is relatively small in loess highway tunnel.

实测结果表明：现有浅埋隧道围岩压力公式计算结果与实测结果偏差较大，其分布呈"猫耳朵"形状；深埋隧道围岩压力属形变压力，其实测值与修正卡柯公式计算结果较为一致；深埋与浅埋隧道中仰拱的受力性态有所不同；格栅拱钢筋轴力以受压为主；黄土公路隧道二次衬砌受力相对较小。

Baziling forked tunnel along Shanghai-Chengdu Expressway in construction is an unsymmetrically loaded tunnel. Construction process of forked tunnel is very complex because the forked tunnel includes twin-bore section and small clear spacing section. So, it's important for forked tunnel to adopt appropriate construction process.

正在施工的沪蓉西高速公路八字岭分岔隧道属于偏压隧道，而且分岔隧道包括连拱段和小净距段，施工过程转换复杂，因此，采用正确的施工方案对于隧道的稳定性非常重要。

A large 3D numerical model of forked tunnel is set up and different construction processes are simulated by D-FEM. Through analyzing displacement, stress and damage yield zone of tunnel surrounding, the optimum construction process that left tunnel excavates ahead of right tunnel 32 m is determined, left tunnel and right tunnel excavate synchronously is proposed.

建立了分岔隧道大型三维数值模型，采用弹塑性损伤有限元D-FEM模拟了分岔隧道不同的施工过程，通过分析施工过程中隧道围岩的位移、应力和损伤屈服区，最终确定采用左洞超前右洞32m，左右洞同步开挖的施工方法。

Based on long-term monitoring convergence deformation of Wuqiaoling deep-buried long tunnel, this paper analyzes convergence deformation regularity of two parallel main tunnels. Results show the left main tunnel's convergence obviously exceeds that of the right, because the right main tunnel's construction absorbs the experience of the left main tunnel. Furthermore, authors research on rheology rule of Wuqiaoling tunnel by FLAC(superscript 3D). Numerical analysis result basically is consistent with actual measurement result. Finally, 6 principles to dispose soft wall rock rheology are presented.

首先，在对乌鞘岭深埋长隧道进行长期围岩收敛变形的基础上，分析乌鞘岭深埋长隧道左、右主洞的收敛变形规律，其研究结果表明左线主洞的收敛变形均大于右线主洞，这是由于进行右线主洞施工时吸取了左线施工的经验；然后，利用FLAC(上标 3D)对乌鞘岭深长隧道软弱围岩流变进行数值研究，数值分析结果与实测结果较为一致；最后，提出对软弱围岩流变进行工程治理的6条原则。

Based on long-term monitoring convergence deformation of Wuqiaoling deep-buried long tunnel, this paper analyzes convergence deformation regularity of two parallel main tunnels. Results show the left main tunnel＇s convergence obviously exceeds that of the right, because the right main tunnel＇s construction absorbs the experience of the left main tunnel. Furthermore, authors research on rheology rule of Wuqiaoling tunnel by FLAC^3D. Numerical analysis result basically is consistent with actual measurement result. Finally, 6 principles to dispose soft wall rock rheology are presented.

首先，在对乌鞘岭深埋长隧道进行长期围岩收敛变形的基础上，分析乌鞘岭深埋长隧道左、右主洞的收敛变形规律，其研究结果表明左线主洞的收敛变形均大于右线主洞，这是由于进行右线主洞施工时吸取了左线施工的经验；然后，利用FLAC^3D对乌鞘岭深长隧道软弱围岩流变进行数值研究，数值分析结果与实测结果较为一致；最后，提出对软弱围岩流变进行工程治理的6条原则。

Analysis indicates that there is little difference in the displacement of tunnel and well control of stratum displacement by both methods. Plastic zone develops more obviously above the tunnel side by CRD method and is larger by CRD method than by dual sidewall guide pit method. It is comparatively obvious that the plasticity district develops in the side direction of the tunnel by dual sidewall guide pit method and the leading influence distance is also longer than that by CRD method. The development speed of plasticity district is comparatively fast in the range of the leading 3~6 m in CRD tunnel and 0~3 m in sidewall guide pit tunnel. There are different advantages by both methods for passing through sand layer.

结果表明，采用这2种工法时引起的隧道变形相差不是很大，都能较好地控制地层的变形；采用CRD法时产生的塑性区较双侧壁法大，且向隧道侧上方发展较为明显；采用双侧壁法时产生的塑性区在隧道侧向发展较为明显，超前影响的距离也大于CRD法；采用CRD法时的塑性区在超前3~6m的范围内发展速度较快；采用双侧壁法时的塑性区在超前0~3 m的范围内发展速度较快；对于隧道穿越砂层而言，2种工法各有优势。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。