tree-frog

According to the life form of species and their roles in communities, 6 species groups are used to do ordination analysis and environmental interpretation. The result suggests that:①Despite the strong man-made disturbance at lower altitude sites, the number and character of evergreen species show an change along the altitude gradient.②The rare and endangered species concentrated at two sectors along altitude gradient, corresponding to the upper and lower borders of the mountain mixed forest belt of evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved species.③The pioneer tree species concentrated on the middle and upper positions at lower elevation.④The deciduous accompany tree species show a great diversity on middle and lower position at middle and higher elevation.⑤Coniferous species differentiate along elevation and local topographical gradient.⑥Deciduous species in Quercus, Castanea, Fagus, Carpinus genus as well as coniferous species play primary community-constructing roles at different topographical position at Dalaoling region.

根据物种生活型及其在植物群落中的地位，分6个种组进行排序和环境解释，表明：①尽管低海拔地段受到强烈人为干扰，常绿种类仍显示了数量和性质沿海拔梯度的变化；②珍稀物种在海拔梯度上形成两个相对集中的区段，大致对应于山地常绿落叶阔叶混交林带的上下边缘；③先锋树种在中低海拔的中上坡位富集；④在中、高海拔的中低坡位，落叶的乔木伴生种显示了极大的多样性；⑤为数不多的针叶树种在海拔和局部地形梯度上也有明确分异；⑥它们和落叶的栎、栗、水青冈、鹅耳枥属物种在大老岭地区不同地形部位的植被中起着主要的建群作用。

In order to analyze the airborne LiDAR data corresponding to single trees and stand heights in the forestry area, we set up samples to measure tree heights of Alnus formosana, Cryptomeria japonica, and Chamaecyparis formosensis in the Alishan area. We build the Canopy Height Model based on the data from the airborne laser scanning system. Single Tree heights were estimated by averaging the CHM values within a 0.5m radius, and six different sizes of sample stands (5×5, 10×10, 12.5×12.5, 15×15, 17.5×17.5, and 20×20) were set up to extract the average heights within the area as the calculated value.

本研究於阿里山地区设置样区，针对台湾赤杨、柳杉、红桧等树种进行立木树高之量测，配合该样区之空载光达影像资料，建立树冠高度模型(Canopy height model， CHM)，探讨空载LiDAR在森林地区对於单木树高与林分高的量测情形；单株立木高系以样区立木位置为中心，萃取0.5 m 圆形环框范围内之CHM平均值为其推估值；光达林分高则以6种林分面积(5 m×5 m、10 m×10 m、12.5 m×12.5 m、15 m×15 m、17.5 m×17.5 m、20 m×20 m)萃取范围内之CHM平均值为其推估值。

The obtained results show: After applying Yelükang ball fertilizer, the active iron and total iron in the chlorotic peach tree leaves increased by 18.7%~19.5%, the chlorotic degree of peach trees decreased 2~3 scales, the fresh weight and dry weight of 100 leaves also increased apparently; the yield per tree increased by 56%~89%.

结果表明：施用球肥可使桃树叶片失绿程度降低2～3级，百叶重明显增加，单株产量提高56%～89%，全铁和活性铁含量提高18.7%～19.5%，可降低叶片中N，P，K，Cu和Zn的含量，使这些营养元素与铁的拮抗作用减弱。

The algorithm needn't generate candidate itemsets and scan database, because it employs FP-Tree to store trasanctions in database compressedly and takes full advantage of the characteristic of FP-Tree.Consequently,the complexity of space and time the algorithm used is reduced obviously in the procedure of data mining.In a thorough experimental analysis of our algorithm on real and synthetic data,we isolate the effect of the individual components of the algorithm. Our performance numbers show that MFP-Miner outperforms previous work.

该算法利用频繁模式树来压缩存储数据库中的事务，并充分利用频繁模式树的特点，在挖掘最大频繁项目集的过程中不需要产生候选项目集和扫描数据库，从而减少了算法在挖掘过程中使用的存储空间和计算时间，通过实验结果显示，该算法的性能优于同类算法。

We first investigated whether habitat heterogeneity influenced tree distributions, and then examined the conspecific tree patterns and density dependence after removing the effects of habitat heterogeneity.

我们首先分析了生境异质性是否影响树木的分布，然后排除生境异质性的干扰检验同种分布格局和密度制约效应。

The results showed that: with the regression analysis of Betula platyphylla, Pinus koraiensis, Abies nephrolepis, Picea koyamai var koraiensis, and Betula costata, there was a significant negative correlation between neighborhood interference index and the growth (0.40~0.89) and the correlation extent depended on the neighborhood influence zone and slope. The neighborhood influence zone corresponding to maximal regression coefficient R~2 was the neighborhood influence radius. Based on the linear subsection regression between neighborhood interference index and influence zone of five species, the neighborhood interference index increased with the increasing zone and there was a previous increasing trend in a certain scope, while the increasing trend slackened beyond the zone. The neighborhood influence zone corresponding to transition point was the neighborhood influence radius. The neighborhood interference index positively correlated with the neighborhood influence zone and the range of R~2 was 0.40-0.64. With the analysis of tree cores of Juglans mandshurica, Fraxinus mandshurica at middle and lower slope in a plot which was fostered in 1995, the distance which the growth release farthest neighborhood and object stub was judged, thus the neighborhood interference radius was inferred. According to the studies, we found that the neighborhood interference radius was different among different trees, even if the neighborhood interference radius of the identical tree species also had the difference at different slopes.

结果表明：通过对白桦、红松、冷杉、红皮云杉和枫桦树种进行邻体干扰指数与生长量回归分析发现，邻体干扰指数与生长量呈显著负相关(0.40～0.89)，相关程度因邻体影响范围和坡位而异，R~2达到最大值所对应的影响范围即为邻体影响半径；通过对白桦、红松、冷杉、红皮云杉和枫桦树种进行邻体干扰指数与影响范围的线性分段拟合，邻体干扰指数随影响范围的增加而增加，其在一定的范围内上升较快，而超出该范围后上升的幅度变慢，变化的转折点所对应的影n向范围可以判定为邻体影响半径，线性回归显著(0.40～0.64)；通过对1995a抚育的胡桃楸、水曲柳样树进行研究，分析邻体树种的中坡位和下坡位的生长锥芯，判断产生生长释放的最远邻木与基株树桩所对应的距离，推断邻体影响半径；根据研究发现，邻体影响半径因树种不同有一定的差异，即使同一树种的邻体影响半径在不同坡位也有一定的差异。

In habitats of the broad-leaved forest, the dominant tree are the species of Fagaceae in tree layer, Theaceae, Saxifragaceae and Lauraceae in shrub layer, Cyperaceae, Dryopteris spp. and Liliaceae in herb layer.

在阔叶林型栖息地中，乔木层主要树种为壳斗科植物，灌木层植物以山茶科、虎耳草科和樟科等科的种类为主，草本层植物以莎草科、蕨类和百合科为主。

As compared to a tree-based overlay, the playback continuity of DONet is much better, particularly under highly dynamic environments, and its end-to-end delay is comparable to that of the tree-based overlay.

相比较树结构覆盖层，DONet的播放流畅性好得多，尤其是在高动态环境下，同时端对端的延时也比得上树结构覆盖层。

Called variously the Edenic covenant, the covenant of nature, the covenant of life, or preferably the covenant of works, this pact consisted of (1) a promise of eternal life upon the condition of perfect obedience throughout a probationary period;(2) the threat of death upon disobedience; and (3) the sacrament of the tree of life, or, in addition, the sacraments of paradise and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.

所谓不同程度的 edenic公约，该公约的性质，该公约的生活，还是最好盟约的作品，这个协议包括（ 1 ）承诺的永恒生活条件的完善，服从整个试用期；（ 2 ）死亡的威胁后，抗命；（ 3 ）圣事的生命树，或者，此外，圣礼天堂与树的知识，善良与邪恶。

Since August 1998 the original to create since the spirit of "Our world, collaboration, a total development" business philosophy with several landscaping companies have established close cooperative relations; subordinates Nursery 200 acres for 100 kinds of green seedlings, variety pack Trichosanthes: Maple, Cherry blossom,Begonia, Maple feathers,à·, Pinus, money loose, Schima tree, red Magnolia, Liriodendron chinense, Osmanthus fragrans, Elaeocarpus , Prunus cerasifera, etc., especially when the supply of Maple, Cherry blossom, valuable tree species such as Begonia seedlings and greening seedlings of origin by direct supply retail price.

公司自1998年8月原〈余姚市四明山卢家苗场〉创建以来本着&诚信通天下，协作共发展&的经营理念与国内多家园林绿化公司建立了密切的合作关系；下属苗圃200多亩可供百种绿化苗木，品种包栝：红枫，樱花，垂丝海棠、羽毛枫、青枫、五针松、金钱松、木荷树、红白玉兰、马褂木、桂花、杜英、红叶李等，特别供应当年红枫，樱花、海棠等名贵树种小苗和绿化用苗木产地直销价供应。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。