查询词典 transitive permutation group

We provide a substitution box, exponential permutation which has much measurable security, and give a enumerating result and a fast algorithm of calculating such permutation. An almost perfect nonlinear exponential permutation with high algebric degree is proposed. with some discussion on how to select the parameters of such permutation. The experimental result shows us a conjecture that there exists no such permutation over even dimensional space. As a way of generating substitution boxes, we briefly point out the cryptographic weakness of the exponential functions derived from such permutation. We also present two new cryptographic indexes, fixed point and cyclic structure, on which we investigate the performance of such permutation. Finally, we give a viewpoint about the application of correlation immune functions in designing substitution boxes.

提供了一种可度量安全强度的代换盒－幂置换；详细阐述了幂置换的实现和计数问题；给出了一种计算幂置换的快速算法；从几乎完善非线性幂置换角度讨论了幂置换参数的选取，并提出了一种高次几乎完善非线性置换；通过试验给出了关于偶数维空间上几乎完善非线性幂置换的一个猜想；简要给出了由幂置换派生出的幂函数的密码局限性；针对幂置换，提出了两个密码安全指标：不动点和循环结构；证明了幂置换在这两个指标下的密码性能；简要讨论了相关免疫函数与代换盒设计的关系。

The orbits of the point stabilizer of a finite permutation group are called the suborbits of the permutation group. The determination of the suborbits of a permutation group is one of the basic problems in the permutation group theory. It plays an important role in the study of combinatorial structures.

一个有限传递置换群的点稳定子群的轨道称为该群的次轨道，决定一个置换群的次轨道结构是置换群理论的基本问题之一，它在组合结构的研究中有着重要的应用。

The biomechanical tests showed that two kinds of artificial bones had not significant difference on compressive strength and Young\'s modulus(P＞0.05),while the flexural strength of nano-nacre artificial bone was less than the control group(P＜0.05).3.The results of CCK-8 showed that the difference were not significant in each group,the proliferation of osteoblast reached the peak at the 5th day;7 days after being co-cultured,the total protein content of study group was higher than control group and blank group(P＜0.05),while the difference between control group and blank group was not significantP＞0.05The difference of alkaline phosphatase activities among three groups was not significant(P＞0.05The SEM view showed that osteoblast attached and grew well in two kinds of artificial bone.4.X-ray photography showed that two kinds of powder started to degrade in 2 weeks;this phenomenon became more appear in 4 weeks,nano-nacre powder degraded faster than micron-nacre powder,while the hole shadow was easy to be found;in 8 weeks,all the femoral holes recovered and returned to normal bone mineral density in all groups.Analysis of tetracycline fluorescent double marks in the hard tissue grinding slices indicated that new bone grew fastest around the bone defect area in study group,while most slowly in blank groupP＜0.05 SEM(scanning electron microscope observation showed that nano-nacre powder degraded more quickly.The same result can be found through the demineralized sections morphometric analysis,and both of the composite artificial bones made from those two kinds of nacre powder had the good connection with the adjacent tissue in rats body without apparent inflammatory response.5.X-ray photography showed that rabbit\'s bone defects healed faster in study group since NNAB implanted than in control group since MNAB implanted.At 24 weeks after operation,bone density in radial defects had nearly accessed to the normal area,while lower in control group,and turned up nonunion in blank group;The checking of BMD showed that results in study group were higher than those in control group at 8,16 and 24 week(P＜0.05), and the difference between the BMD values in study group at 24 week and those in blank group was not significant(P＞0.05).The gross specimens showed satisfactory histocompatibility both in study group and in control group,with bone tissue growing from two sides into the center of implanted materials; Normal slices in HE stain and hard tissue grinding slices in Stevenel\'s blue/Van Geison\'s picro-fuchsin stain showed that the bone growth tendency was better in study group than that in control group,and the medullary cavity had been penetrated to the implanted materials in study group at 24 week;Analysis of tetracycline fluorescent double marks in the hard tissue grinding slices indicated that new bone in both groups grew fastest 8 weeks after surgery,while slow down at 16 week.

纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨与微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨分别与成骨细胞共培养后，其各时间点CCK-8法检测值与空白对照无显著差异(P＞0.05)，成骨细胞均在第5天达到增殖高峰期；培养7天后，实验组细胞蛋白含量高于对照组及空白组(P＜0.05)，后两者之间则无显著差异P＞0.05碱性磷酸酶活性在三组间均无显著差异(P＞0.05电镜下可见成骨细胞在两种人工骨上都有良好生长贴附能力。4.X-ray显示两种粉体在大鼠股骨骨洞植入第2周时都开始出现了降解，第4周时更为明显，纳米珍珠层粉较之微米珍珠层粉降解更快，而空白对照组骨洞阴影仍可见，至8周时，则所有组骨洞均己闭合修复，X-ray下已不可见原钻孔痕迹，恢复正常骨质密度；硬组织磨片四环素荧光双标记结果显示纳米珍珠层粉植入组较其余两组在骨缺损区周围新骨生长速度更快，空白组速度最慢P＜0.05电镜观察及常规脱钙切片亦可见到纳米粉体降解较快；由以上两种原材料制得的纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨与微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨在大鼠体内均与周围组织结合良好，无明显炎症反应。5.X-ray显示纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨植入兔桡骨缺损区后其骨愈合速度较对照组微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨植入的快，至植入术后24周，实验组骨缺损区接近正常骨密度，对照组骨缺损区密度较低，空白组则呈现骨不连状态；骨密度测量结果显示术后8周、16周、24周实验组的骨密度值高于对照组(P＜0.05，24周实验组的骨密度值与术前所测得的正常值无显著性差异P＞0.05动物取材大体所见均显示组织相容性良好，骨组织逐渐由植入材料两端向中央生长；常规切片HE染色及硬组织磨片Stevenel\'s blue/Van Geison\'s picro-fuchsin联合染色均可见实验组骨缺损区长势优于对照组，至术后24周，实验组骨髓腔与材料已呈相交通状；硬组织磨片荧光显微镜下观察，两组材料在术后8周处于骨生长最快速时期，16周时速度开始减慢，术后4、8、16周时实验组的新骨生长速度均较对照组的快

Furthermore, out of 497 fAFLP markers, 80 special bands were found to be able to distinguish the four groups from each other and may be applied for germplasm characterization and molecular assistant classification of Meretrix clam.4 Molecular classification of two species of Meretrix clam based on fAFLP and ITS sequences4.1 The results of fAFLP maker analysis of S, G and W showed that each group had their own specific loci among which there were 53 special loci in W group, much more than those of S group (14) and G group (21). Among the 53 loci, nine were all dominant loci. These unique loci could be taken as molecular markers to distinguish W from other groups. The genetic similarity indexes and distance matrix between S and G groups were 0.9585 and 0.0424 respectively, but the genetic similarity indexes and distance matrix between W group and S or G group was 0.7939 or 0.7941, and 0.2308 or 0.2305 respectively. The results revealed that significant difference existed between W and S or G groups in molecular genetic structure. The phylogenetic trees by the methods of UPGMA and NJ also indicated that S and G populations were very closely related, while W population was a relatively independent cluster, lying beyond the species which S and G belong to.4.2 The internal transcribed spacer region of the rDNA from S group, G group and W group were PCR amplified and sequenced. The results showed that the size of ITS ranged between 1266-1269bp in W group, while those in G and S groups were 1614bp and 1520bp respectively. The GC content ranged 62.32-62.62% in W group while it was 61.77% in G group. The genetic distances between three populations of W group were 0.001～0.003, but it was 0.110 or 0.147 respectively between W group and G group or S group. Phylogenetic trees by NJ method also showed that G group was very closely related to S group, while W group was a relatively independent cluster.

在457个总扩增位点中找出了53个W的特有位点，远多于S群体(14)和G(21)群体，而且在53个特有位点中有9个出现频率为100%的位点，这些位点可以作为区分其它2个群体的特征性标记；S– G群体特有的位点有112个，其中有4个位点出现频率为100%，可作为S– G群体区别于W群体的特征性标记。S群体和G群体间的遗传相似性系数为0.9585，遗传距离只有0.0424，在NJ和UPGMA法构建的亲缘关系的树状图上均首先聚在一起，说明二者的亲缘关系很近，应属于种内群体间的关系；而W与S和G的遗传相似性系数均较小(0.7939和0.7941)，相对遗传距离很大而且十分相近(0.2308和0.2305)，在亲缘关系树状图上单独分出一支，也表明W与S和G群体间的亲缘关系较远。4.2 ITS序列比较分析通过对白壳文蛤、山东文蛤和广西文蛤的ITS序列扩增电泳、PCR-RFLP分析和ITS序列分析发现，W的ITS序列长度在1266-1269 bp，而S和与G的ITS序列总长度分别为1520 bp和1614 bp；从ITS1和ITS2长度来看，W分别为739-741 bp和316-317 bp，S为895 bp和414 bp，G为987 bp和416 bp；而从ITS碱基组成来看，W的GC含量在62.32-62.62%之间，而G群体为61.77%。W的3个壳色不同群体间的遗传距离仅0.001、0.002和0.003，S与G群体间的遗传距离是0.010，说明W群体内变异很小，而S与G群体间已出现明显的遗传分化，但还均属于种内群体间的遗传变异；而W与G和S的遗传距离分别达到0.110、0.147，两个类群差异显著，已远超出种内群体间的遗传变异。

in order to probe into whether glycine supplementation plays an adjusting role in sports performance and immune functions, the authors divided 30 mice randomly into an exhaustive exercising group (e1), glycine supplemented exhaustive exercising group (e2) and a normal resting control group, with 10 mice in each group, supplemented glycine to mice in group e2 and physiological saline to mice in the other two groups, let mice in groups e1 and e2 do an exhaustive swimming exercise 4 weeks later, applied the trace ch50 hemolysis method to analyze supplement activity, applied the mtt method to perform a quantitative analysis on the lymphopoiesis ability of spleen, and thus revealed the following findings: compared with mice in group e1, the time taken by mice in group e2 to swim to an exhausted state is significantly longer (p.05); total supplement activity in blood serum of mice in group e1 is significantly lower than the same of mice in group s (p＜0.01), and total supplement activity in blood serum of mice in group e2 is significantly higher than the same of mice in group e1 (p.01), but still significantly lower than the same of mice in group s (p.05); as observed from the test of the lymphopoiesis ability of spleen, the lymphopoiesis ability of spleen of mice in group e1 is significantly lower than the same of mice in group s, and the lymphopoiesis ability of spleen of mice in group e2 is significantly higher than the same of mice in group e1, but still significantly lower than the same of mice in group s.

四型肽精氨酸脱氨酶在类风湿性关节炎。。。以马来酸酐与氨水为原料热缩聚法合成。。。摘要：为探讨甘氨酸补充对运动能力及免疫功能是否具有调节作用，将30只小鼠随机分成力竭游泳运动组(e1)、甘氨酸补充后力竭游泳组(e2)和静息正常对照组，每组10只。在e2组补充甘氨酸，其余两组给予生理盐水，处理4周后，e1组和e2组均做力竭性游泳运动。采用微量ch50溶血法分析补体活性，采用mtt法定量分析脾脏淋巴细胞增殖能力。结果显示，与e1组比较，e2组游泳至力竭的时间显著延长(p＜0.01)。e1组血清总补体活性显著低于s组(p＜0.01)，e2组显著高于e1组(p.01)，但仍显著低于s组(p.05)。在脾脏淋巴细胞增殖试验中观察到，e1组显著低于s组，e2组显著高于e1组但仍显著低于s组。

Including the People's Government of Jiangmen City, Jiangmen City Health Bureau, Guangdong Midea Group, Qingdao Haier Group, Formosa Plastics Group, Dongfeng Motor, FAW, Isuzu Motors, Shanghai, Chery Automobile, Shanghai Volkswagen, Zhejiang Geely Holding Group, Master Kang Group, ThyssenKrupp, Japan Canon, LG Electronics Co., Japan's Sumitomo, Dongguan high-Fu Lee, China Petrochemical, Guangdong Fenghua Hi-Tech , TCL Group, Zhuhai Gree Electric Appliances, Ningbo Bird Group, Huawei Technologies, Eagle Holdings, Guangdong New Technology Group, Hong Kong Stationery Group, China's New Hope Group, Luoyang Glass Group, the Southern Rubber Group, Shunde Temin Enterprise Group, Shanghai on the Allianz Group, Liuzhou Railway Bureau, the National Institute substances Reserve, Hubei motor Group, Qingdao Beer Group and Liuzhou Wuling Automobile, Zhongshan tai feng electrical, Trinity Group, Hong Kong, Taiwan and other famous enterprises and groups We strive to build China's top 500 enterprises.

其中包括江门市人民政府、江门市卫生局、广东美的集团、青岛海尔集团、台塑集团、东风汽车、一汽、五十铃汽车、上海奇瑞汽车、上海大众汽车、浙江吉利控股集团、康师傅集团、蒂森克虏伯、日本佳能、LG电子公司、日本住友商事、东莞利富高、中国石化、广东风华高科、TCL集团、珠海格力电器、宁波波导集团、华为技术、鹰牌控股、广东新的科技集团、香港文具集团、中国新希望集团、洛阳玻璃集团、南方橡胶集团、顺德泰明企业集团、上海上联集团、柳州铁路局、国家物质储备局设计院、湖北省汽运集团、青啤集团、柳州五菱汽车、中山泰峰电气、三一集团、香港台和集团等著名企业，我们努力打造中国企业500 强。

Results:according to the outcome of test,168 cases with new bacteriological positive ptb were divided into negative reaction group(group 1),positive reaction group (group 2)and strong positive reaction group(group 3).after antituberculotic treatment for 6 months.the rates of sputum coversion of group 1,group 2 and group 3 were 76.92%,94.79% and 100% respectively.the mean sputum coversion time of group 1,group 2 and group 3 were 12.46 weeks 5.0 weeks and 3.0 weeks respectively and the rates of focus absorption of group 1 ,group 2 and group 3 were 61.54%.

结果：168例痰菌阳性初治的结核病患者，根据ppd试验的结果分为阴性组，阳性组，强阳性组。经过6个月抗痨治疗后，ⅰ组痰菌转阴率为76.92%，平均转阴时间为12.46周，病人疗程结束时，肺内病灶x线吸收占61.54%；ⅱ组痰菌转阴率为94.79%，平均转阴时间为5.0周，病人疗程结束时，肺内病灶x线吸收占86.46%；ⅲ组痰菌转阴率为100%，平均转阴时间为3.0周，病人疗程结束时，肺内病灶x线吸收占100%。

Characteristics of a number of gates from the set of all generalized Toffoli gates are studied. Any permutation S is proved to be generated by a n-cycle δ and a permutation τ=i(subscript j, i together. It shows that any neighboring 2-cycle permutation can be generated by at most two NOT gates without ancilla bit.

本文研究了生成Toffoli门集合的可逆逻辑门数的特点，证明了任意置换S可以由n-轮换δ和一个置换τ=i(下标 j，i生成，同时证明了相邻2-轮换可由至多两个NOT门在不增加额外信息位的情况下生成。

After comparing the two type of tests,we came to some conclusions.The tests based on binomial test can be regarded as some kind of permutation tests under certain definition of "permutaton".If the tests are related to statistics,then whether they can be viewed as permutation tests depends on if the value of the probability,p,is known where p is the population parameter in the null hypothesis.For tests like Kolmogorov goodness-of-fit test,since the statistics is calculated based on empirical distribution function,hence no matter how we repermutate the observations,the order statistics is the same.This kind of tests can't be regarded as permutation tests.

我们得到的结论为：在一般的无母数检定中，如果检定与binomial test相关，基本上都可以视作排列检定的一种；与卡方检定相关的检定，基本上和p值已知或是未知有关，这个p值为原始假设下所要检定的母体机率值；其他检定如Kolmogorov goodness-of-fit test，由於统计量的值是根据empirical distribution function决定，而不论如何重新排列样本，其顺序统计量都不变，所以无法视为一种排列检定。

A fast algorithm for calculating the inverse and Moore-Penrose inverse of the permutation factor circulant matrix is presented. Then, a fast algorithm for the product of the permutation factor circulant matrix is given. Finally, The least-square solutions of inverse problems and the optimal approximation problems for the permutation factor circulant matrix are discussed.

首先给出了一种求n阶置换因子循环矩阵的逆阵、自反g-逆、群逆、Moore-Penrose逆的快速算法，然后给出了计算两n阶置换因子循环矩阵之乘积阵的一种快速算法，最后给出了其反问题的最小二乘解的存在性定理及它的一般表示，并证明了逼近矩阵的存在唯一性且给出它的具体表达式。

These rules reflect some inherent feature of self and nonself, and they are the basic detection criterion of GECISM.

这些规则反映了"自我"和"非我"的内在特征，是GECISM进行"非我"检测的判据。

Until today, the media from China and the outside world still uses the term "Post 89". Regardless to whether it is for commercial gimmick or convenience, everybody still remember "Post 89", a term which carries a strong Cantonese accent.

时至今日，国内外艺术媒体还是在沿用&后八九&这个称谓，不管当初是为了商业噱头还是容易上口好记，反正大家现在是记住了&后八九&这个广东口音很重的词。