查询词典 transition state theory

Remuneration which an individual who is or was immediately before visiting a Contracting State a resident of the other Contracting State, and who is present in the first-mentioned State solely for the purpose of teaching, giving lectures or engaging in research in a university, institute, school, or teaching institution or research institution recognized by the Government of that State, receives for such services shall be exempt from tax in that State for a period not exceeding, in total, three years, as from the date of his first arrival in that State.

任何自然人是、或者在直接前往缔约国一方之前时曾是缔约国另一方居民，仅由于在该缔约国一方的大学、学院、学校或为该国政府承认的教育机构和科研机构从事教学、讲学或研究的目的，停留在该缔约国一方，从其到达之日起停留时间累计不超过三年的，该缔约国一方应对其由于教学、讲学或研究取得的报酬，免予征税。

Remuneration which an individual who is or was immediately before visiting a Contracting State, a resident of the other Contracting State and who is present in the first-mentioned State at the invitation of a university, college, or scientific research institution for the purpose of teaching, giving lectures or conducting research at a university, college or scientific research institution recognized by the Government of the first-mentioned State derives for the purpose of such teaching, lectures or research shall not be taxed in the first-mentioned State, for a period of two years from the date of his first arrival in the first-mentioned State.

一、任何个人是、或者在紧接前往缔约国一方之前曾是缔约国另一方居民，为了在该缔约国一方政府承认的大学、学院和科研机构从事教学、讲学或研究的目的，接受大学、学院或科研机构的邀请停留在该缔约国一方。对其由于教学、讲学或研究取得的报酬，该缔约国一方应自其第一次到达之日起，两年内免予征税。

It is important for us to change the structure of state-owned property rights and distribute state-owned enterprises rationally and increase the worker"s work positive of state-owned enterprises and the benefit and efficiency by reforming state-owned enterprises" property rights, forcing reformation of state-owned asset system, reorganizing state-owned enterprises strategically.

在产权制度层面对国有企业进行改革，推动国有资产管理体制创新及国有企业的战略性改组对于优化国有企业的产权结构，合理分布国有企业的产业布局，提高国有企业治理结构的有效性，对于调动广大国企工作人员的工作积极性，提高国有企业的效益和效率至关重要。

The results showed compared with the native state the shear strength of rockmass under the saturation state decreased by 11.17%, cohesion force decreased by 16.09%, internal frictional angle decreased by 10.02%.(3) 3D-σFEM numerical simulation software is used to simulate the slope stability on the native state and saturation state. Compared with the nature state the displacement of the discontinuity and stress concentration in the saturation state is largened clearly, the results showed slope stability under the rainfall is weakened.

更多含有天然结构面的岩体试件进行了不同含水量下的强度试验，试验结果证明在岩体试件处于饱水状态时的结构面抗剪强度比天然状态下平均下降了11.17%、粘聚力平均下降了16.09%、内摩擦角平均下降了10.02%；(3)采用3D-σ有限元数值软件对K86+180～K86+470段岩质边坡进行了三维有限元数值模拟，并且分天然状态分阶段开挖和饱水状态分阶段开挖两种不同状况进行了稳定性分析，从分析结果可以看出与天然状态相比，饱水状态下软弱层水平方向位移明显增大，坡脚及软弱层特别是软弱层临空面附近的剪应力值显著增大，并且其安全系数与天然状态相比也显著减小，说明在有大的降雨发生当岩体处于饱水状态时边坡整体稳定性被削弱，边坡失稳可能性增大。

On research subject, author audaciously presents the most controversial and sensitive question, including: the basic theory of the state immunity, the sources of the law of state immunity, the nature of state immunity and its relation with adjudicatory jurisdiction, exceptions to the state immunity, immunity of heads of the state, etc.

鉴于国内已经有学者对国家豁免的问题进行了专门的论述，作者试图在研究对象和方法上有所创新，在研究对象上，作者勇于触及该领域最具争议的敏感问题。

According to GM(1, 1) model of grey system theory , to take construction camber difference as the gray differential sequence and modeling at ideal state and state of surveying, predicting the next state deviation between ideal state and state ofsurveying.

按照灰色系统理论的GM(1，1)模型，将理想状态与实测状态下的预拱度差值作为灰微分序列建模，预测实测状态与理想状态在待施工阶段的偏差。

This thesis uses Esping-Andersen's theory about the regimes of three welfare states (social democratic welfare state; state-corporatist welfare state; liberal welfare state) as well as Southern European welfare state regime to compare the policies regarding family/child allowance, tax credit, childcare and parental leave in Sweden, France, UK and Spain.

安得森(Esping-Andersen)传统的三个福利国家体制（瑞典的社会民主式、法国的国家组合主义式及英国的自由主义式）之架构，另外再加上南欧福利国家体制，以此四种不同的福利国家体制来分析瑞典、法国、英国及西班牙这四国对於单亲家庭在经济支持政策及儿童照顾政策这二方面的需求，所提出的相关社会福利措施及改革来进行研究探讨。

According to theory analysis and example computation, the following conclusions are obtained.1. During the analysis on the cable shape in the suspension bridge"s completion state, the pre-displacement of saddle and the case that the cable and stiff girder commonly bear the second-stage dead load should be considered.2. When supposing the construction ideal initial state in the first time, if the initial state model is established according the cable"s span central sag in the bridge"s completion state, and the reasonable correction formulation is created in the iteration process, the result can converges fast.3. The cable shape in the bridge"s completion state is not parabolic, nor catenary. It is between parabola and catenary. Actually it is funicular polygon closer to the catenary.

通过理论分析和实例的计算表明：1在悬索桥主缆成桥线形分析过程中，须考虑主塔鞍座的偏位以及二期恒载由主缆和加劲梁共同承担的实际情况；2在第一次假设施工理想初态时，以成桥状态已知的主缆跨中垂度建立施工理想初态模型，同时在迭代计算的过程中，建立合理的修正公式，才能使收敛的速度快：3在成桥状态时主缆的线形既不是抛物线，也不是悬链线，而是介于抛物线与悬链线之间，更接近于悬链线的索多边形。

In this thesis, Based on the advantages of diode-pumped solid-state laser in Chapter 1, the development of diode-pumped solid-state laser is introduced. The trends of DPSSL are pointed out, the wide application fields ,as well as the bright market future of high power DPSSL are also summarized. In the Chapter 2 , all kinds of solid-state laser gain materials are introduced in detail. In the Chapter 3 , the theory on the mode-matching of the pump beam and the cavity mode is analyzed in detail based on the basic theory and work principle of LD-pumped all-solid-state laser.

本论文第一章从二极管泵浦固体激光器的优势出发，介绍了二极管泵浦固体激光器的发展，指出了DPSSL的发展方向，概括介绍了大功率DPSSL的诸多应用领域和广阔的市场前景；第二章对固体激光增益材料作了详细的介绍；第三章基于LD泵浦固体激光器的基本理论和工作原理，从理论上详细分析了LD端面泵浦激光器中泵浦光与腔模的匹配问题。

In this way, Bodin explained his theory of state systematically, although his writing style was not very good, there is also some confusion in it .A11 this can"t influence Bodin"s place in the history of modernpolitical thought . It is his theory of state that sets a foundation for the modern theory of state.

这样，布丹就比较系统地阐释了他的国家理论，当然在这部著作中，由于写作风格上的缺陷，不免给人以拖沓冗长之感，而且还有一些混乱之处，但是这些仍然不能影响布丹在西方政治思想史上的地位，应该说他的国家理论为现代国家理论奠定了基础。

Great. What repertoire did you see?

太棒了。你看的是什么剧目？

I prepared not to accept such ridiculousness:"Please," I said to him.

我可不想理会这套荒谬的东西："请你通情达理一点儿。"