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The introduction first briefly reviews Western Europe\'s universal order of "recht" in middle ages: As independent political units, the city, the manor, the church parish, the ligeance and so on were set in a rank order, the relations between each rank were established in legal form, empire represented the highest rank, and simultaneously played an arbitrator\'s role, was the arbitrator of political units subordinated to the emperor. All of these ranks were placed in natural order created by God, thus, the Christianity religious doctrine had provided the final validity for the universal legal orders; then the symbiotic of the political evolution and the legal transformation will be discussed. Western jurisprudence resided in the Church during the middle Ages, after entering into modern era, resorted to the state."State" instead of "empire" became the basic concept of modem law, and new order of "recht" was bound to make legitimate argumentation for the nation; finally, the background and sketches of this article is explained. It will trace and analyze intrinsic evolution of the idea of legal order in the background of concrete politics--especially the geopolitics, inspects how the different nation-states split up from universal Christianly world and obtain their independence, inspecting differences of respective national path, the fit or unfit quality and the success or failure in this process.

导论首先简要回顾西欧中世纪大一统的法权秩序：作为独立政治单元的各城市、庄园、教区、领地等被镶嵌在一个等级秩序中，各个等级之间以法律的形式来确立相互之间的关系，帝国代表最高等级，同时扮演仲裁人的角色，是臣属其下的各个政治单元之间的仲裁者，而帝国等级又被安置在上帝创造的自然秩序中，因而，是基督教教义为大一统的法权秩序提供了最终的合法性；接着指出西欧政治演变与法权变革的共生性：西方法学在中世纪寄身于教会之中，进入近代以后则投靠了国家，"国家"代替"帝国"，成为近代法学构造的基本概念，新的法权秩序必然围绕民族国家展开；最后说明本文的论述方式和基本思路：本文将在具体的政治——特别是地缘政治——的背景中，追踪和解析法权观念的内在演变，由此进一步****不同民族国家内、异质的法权秩序如何从过去大一统的世界中分化剥离并获得独立，并试图检讨这一过程中不同民族道路的差异、优劣和得失。

In this paper, effects of molybdenum, zirconium and selenium and some other trace elements on pyrogenic hydrocarbon generation of lignite was researched.

采用热模拟实验方法，考察了钼、硒和锆等微量元素对褐煤样品热解生烃产物的影响。

In this work, GC-MS, ICP-OES, UV-Visible Spectrophotometry were employed to determine the trace concentrations of the above six hazardous substances, and a standard method system for screening primarily, extraction, qualitative and quantitative analyses of the six substances was established and their factors were analyzed. By evaluating the relative standard deviation, recovery, repeatability, limit of detection, linear relation etc., the optimum parameters were given and thus the precision of analysis was equal to or higher than the IEC 62321 standard, meeting the requirement of RoHS.

针对中国电子电气业在遵守RoHS符合性实践中存在的诸多问题，本文采用GC-MS，ICP-OES，UV-Visible分光光度法等，对我国南方和香港地区各类电子电气产品中六种有害物质进行痕量分析，建立了一套标准的六种有害物质初步筛选、萃取、定性、定量分析方法，并对此方法体系的影响因素进行分析，对其相对标准偏差、回复率、再现率、检出限、线性关系等进行评估，得出了优化测试参数，在此条件下其检测的精密度达到或高于国际IEC 62321标准，满足RoHS测试要求。

Biological interactions, trace metal, and chemical and physical conditions of the water column might all be the potential factors limiting the distribution of Pro to the coastal area.

实验表明，种间相互作用，微量金属元素，以及水体的物理化学条件等都是制约原绿球藻近岸分布的因素。

Bam! Quickly, Mr. Young opened his door to look for Mr. Johnson and his shiny, red Lincoln limo. But there was already no trace of him.

Young先生迅速打开门想看一眼Johnson先生和他那辆红色的、闪闪发光的林肯超长豪华轿车，但他已经踪影皆无。

Tea contains trace of Aspergillus fermentation lipolysis lipase, which has the effect of lipolysis.

普洱茶中的麴菌含有微量脂肪分解酵的脂肪酶，这对脂肪分解具有效用。

However, there are problems with the traditional methods such as power meter, voltage measurement of high pressure and side-current, Q-V Lissajous figure trace method. It is difficult for the traditional methods to reflect the power of the discharge device, because they can not be very accurate, convenient and practical in measuring the discharge power.

然而，传统的用于测量介质阻挡放电功率的功率表法、高压侧电流电压测量法、Q-V轨迹Lissajous图形法等在准确性、方便性、实用性等方面存在许多问题，很难真实的反映放电装置消耗的功率。

First, we trace to the source of "literariness" via the cultural archaeology method.

首先我们以文化考古学的方法，对"文学性"进行追本溯源。

It has unique physiological structure and some evolutionary trace so it is called the living fossil.

第三部分是中华鲟生长激素受体和生长激素结合蛋白质的鉴定。

Base on the simulation experiments , hazardous trace element from coal mining rocks results have shown that the lixivium concentration affected by leaching times, pH, leaching temperatures and most parts of the hazardous element are stable.

结果表明，有害元素大部分以稳定态存在，浸出液浓度受浸泡时间、酸度、浸泡温度影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。