查询词典 torsion

The static model of torsion joint is based on that of bending joint. The effects of structure parameters inside air pressure, initial angle, rube average radius, rube shell thickness on the turning angle are analyzed and the following conclusions are drawn: the relationship between the angle of torsion joint and the inside air pressure is basically linear, the angle of torsion joint increases with the initial angle and rube average radius, the angle of torsion joint decreases while the rube shell thickness increases. The kinetic equation is built for torsion joint. Simulating experiment implies that the time of inflating and deflating process is extremely shorter than that of kinetic process. So the pneumatic process can be ignored in actual system design and control. The factors that affect the dynamic features of torsion joint, such as shell thickness of rubber tube, average radius, initial angle, connector's outlet area, moment of inertia and viscous damping coefficient, are analyzed and the following conclusions are drawn: the change of rube shell thickness has no effects on the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure while greatly affects the turning angle of torsion joint; when the rube shell thickness is small, the torsion joint has a bigger turning angle, no overshoot and long risetime, when the shell thickness is big, the turning angle of torsion joint is small, but has high response speed, overshoot and low shock; when the rube average radius increases, the turning angle of torsion joint increases and the overshoot increases too; when the initial angle of torsion joint is big, the turning joint is big, the overshoot is small and shock is low, but the risetime is big; the connector's outlet area affects the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure greatly, but has no effects on the dynamic process of turning angle; moment of inertia and viscous damping coefficient have no effects on the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure, but affect the dynamic process of turning angle greatly.

在弯曲关节模型推导的基础上，建立扭转关节的静态模型，并分析了扭转关节内腔压力，初始转角，橡胶管平均半径，橡胶管壁厚等参数对关节转角的影响，得出扭转关节的转动角度与充入FPA内腔的压缩气体压力之间基本呈线性关系，扭转关节的转角随初始角度和橡胶管平均半径的增大而增大，扭转关节的转角随橡胶管壁厚的增大而减小的结论；建立了扭转关节的动力学方程，仿真实验表明FPA的充放气过程与扭转关节的动力学过程相比时间极短，在实际系统设计和控制过程中可以忽略不计；分析讨论橡胶管壁厚，平均半径，初始角度，气体节流口面积，转动惯量，粘性阻尼系数等因素对扭转关节动态特性的影响，得出橡胶管初始壁厚的变化对扭转关节FPA内腔压力的动态响应几乎没有影响而对关节转角的响应曲线影响比较明显，壁厚较小时，关节可以得到较大的转角，并且转角的响应曲线没有超调，但上升时间长，壁厚较大时，关节转角变小，响应加快，但是有超调和轻微振荡现象，橡胶管平均半径越大，得到的关节转角越大，但是转角响应的超调量也随之增大，FPA的初始角度越大，关节的转角越大，并且超调量减小，振荡减弱，但是上升时间增大，管接头出口面积的大小对关节FPA内腔压力的建立过程影响较大，但对关节转角的动态响应几乎没有影响，转动惯量和粘性阻尼系数对FPA内腔压力的动态过程几乎没有影响而对扭转关节转角有较大影响等结论。

Five novel torsion-mirror optical actuators including double-beam thickness differential structure with single torsional axis, double flexible folded-beam structure with single torsional axis, double-beam vertical torsion comb structure with single torsion axis, four-beam differential compound-micromirror structure with double torsional axis and the combined structure of the four basis forms above, are brought forward. All of these devices could be fabricated by the same silicon micromachining process we have developed. The deformation compensation design with local enhancement for the thin torsional beam which is the key structure of these devices is also put forward to improve the reliability. The three-dimension solid model and two-dimension reduced order model of the torsion-mirror optical actuator are established and then the numerical simulations for evaluating the device characteristics of the statics, dynamics, electrostatic field, mechanical and electrostatic coupling, fluid and solid coupling are carried out to optimize the structure design. Furthermore, three optical fibre clamping structures which could be integrated monolithicly are designed and analyzed to improve the optical coupling capability. 4. Three flexible process flows combined with bulk silicon micromachining and surface silicon micromachining are brought forward to fabricate these novel single-crystal silicon or polysilicon torsion-mirror optical actuators by using the same lithography masks for both SOI wafer and regular silicon wafer. A series of important process experiments are carried out to optimize the process parameters and the process flows. Some novel and typical process phenomena which occurred during the microfabrication are analyzed and then the corresponding solutions are put forward. 5. A MEMS dynamic testing system which exploit blur image synthetic technique, stroboscopic image matching technique, stroboscopic mirau microscopic interferometry technique and microscopic laser dopper vibrometer technique is set up to measure three-dimension and six-freedom micro motions of any MEMS devices with nanometer resolution.

在对硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的光机电特性系统地理论研究的基础上提出了硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的结构设计准则。3、提出了单轴双梁厚度差分结构、单轴双柔性折叠梁结构、单轴双梁垂直扭转梳齿结构、双轴四梁差动复合微镜结构以及以上四种基本结构组合后的衍生结构等五种工艺加工技术兼容的新型的硅微机械扭转镜光致动器，对器件关键结构薄厚度、高耐疲劳扭转梁进行了局部加强的变形补偿设计，建立了器件的三维实体模型以及两维降阶模型，对提出的新结构硅微机械扭转镜光致动器进行了系统的静力学、动力学、静电场、力电耦合和流体固体耦合的建模仿真与优化设计，同时设计并分析了三种可实现单芯片集成的弹性光纤定位夹紧结构。4、提出了组合体硅微加工技术与表面硅微加工技术、兼容同一套光刻版图、可分别基于SOI 晶片和普通Si 晶片、适应于制造提出的各种新结构单晶硅和多晶硅硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的三套柔性加工工艺流程，开展了一系列重要工艺步骤的单项工艺试验，对工艺流程与工艺参数进行了优化，针对加工过程中出现的具有普遍意义的典型工艺问题进行了讨论和分析，并提出了解决方法。5、创新性地将模糊图像合成技术、频闪图像匹配技术、频闪Mirau 显微干涉技术与显微激光多普勒测振技术有机结合，建立起了一套周期运动测量与瞬态运动测量相结合、单点运动测量与全视场运动测量相结合、满足不同MEMS 器件各种动态测试要求的集成的MEMS 三维六自由度微运动精密测量系统。

In this profile shot of the adidas T-MAC 3 you can see how the TORSION structure is extended up and forward into the forefoot.

图2从这个侧面的照片上我们可以看出adidas T-MAC 3的TORSION抗扭转向前延长到了前掌。

For example, a floor joist may be subjected to loads that cause bending moment and shear as well as torsion.in these situations ,measurement of the inherent strength becomes analytically and experimentally complex,and in many situations cannot be done .

例如，地板龙骨可能受到荷载引起的弯矩和剪力以及torsion.in这种情况下，测量的固有实力和实验解析变得复杂，在许多情况下不能做。

We got auniversal constraint about the 2—torsion invariants of 4—manifold 〓〓(Theorem 3.3.1),using the 〓—moduli space structures of twomanifolds with boundary obtained by splitting X along 〓.

对可沿〓分解的4—流形运用分解得到的两个带边流形的模空间结构得到了这类4—流形的2—torsion不变量的一个万有约束关系（定理3.3.1）。

TORSION'S come out only in the 5 year have been self-identity abroadly ,afterward the France YABANGinternationalization cosmetic study institution come into existence in Hongkong ,meanwhile Hongkong yabang internationalization cosmetic study institution being developed deeply market in Asia and Asian's the skin specialty and demand of the bazaar ,and so , to open up a product that TORSION of contain sweetness essence oil.

TORSION问世不到5年得到了市场的广泛认同，随后雅邦国际化妆品研究机构在香港成立"香港雅邦国际化妆品研究机构"开始大力拓展亚洲市场，并结合亚洲人皮肤特点和市场需求，开发出了饱含非常注重精良选材的芳香精油在内的TORSION透香品牌。

IT is thought the skin have so much member ,but the water's contain to 70％ and for the skin leading in physiology ,so that forn he's water principle theory——he thought ,the skin not better absorb for the effect component and illness or senescence whether it from the skin and the body's others but common qround is the same for the run short of the water in the cell and conjunctive tissue .in his manufacture in 1998 the new name came out and was named ——TORSION .for the technology he make use of the cosmetic ordinary 's drink aqua and lock the water capability when you use it , not only can keeping the skin have plenitudinous moisture,so that the skin deeply suck then using the ordinary cosmetic drink component hillpear mellow molecule deriive 's than hillpear mellowdrink's capability high 1~2 times for β- hillpear mellow.

他认为虽然皮肤有多种成分，但水分却占到了70％，对皮肤的生理肯定起着主导性作用，基于此形成了他的Water principle研究理论。认为皮肤对有效成分的吸收不彻底，以及疾病或衰老，无论它来自皮肤还是身体的其他部位，其共同点都是一样的，那就是在细胞和结缔组织中缺少了水。在他的精心研制下，利用化妆品常用的吸水剂山梨醇分子衍生出比山梨醇吸水剂吸水能力高出1-2倍的β—山梨醇，大大提高了皮肤的补水和锁水能力，使皮肤保持充足的水分，从而使肌肤对化妆品有效成分的吸收更为彻底。通过上万例的化妆品配方应用试验后，此技术于1998年在雅邦国际化妆品研究机构得到了推广，并利用Makinsdi.Dr的研究办公室作为新品的命名—TORSION。

IT is thought the skin have so much member ,but the water's contain to 70% and for the skin leading in physiology ,so that forn he's water principle theory——he thought ,the skin not better absorb for the effect component and illness or senescence whether it from the skin and the body's others but common qround is the same for the run short of the water in the cell and conjunctive tissue .in his manufacture in 1998 the new name come out and naming ——TORSION .for the technology he make use of the cosmetic ordinary 's drink aqua and lock the water capability when you use it ,ont only can keeping the skin have plenitudinous moisture,so that the skin deeply suck then using the ordinary cosmetic drink component hillpear mellow molecule deriive 's than hillpear mellowdrink's capability high 1~2 times for β- hillpear mellow.

他认为虽然皮肤有多种成分，但水分却占到了70%，对皮肤的生理肯定起着主导性作用，基于此形成了他的Water principle研究理论。认为皮肤对有效成分的吸收不彻底，以及疾病或衰老，无论它来自皮肤还是身体的其他部位，其共同点都是一样的，那就是在细胞和结缔组织中缺少了水。在他的精心研制下，利用化妆品常用的吸水剂山梨醇分子衍生出比山梨醇吸水剂吸水能力高出1-2倍的β—山梨醇，大大提高了皮肤的补水和锁水能力，使皮肤保持充足的水分，从而使肌肤对化妆品有效成分的吸收更为彻底。通过上万例的化妆品配方应用试验后，此技术于1998年在法国雅邦国际化妆品研究机构得到了推广，并利用Makinsdi.Dr的研究办公室作为新品的命名—TORSION。

By analyzing the torsion pendulum system's work theory and automatic measuring method, develop a suit of automatic stiffness measuring system for torsion bar, which realize torsion bar's automatic measuring, resolve the difficult in the torsion bar's produce process, improve torsion bar's produce efficient, satisfy torsion bar's passel produce request.

通过对扭摆系统的工作原理和自动测量的方法进行研究，开发了一套扭杆刚度自动测量系统，实现了扭杆刚度的自动测量，解决了扭杆生产中的瓶颈，提高了扭杆的生产效率，满足了扭杆批生产的要求。

Precise measurement of the Newtonian gravitational constant G plays important roles in the fields of the gravitation, geophysics, astrophysics, and cosmology. A torsion balance with timeof-swing method to determine the gravitational constant G is proposed.

Torsion balance ；万有引力常数G的精确测量不仅对于弄清引力相互作用的性质非常重要，而且对于整个理论物理学、地球物理学、天文学和宇宙学等都具有重要意义。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。