查询词典 torsion

The static model of torsion joint is based on that of bending joint. The effects of structure parameters inside air pressure, initial angle, rube average radius, rube shell thickness on the turning angle are analyzed and the following conclusions are drawn: the relationship between the angle of torsion joint and the inside air pressure is basically linear, the angle of torsion joint increases with the initial angle and rube average radius, the angle of torsion joint decreases while the rube shell thickness increases. The kinetic equation is built for torsion joint. Simulating experiment implies that the time of inflating and deflating process is extremely shorter than that of kinetic process. So the pneumatic process can be ignored in actual system design and control. The factors that affect the dynamic features of torsion joint, such as shell thickness of rubber tube, average radius, initial angle, connector's outlet area, moment of inertia and viscous damping coefficient, are analyzed and the following conclusions are drawn: the change of rube shell thickness has no effects on the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure while greatly affects the turning angle of torsion joint; when the rube shell thickness is small, the torsion joint has a bigger turning angle, no overshoot and long risetime, when the shell thickness is big, the turning angle of torsion joint is small, but has high response speed, overshoot and low shock; when the rube average radius increases, the turning angle of torsion joint increases and the overshoot increases too; when the initial angle of torsion joint is big, the turning joint is big, the overshoot is small and shock is low, but the risetime is big; the connector's outlet area affects the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure greatly, but has no effects on the dynamic process of turning angle; moment of inertia and viscous damping coefficient have no effects on the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure, but affect the dynamic process of turning angle greatly.

在弯曲关节模型推导的基础上，建立扭转关节的静态模型，并分析了扭转关节内腔压力，初始转角，橡胶管平均半径，橡胶管壁厚等参数对关节转角的影响，得出扭转关节的转动角度与充入FPA内腔的压缩气体压力之间基本呈线性关系，扭转关节的转角随初始角度和橡胶管平均半径的增大而增大，扭转关节的转角随橡胶管壁厚的增大而减小的结论；建立了扭转关节的动力学方程，仿真实验表明FPA的充放气过程与扭转关节的动力学过程相比时间极短，在实际系统设计和控制过程中可以忽略不计；分析讨论橡胶管壁厚，平均半径，初始角度，气体节流口面积，转动惯量，粘性阻尼系数等因素对扭转关节动态特性的影响，得出橡胶管初始壁厚的变化对扭转关节FPA内腔压力的动态响应几乎没有影响而对关节转角的响应曲线影响比较明显，壁厚较小时，关节可以得到较大的转角，并且转角的响应曲线没有超调，但上升时间长，壁厚较大时，关节转角变小，响应加快，但是有超调和轻微振荡现象，橡胶管平均半径越大，得到的关节转角越大，但是转角响应的超调量也随之增大，FPA的初始角度越大，关节的转角越大，并且超调量减小，振荡减弱，但是上升时间增大，管接头出口面积的大小对关节FPA内腔压力的建立过程影响较大，但对关节转角的动态响应几乎没有影响，转动惯量和粘性阻尼系数对FPA内腔压力的动态过程几乎没有影响而对扭转关节转角有较大影响等结论。

By analyzing the torsion pendulum system's work theory and automatic measuring method, develop a suit of automatic stiffness measuring system for torsion bar, which realize torsion bar's automatic measuring, resolve the difficult in the torsion bar's produce process, improve torsion bar's produce efficient, satisfy torsion bar's passel produce request.

通过对扭摆系统的工作原理和自动测量的方法进行研究，开发了一套扭杆刚度自动测量系统，实现了扭杆刚度的自动测量，解决了扭杆生产中的瓶颈，提高了扭杆的生产效率，满足了扭杆批生产的要求。

Five novel torsion-mirror optical actuators including double-beam thickness differential structure with single torsional axis, double flexible folded-beam structure with single torsional axis, double-beam vertical torsion comb structure with single torsion axis, four-beam differential compound-micromirror structure with double torsional axis and the combined structure of the four basis forms above, are brought forward. All of these devices could be fabricated by the same silicon micromachining process we have developed. The deformation compensation design with local enhancement for the thin torsional beam which is the key structure of these devices is also put forward to improve the reliability. The three-dimension solid model and two-dimension reduced order model of the torsion-mirror optical actuator are established and then the numerical simulations for evaluating the device characteristics of the statics, dynamics, electrostatic field, mechanical and electrostatic coupling, fluid and solid coupling are carried out to optimize the structure design. Furthermore, three optical fibre clamping structures which could be integrated monolithicly are designed and analyzed to improve the optical coupling capability. 4. Three flexible process flows combined with bulk silicon micromachining and surface silicon micromachining are brought forward to fabricate these novel single-crystal silicon or polysilicon torsion-mirror optical actuators by using the same lithography masks for both SOI wafer and regular silicon wafer. A series of important process experiments are carried out to optimize the process parameters and the process flows. Some novel and typical process phenomena which occurred during the microfabrication are analyzed and then the corresponding solutions are put forward. 5. A MEMS dynamic testing system which exploit blur image synthetic technique, stroboscopic image matching technique, stroboscopic mirau microscopic interferometry technique and microscopic laser dopper vibrometer technique is set up to measure three-dimension and six-freedom micro motions of any MEMS devices with nanometer resolution.

在对硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的光机电特性系统地理论研究的基础上提出了硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的结构设计准则。3、提出了单轴双梁厚度差分结构、单轴双柔性折叠梁结构、单轴双梁垂直扭转梳齿结构、双轴四梁差动复合微镜结构以及以上四种基本结构组合后的衍生结构等五种工艺加工技术兼容的新型的硅微机械扭转镜光致动器，对器件关键结构薄厚度、高耐疲劳扭转梁进行了局部加强的变形补偿设计，建立了器件的三维实体模型以及两维降阶模型，对提出的新结构硅微机械扭转镜光致动器进行了系统的静力学、动力学、静电场、力电耦合和流体固体耦合的建模仿真与优化设计，同时设计并分析了三种可实现单芯片集成的弹性光纤定位夹紧结构。4、提出了组合体硅微加工技术与表面硅微加工技术、兼容同一套光刻版图、可分别基于SOI 晶片和普通Si 晶片、适应于制造提出的各种新结构单晶硅和多晶硅硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的三套柔性加工工艺流程，开展了一系列重要工艺步骤的单项工艺试验，对工艺流程与工艺参数进行了优化，针对加工过程中出现的具有普遍意义的典型工艺问题进行了讨论和分析，并提出了解决方法。5、创新性地将模糊图像合成技术、频闪图像匹配技术、频闪Mirau 显微干涉技术与显微激光多普勒测振技术有机结合，建立起了一套周期运动测量与瞬态运动测量相结合、单点运动测量与全视场运动测量相结合、满足不同MEMS 器件各种动态测试要求的集成的MEMS 三维六自由度微运动精密测量系统。

After the torsion wave was discovered in 1978, three brothers of Li Tailai, Li Tailin, and Li Taifeng invented the torsion meter, fully called Li's simulating meter of the torsion wave-caused destruction, In torsion meter, the torsion waves' coming into being, transmission and all the quake-caused destruction cannot only be simulated, but almost all the process of quake-caused destruction can be predicted and simulated.

继1978年发现了扭波，李泰来、李泰临、李泰丰三兄弟 2006年进而又发明了《扭仪》，全称是&李氏地震扭波破坏模拟实验仪&，在《扭仪》上不仅能展现扭波的产生和传播，还可以模拟和预测地震破坏的全过程。

This paper analyzes from the theories and engineering examples to review rationality of the different torsion effect indexes, such as relative torsion effectθr/u, shear force ratioλbetween torsion and translation, eccentric angle of torsion.

本文从理论分析和算例考证两个方面，考查相对扭转效应θr／u、扭转与平动引起的剪力比值λ和楼层偏心扭转角α等不同扭转效应指标的合理性，研究不同指标的影响因素及它们之间的内在联系。

The relationship between inter-story torsion angle and torsion deformation ratio is deduced base on the rule of irregular plan structures in China tall building technical specification. Considering the inter-story ratio limitation of different performance levels under different earthquake hazard levels, a series of torsion angle demand curves are established and a new method named as Torsion Angle Capacity Spectrum is put forward for the PBSD of irregular plan frame structures.

从现行规范对平面不规则结构的限制条件出发，推导出了结构层间扭转角与扭转位移比的关系式，结合框架结构在不同性能水平下的层间侧移角限值，建立了平面不规则框架结构在不同地震作用水平下的扭转角需求曲线，提出了扭转角能力谱法。

Results:compared with the torsion/orchiectomy group,the biochemical parameters and histological grades in the torsion/detorsion group increased in different degrees, and the prognosis status demonstrated by the number of spermatogenic cell associated with the decreased mean diameter of the seminiferous tubule, there are a worse prognoses in the torsion/detorsion group.

与扭转切除组比较，扭转复位组对侧睾丸的mda、il-6值、病理评分等均有不同程度升高，且1周时生精细胞层数结合精细小管直径所示的预后情况亦较差；而各指标在扭转切除组与假手术组的相比中未示明显差异。

The vertical torsion spring laser guide beam arm is designed by analytic method, and the load curve is mapmaked in the permited fluctuation range. A torsion spring curve is designed to match with the VTSLGBA′s feature curve, and the torsion spring design parameter can be confirmed according to the match result.

采用解析法优化设计了立式扭簧激光导光臂，在允许的工作波动范围内绘出导光臂的载荷曲线，然后设计出一条扭簧的扭矩曲线使其与导光臂的载荷曲线相匹配，再根据匹配结果确定扭簧的设计参数。

The introduction of torsion field can be included in a new meaning to the concept of physical vacuum . All kinds of fields (electromagnetic field, gravitational field and torsion field) can be regarded as the behaviors of physical vacuum under different polarized conditions. If one charged particle in vacuum spins to lead to the charge polarization of the vacuum , it takes the form of electric field ; if the move source is mass, by which the spin leads vacuum to the vertical polarization, it takes the form of gravitational field; If the spin is self-spinning to lead vacuum to the horizontal polarization, it takes the form of torsion field.

挠场的引入从最基本的层次上可以纳入对物理真空这一概念的新的理解上；各种场都可以看作为物理真空在不同极化条件下的表现；如果一个带电粒子存在于真空，作为一种挠动，使物理真空被电荷极化，就表现为电场；如果这种挠动源是质量，物理真空在质量的挠动下引起真空的自旋纵向极化，就表现为引力场；如果这种挠动是由于物体的自旋引起的，那么，真空被横向极化，就表现为挠场。

This method use positive feedback control to let torsion bar self-excitation, then by measuring torsion pendulum system's nature frequency to calculate torsion bar's stiffness.

针对扭杆刚度的测量，提出了一种全新的动态测量方法─—自激动力微摆法：该方法采用正反馈使扭杆自激，通过测量扭杆扭摆系统的固有频率来计算扭杆的刚度。

Finally it offers the analysis of the fault-tolerance system as well as its test verification.

这样，运行于空间环境中的系统的设计目标就是在保证系统实时性

However, it is still difficult to find out the real reason of the increase of the keratinized gingiva during the orthodontic extrusion whether it is due to the proliferation of the gingival tissue or to its elastic nature, that is because the proliferation of the fibroblasts as well as the connective tissue changes in volume and the intra-fibers spaces were all immeasurable in most of the studies.

然而，仍然难以找到真正的原因增加的角化牙龈在正畸挤压它是否是由于扩散的牙龈组织或其弹性性质，这是因为增殖的成纤维细胞以及作为结缔组织的变化量和内部纤维空格都是不可估量的，大多数的研究。