查询词典 topographic

The author advanced the elements of the geographic analysis techniques based on gridly DEM, which consists of the definition of ground surface topographic structure, the characteristic definition of combinatorial topographic units, analysis methods and algorithm design.

提出了基于栅格DEM的地学分析技术的组成部分，包括：地表特征形态结构定义、地理单元的组合特征定义、分析方法和算法设计；提出了形态特征分析和溢流分析相结合的方法来，剖面线集综合分析方法等新方法和新算法。

As a special plan, it is highly summarized the basis for mapping the city's main achievements in recent years, pointing out the current development trend of the information age, and from the organization, financial, technical, security and other aspects of proposed safeguards, in order to Hebi City the completion of the socialist market economic system and practical basis for mapping the local management system and operational mechanism to achieve 1:5000 digital topographic map of the city's coverage, 1:2000,1:1000 and 1:500 scale digital topographic map series covering the key areas and the current trend of dynamic, fast updates, and built municipal basic geographic information and data systems and their transmission network system, and build e-government improve the Hebi City-based natural resources and spatial geographic information database, to build "digital Hebi" geo-spatial information infrastructure framework, and can basically meet the economic and social development of basic surveying and mapping needs of protection and support.

作为专项规划，它高度总结了该市基础测绘工作近年来所取得的主要成就，指明了当今信息化时代的发展趋势，并从组织、财力、技术、安全等方面提出了保障措施，为鹤壁市建成适应社会主义市场经济体制和本地实际的基础测绘管理体制和运行机制，实现1：5000数字化地形图的全市覆盖，1：2000、1：1000及1：500数字化系列比例尺地形图的重点区域覆盖和现势性动态快速更新，建成市级基础地理信息数据体系及其传输网络体系，建成完善鹤壁市电子政务自然资源与空间地理基础信息库，构建"数字鹤壁"地理空间信息基础框架，以及基本满足国民经济和社会发展对基础测绘的需求提供了保障和支撑。

An inhomogeneous Benjamin-Davis-Ono-Burgers equation including topographic forcing and turbulent dissipation is derived in terms of the quasi-geostrophic vorticity equation, an approximate analytic solution of the BDO-Burgers equation with a small dissipation is obtained, the time variations of mass and energy of the algebraic solitary waves are discussed, and finally, the forced BDO-Burgers equation is integrated numerically and the numerical solutions are given for a given basic flow with a weak shear and a localized topographic forcing.

利用包括地形外源和湍流耗散的准地转涡度方程导出了包含强迫项和湍流耗散项的非齐次强迫BDO-Burgers方程，求出了小耗散存在情况下BDO-Burgers方程的近似解析解，讨论了代数孤立波的质量和能量的守恒关系，最后，对给定的弱切变基本气流和局地地形强迫，数值积分强迫BDO-Burgers方程，求得了不同参数下的数值解。

Constrained by the triangle constraint integrated with the conventional epipolar geometric constraint, the local continuity constraint is enforced by changing the constraint areas dynamically according to the local texture density. 3 The topographic structure extraction and analysis based on grid DEMs are investigated in this dissertation, the topographic structure extraction approach fills depressions by adopting vector processes combined with traditional neighborhood raster processes, assigns flow direction over flat by applying a neighbor-grouping scan method.

2提出了一种基于核线影像对和良好匹配点三角形局部连续性约束和顺序约束下的影像匹配方法，该方法利用已知良好匹配点在Delaunay TIN的约束下进行纹理自适应的匹配传播，同时利用新的匹配点对Delaunay TIN进行动态细化使得局部几何约束区域的大小自动适应影像纹理特征的变化，从而得到更加可靠的影像匹配结果。

the digitized mapping technique is to combine the field data collection system with the computer assisted mapping system in surveys by computer technology.it aims to realize the information collected and processed digitally and automaticaity.the digitized mapping technique can cut short the working time,lighten the labor intensity and enhance the precision of the productions.the system consists of three parts,such as data input,data processing and data output.the survey-record digitized mapping technique is widely used in the digitized mapping working pattern.for its superiority over traditional plane-table mapping in accuracy and efficiency,the large scale digital mapping is becoming more and more popular.compared with traditional analogue mapping,digital mapping has more quality control pivotai points,and its contents and methods are more complex.with the appearance of new technology gps ,the coordinate of different levels controlling points may be surveyed in high precision and it has been applied widely in topographic survey.the operation process of gps electronic tachometer is introduced and its application in topographic survey is br

计算机应用论文，计算机论文， rtk ，全站仪，数字测图，地形测量， gps论文摘要：数字测图是在测量工作中利用电子计算机技术将野外数据采集系统与内业机助制图系统相结合，其目标是实现信息采集处理的数字化、自动化、信息化。数字测图可以缩短作业时间，减轻劳动强度，提高成果精度。数字测图系统主要由数据输入、数据处理和数据输出3部分组成，数字测图作业模式中测记式数字测图应用最为广泛。大比例尺数字测图正以其测图精度高，成图速度快等优势逐步的取代传统的，以平板仪为主的模拟测图。与传统的模拟测图相比，数字测图的质量控制关键点更多、内容与方法更为复杂。gps 新技术的出现，可以高精度并快速地测定各级控制点的坐标，在地形测量中已得到广泛地应用。本文介绍了gps 配合全站仪的作业流程，简要阐明了其在地形测量中的应用。在利用实测数据成图的过程中，解决一些常见的问题，并给出解决的办法及依据，同时给出一些有益的结论，以适应实际使用的需要。

In traditional reservoir capacity calculation, a planimeter is used to obtain a reservoir capacity from topographic maps and large scale topographic maps are needed if high accuracy is required.

传统的库容计算方法是在已有的地形图上采用求积仪法进行，当精度要求较高时，需到现场实测更大比例尺的地形图。

By analyzing the correlativities between the seismic record and the surface structure, it was confirmed in this paper to be a coincidence relation between the topographic feature and the surface structure of HJQ. For the reliableness of the refraction statics, the policy of the first arrival pickup and the initial model setup should be adapted to the various topographic features in the use of this technique.

本文通过对杭锦旗地区特殊地貌与地震记录初至及表层结构的对应关系分析，认为杭锦锦地区地貌与表层结构有一定的对应关系，在折射静校正处理中应针对不同地貌特征建立初至拾取原则和构建初始模型，以确保折射静校正结果的准确可靠。

Referenced sub-drainage basins were selected in the upper reaches of the Madao main river way, and topographic parameters were obtained using software of River Tools in each sub-drainage. Monthly runoff simulations were then applied to them with the same parameters as Madao catchment, the responses of runoff simulation to topographic parameters were studied, and the Normalization of Runoff-total Length Index were presented. Analyses indicate that NRLI is influenced by source density. NRLI fluctuates tempestuously as source density decreases sharply.

在此基础上从马道出水站点沿主河道往上游再选取6个控制点，运用River Tools软件提取出各个控制点控制流域和地形参数，分析参数变化情况，并在此基础上用前面率定好的参数来模拟各个控制点处的出口流量，分析径流对地形参数变化的响应关系，并提出了归一化径流－河道总长比指数。

We must calculate their topographic indices in order to get their topographic index frequency distributions.

为了得到它们的地形指数频率分布，需计算它们的地形指数。

Based on DEM data of different development periods of a indoor watershed model obtained from the integration of artificial simulated rainfall experiment and high accuracy digital photogrammetry technique, the fractal dimensions of topographic feature under different development periods of the indoor watershed model based on variation method were calculated and the relationships between watershed topographic feature fractal dimension and topographic factors such as watershed gully density as well as ground lacerative degree was discussed preliminarily.

以室内流域模型人工模拟降雨试验和高精度摄影测量获得的模型流域不同发育时段的数字高程模型数据为基础，采用变分法计算了流域地貌形态分形维数，并对分形维数与地貌因子沟谷密度和地面割裂度的关系进行初步探讨。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷