查询词典 to a fault

In order to solve the fault location problem, this paper analyzes the electric structure of automatic blocking and continuous power transmission line, investigating the transient characteristics of traveling waves generated by different fault in the lines on the basis of traveling wave theory. The results show that transient process of earth fault and short fault in neutral noneffective grounding systems produce aerial mode component of traveling waves with steadyparameters.

为了解决自闭/贯通线路故障自动定位问题，分析了自闭/贯通线路电气结构的特殊性，以行波理论为基础研究了接地故障和相间短路故障产生的暂态电压、电流行波特征，发现接地故障和相间短路故障都存在参数比较稳定的行波线模分量。

As for coseismic deformation of Chi-Chi earthquake, the footwall of Chelungpu Fault moved southeastwards 0.3-1.5 m, and the value was increasing toward the fault; the hanging wall moved northwestwards 1.4-7.0 m, but the value was smaller south of the Choshui River. After the Chi-Chi earthquake, the hanging wall of Chelungpu Fault was still moving west-northwestwards and kept uplifting, while the footwall gradually changed direction from ESE to WSW or even WNW, clockwise resuming to inter-seismic deformation pattern. It is interesting to notice that despite the largest coseismic deformation in the northernmost segment of Chelungpu Fault, the post-seismic deformation peaked around the epicenter of Chi-Chi earthquake.

集集地震之同震变形，在车笼埔断层下盘向东南方向位移0.30~1.5 m，且越靠近断层位移量越大；车笼埔断层上盘则向西北方向大幅位移约1.4~7.0 m，浊水溪以南的位移量较小；集集地震以后之震后变形型态，以车笼埔断层为分界，上盘在震后向西北西方向位移的型态仍与同震时相同，下盘由同震时一致性的向东南东方向，逐步向西北西或西南西方向位移，亦即在车笼埔断层下盘有逐步依顺时针方向回归至震间的滑移型态；另就位移速率而言，虽然同震变形最大地区在车笼埔断层北端，但其震后的变形量最大地区，却集中於震央位置附近；就地震循环而言，震后的6年期间仍处於地层压密重整阶段，尚未回归至该区震间阶段的位移状态。

ABSTRACT In this dissertation, fault-tolerance of redundant manipulators is thoroughly investigated. First, inherent relationship between the dexterity and fault-tolerance of single-redundancy manipulator is discussed. Both the manipulability and the relative manipulability are utilized for measuring the kinematic fault-tolerance of the manipulator with one joint failure. Furthermore, the relative manipulability is used for measuring dexterity loss resulted by one joint failure, and the relationship between the fault-tolerance measurement and null space vector of Jacobian matrix is established.

本文对冗余自由度机器人的答错性问题进行了深入的分析和迭付：首先研究了单冗余度机器人运动学灵活性与容错性之间的内在关系，提出以故障构形的可操作度和相对可操作度来度量机器人的运动学容错性，用相对可操作度来度量关节故障给机器人操作灵巧性造成的损失，并建立了容错性度量指标与Jacobian矩阵零空间向量之间的关系。

In the case of transient fault, the difference is minute because the fault model is consistent with the prototype, but for the permanent fault, the difference is notable, the fault model does not coincide with the prototype. Moreover, the developed algorithm is simple and only uses one-terminal data.

瞬时性故障情况下，故障模型与求解模型一致，电感求解值与实际值差异很小；永久性故障情况下，故障模型与求解模型不一致，电感求解值与实际值差异明显。

However, the faults of the Condensation Equipment have pilosity nature, uncertainty and disguise which make difficulties for fault diagnosis of the Condensation Equipment. The fault sign and the fault reason of the Condensation Equipment have complex non-linear mapping relations, therefore it can not use simple model to describe. This has brought the puzzle for the classic fault diagnosis theory.

但是，凝汽设备的故障具有多发性、不确定性等特点，而且故障征兆与故障原因之间存在着复杂的非线性映射关系，很难建立合适的模型，因此运用经典故障诊断技术难以解决其诊断问题。

However, the ocular of hydraulic systems working condition is bad. It is difficult to obtain the parameter of hydraulic system. The fault of hydraulic system has pilosity nature, uncertainty and disguise. The fault sign and the fault reason of hydraulic system have complex non-linear mapping relations, therefore it cannot use the simple functional relation to describe. This has brought the difficulty for the classics fault diagnosis technology. The intelligent diagnosis technology base on ANN and ES can solove the above problem well and the diagnosis result is more accurate and reliable.

但是，液压系统工作状况直观性差，参数不易获取，故障具有多发性、不确定性和隐蔽性；液压系统故障征兆与故障原因之间存在复杂的非线性映射关系，不能用简单的函数关系来描述，给经典故障诊断技术带来了困难，而基于神经网络和专家系统的智能诊断技术很好的解决了上述问题，使诊断结果更加准确可靠。

Integrating C-type of traveling wave location method with AC signal injection method, a compositive location method for single-phase earth fault in 35kV distribution network is proposed, in which firstly the fault is presumedly located by C-type of traveling wave location method to preliminarily determine the position where fault occurs; then the fault is accurately located by AC signal injection method.

基于C型行波法和交流信号注入法提出35 kV配电网单相接地故障的综合定位方法：首先采用C型行波法进行初步定位，确定故障距离和故障所在区段，然后用交流信号注入法进行精确定位。

In the paper, the importance of FTA is described, the quantitative analysis method of the FTA is introduced in detail. Then the paper takes a vehicle control system as the research object, expatiates the forming of the CPU board fault tree, the establishing of the mean event fault tree and the obtaining of the mean event fault probability, and realizes the element level fault orientation on the CPU board of the vehicle control system. The test indicates that the method is both valid and correct.

文章在介绍故障树分析法重要性的基础上，较详细地介绍了FTA的定量分析法，并以某车辆控制系统为研究对象，从CPU板故障树的构建、各中间事件故障树的建立和各子事件故障概率等方面出发，实现了车辆控制系统CPU板元件级的故障定位，实验表明了该方法的有效性和正确性。

The maximum run-out distance is 3200m. The three cases are studied from the Niuquangou rockslide-debris flow at the south west segment of the main seismic fault, the Chengxi rockslide at the middle segment of the main seismic fault and the Donghekou rockslide-debris flow at the north east segment of the main seismic fault.The three cases illustrates following common characteristics:(1)parent rockmass is broken under long geologic processing and weathered;(2) Rockmass was separately expanded and thrown under long-period strong ground vibration in which the vertical motion was predominant along the main seismic fault;(3)sliding mass was crashed at the exiting zone and transferred to fragment material;(4) The secondary landslide was triggered underneath the exiting zone due to the powerful crashing and shaving processes that provides more mass to debris body and cushion shape;(5) The a long run-out distance fragment flow is occurred under air layer lubrication. The air layer was pressed and turbulently flowed in the narrow-shaped valley, or laminarly flowed in the extensive flatland.

本文重点解剖了位于地震破裂带南西段的汶川映秀牛圈沟滑坡-碎屑流、位于地震破裂带中段的北川城西滑坡和位于地震破裂带北东段青川东河口滑坡-碎屑流3个典型实例，认为具有如下特征：1）岩性条件：母岩遭受长期构造动力作用，呈碎裂岩体，后期被强烈风化，岩体极为破碎；(2）抛掷效应：位于汶川地震主断裂带或附近，垂直加速度大于水平加速度，强地面运动持时长，岩体发生振胀和抛掷；3）碰撞效应：上部滑坡体发生高位剪出和高位撞击，致使岩体碎屑化；(4）铲刮效应：撞击作用导致下部山体被铲刮，形成次级滑坡，为碎屑流体提供了足够展翼和抛洒物源体积；5）气垫效应：碎屑化岩体快速抛掷导致下部沟谷空气迅速谷状圈闭和向下紊流，形成气垫效应，或者，在下部地形开阔地带压缩空气呈层流状态致使滑体凌空飞行。

Furthermore, this model is expanded in two aspects: on the one hand, through the introduction of the theory of the Fault Tree, this thesis analyzes the difference between the fault-diagnosis in the recovering flow and that in the traditional flow, thus concluding that the fault-diagnosis in the recovering flow is just a tracing-back process of the directed-graph and the Fault Tree; on the other hand, a finite self-restoring state machine is constructed on the directed-graph model, thus providing the theoretical basis for the realization of the auto-recovery model.

随后在两个方面对该模型进行了扩展：1。通过引入故障树的方法，并在分析了恢复流程故障诊断与传统故障诊断的差异之后，总结出恢复流程的故障诊断就是一个基于有向图和故障树进行回溯的过程；2。基于有向图模型建立了一个有穷自动状态机，为自动恢复与模型的实现提供了理论基础。

The work of this paper is as follows: 1. Looking back the progressing history of the linear motor, introducing the features of the elevator driven by linear induction motor, radicating the topic of this paper "the digital frequency variable control of the elevator bi-side direct driven by linear induction motor". The research of this paper covers the conventional VVVF control, space vector based VVVF control, vector control and DTC.

本文主要开展了以下几个方面的工作： 1 回顾了直线电机发展历史，电机的驱动技术演变，特别是针对直线电机的驱动，简要介绍了直线感应电机驱动电梯的优点和不同结构类型，对传统的v／f控制，基于空间矢量法的v／f控制，矢量控制，和基于电压空间矢量的直接转矩控制进行了比较，确立了本课题的研究主题：直线感应电机双边直推式驱动电梯的全数字变频控制。

The article combines with the treatment of a superficial civil air defense work to introduce how the grouting method to improve the performance of the backfill soil.

文章从治理漂浮人防工事的角度提出了注浆技术在改善回填土性质方面的应用，并详细阐述了注浆技术的施工流程。