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Alan Colman, CEO of ES Cell International Pte Ltd in Singapore, wonders whether they might deteriorate in quality over time, a characteristic of sperm cells.

新加坡 ES Cell International 私人有限公司首席执行官艾伦·科尔曼在想：它们的质量是否会随时间推移而下降？而这正是精子细胞的一个特点。

Quiescent RASMCs were incubated respectively in 10% FBS DMEM as control group, 10% FBS DMEM supplemented with 0.1% dimethyl sulfide as vehicle group and 10% FBS DMEM supplemented with panaxynol(at concentration of 1,3,9×10-6 mol·L-1) as panaxynol groups. 1. Cell counting and double time. Cell viability was examined with trypan blue exclusion test and the cell number was counted at 0, 24, 48, 72h after the incubation using a hemocytometer.

实验中细胞分成如下几个处理组：①正常对照组：含10％FBS的培养液；②溶剂对照组：0.1％DMSO；③药物处理组：panaxynol 1、3、9×10-6 mol·L-1组。1、细胞计数及倍增时间测定：于接种并同步化后处理0、24、48、72h，用血细胞计数板计算活细胞数量，绘制生长曲线并计算细胞倍增时间。

The stem was cut into several segments away from the pine seeding, arranged and collected in the order of chronology time and distance from where they were inoculated. To separate B.xylophilus coarsely out from the stems and made them into paraffin slices. And be observed under the potics microscope by dyed with safranin-fast green contrast-stain method and PI fluorescence stain method. In order to find out how about the nematode rigour distributing , but also ebb and flow of their amounts after invading the host pine seeding. Seek the pathological changing orderliness of host cells in different position along with the remotion of nematodes. By deeply analysing the variety of host cell nucleolus to estimate whether the host cell took place the programmed cell death after inoculated B.xylophilus.

按时间进程和与接种点上下距离的远近，对松苗分茎段进行粗分离和制作成石蜡切片，分别用番红-固绿双重染色法和碘化丙锭荧光染色法在光学显微镜下观察，以了解线虫侵染后在寄主体内的准确分布和数量的消长，寻找随着线虫的移动扩散，寄主不同部位细胞病变的数量、速度发生的变化规律，并进一步通过分析其细胞核的变化来判定松材线虫侵染后是否能诱发寄主细胞发生程序性死亡(programmed cell death，PCD)。

The previous study by the same group, which found an increased risk, was reported several years ago in Epidemiology (2001;12:7-12). It involved only 118 cases and used a crude exposure assessment, focusing on use of cell phones while at work."At that time, cell-phone technology was not very widespread in Germany, and so that was a very different scenario, compared to nowadays," Dr. Stang commented.

同样的研究者们在几年前於流行病学期刊（2001； 12：7-12）报告风险是增加的，当时的这项研究只收纳了118个病例，且使用较为简陋的风险暴露，评估於工作时使用行动电话的影响；Stang医师评论，当时行动电话科技在德国非常普遍，所以相较於目前的研究，是非常不同的场景。

The expression profiles analysis of 25 genes belonging to 8 types in different development periods of Y35 somatic embry showed, genes involved in transcription, signal transduction, cell fate, substance transport, cell and development regulation were active at early and middle stages of somatic embryogenesis, while at the stage of cotyledonary embryo maturation, the high level-expressed genes were mainly those related to storage protein, maturation and defense.

通过半定量和Real-Time PCR技术，对WRKY和MAPKK等8类25个差异表达基因在Y35体细胞胚不同发育时期的表达分析显示，转录、信号转导、细胞生长分裂、细胞命运、物质转运和多数发育调节相关基因在体细胞胚胎发生的早期或中期比较活跃，而进入子叶胚成熟后期则主要是储藏蛋白、成熟和防御相关基因大量表达。

The time of cornea diabrosis, metastases into cervical lymph nodes and lung, survival time and ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood were observed.RESULTS: The time of cornea diabrosis in GTVC group or GTV group was later than that in PBS group, but no statistical difference between GTVC group and GTV group. Metastatic incidence in cervical lymph nodes of GTVC group mice or GTV group mice was lower than that in PBS group 18 days after the model had been established. There was no statistical difference in metastatic incidence between GTV group and GTVC group.

将荷瘤模型鼠分为磷酸盐缓冲液（phosphatebuffered saline，PBS）治疗组，IL12基因修饰肿瘤细胞疫苗（gene modified tumor cell vaccine， GTV）治疗组及GTV 联合CpGODN治疗组；鼠荷瘤模型建立后的第3d及第10d分别在各组鼠结膜下注射30μL PBS，30μL（3.0×106个细胞）灭活的GTV及含20μg CpGODN灭活的GTV，进行角膜溃破时间、淋巴结和肺部转移瘤发生率、生存时间及外周血CD4＋和CD8＋T细胞比例的观测。

And (1O2) appearance. The lightening rule of the coelomocyte phagocytize yeast were curve with unimodal time by time retarting in proper condition. In different conditions, such as when pH reached 6.81, the chemiluminescence was most obviously, also when the yeast suspension concentration was 1.00×10^7 cell/ml.

在适宜条件下，体腔细胞吞噬酵母的化学发光规律随时间移动为一条有单峰值的曲线；在不同环境条件下，pH=6.81时，化学发光最明显；在外界诱导物利激下，酵母悬液浓度为1.00×10^7 cell/mL时，化学发光最明显。

At last,we realized the photoelectric display properties of photopolymer in OCB cell via the measure of coincided curve of respond time and transmittancy against voltage .

经由响应时间、透光对电压曲线的测，了解光聚合高分子在OCB Cell中的光电特性。

Results Using different concentrations of 5fluorouracil to deal with A549 cells, with the increase in drug concentration and treatment time,cell survival rate decreased significantly;and low concentration of 5fluorouracil induced the cell spread and increased vacuolization within the cytoplasm, acridine orange staining showed an increase in acidic vesicles,high concentration made the cell round and cell apoptosis.

结果不同浓度的5氟尿嘧啶处理A549细胞，随着药物浓度的增加和处理时间的延长，细胞存活率明显下降；且低浓度使细胞呈铺展状态，细胞质内空泡增多，吖啶橙染色显示酸性膜泡增多，高浓度使细胞变圆，出现凋亡状态。

This paper introduces the studies of the ultra-short Thomson scattering X-ray source at the accelerator laboratory of Tsinghua University in recent years. Properties such as the photon yield,the pulse length and time jitter of the produced photon pulse were predicted theoretically from the parameters of the electron bunch and the laser pulse,and the scattering angle. Preliminary experiments were successfully carried out with a 16 MeV backward-traveling-wave accelerator and the ns-Q switched laser provided by China Academy of Engineering Physics. This paper also introduces the 1.6-cell electron gun that was fabricated on site and the experiment with high RF power including the measurement of the electron bunche parameters. Based on these,we have designed an X-ray source,which is now under construction.

介绍了清华大学加速器实验室近年来关于汤姆逊散射超短X射线源的研究工作；研究了在任意散射角度下电子束参数和激光束参数对散射光子参数的影响，给出了散射光子的参数如光子产额、脉冲长度、时间抖动等与电子束参数、激光束参数和散射角度的关系；利用实验室已有的16 MeV反波行波加速器与中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心提供的ns调Q激光搭建了汤姆逊散射初步实验平台并开展了实验研究；加工了1.6-cell光阴极微波电子枪，搭建了高功率实验平台，对产生的电子束参数进行了初步测量；对汤姆逊散射超短X射线源进行了设计并开展了相关的平台建设工作，对产生的X射线脉冲参数进行了模拟。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。