查询词典 threshold exposure

Giving two equal-intense stimuli which is higher than the threshold stimulus and whose intervals are longer than the single twich period, two independent contracting curve can be observed. Giving two equal-intense stimuli which is higher than the threshold stimulus and whose intervals are longer than the refractory period, an additive-contracting curve can be observed. Giving several equal-intense stimuli which is higher than the threshold stimulus, tetanus curve can be observed.

当给予两个等强度的阈上刺激，且刺激的间隔大于单收缩的时程，在计算机中可以观察到两个独立的收缩曲线；当给予两个等强度的阈上刺激，且刺激的间隔小于单收缩的时程而大于不应期，在计算机中可以观察到两个收缩曲线的叠加，称为收缩的总和；当给予若干个等强度的阈上刺激，在计算机中就可以观察到强直收缩曲线。

After hot carrier stress, devices were evaluated by using positive bias temperature instability test. With different trends in the time evolution of threshold voltage shift and sub-threshold swing degradation, it is found that electron trapping in the HfO2 is the major reason for the threshold voltage variation. Compared to control devices, devices with fluorine and nitrogen exhibit good passivation at the interface. Devices were measured at an elevated temperature.

在热载子效应后，接著进行正偏压温度不稳定的量测方法，从随时间变动的临界电压以及次临界摆幅，发现临界电压的变动趋势与临界摆幅变动趋势不符合，表示二氧化铪的原生缺陷补捉是造成临界电压变动的主因，而临界摆幅的变动也可得知有氟，氮处理元件具有比较好的介面可靠度。

And a new method determining threshold velocity is proposed. The threshold velocity determining by this method agrees with that by empirical results. Also the relation of the threshold velocity and frequency of explosion is analyzed.

在此基础上提出了一种确定安全速度阈值的方法，并确定了爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿采场岩质边坡的安全速度阈值，分析了安全速度阈值同爆破荷载频率之间的关系。

In order to conquer the threshold method's shortages,the threshold function is further improved through the simulation of channel's noise based on the translation invariant wavelet,which makes the threshold...

为了克服阈值法的不足，在平移不变量小波阈值去噪法的基础上，通过仿真低压电力线信道噪声，对阈值函数进一步改进，使阈值的变化与噪声的小波变换随尺度的变化特性相一致。

In this dissertation, InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP MQW microdisk laser and its characterization were presented. Some conclusions are as following: the characteristics of lasing threshold was discussed by using rate equation. The dependent relations between threshold and cavity volume, spontaneous emission coupling efficiency β were investigated. The whispering gallery mode and spontaneous emission in a microdisk geometry were then studied. Almost all spontaneous emission was coupled into the lowest order TE mode when the normalized thickness of photonics well was between 0.15 and 0.5. The design principle and device process of InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP MQW microdisk laser were presented. The microdisk lasers with the diameter of 8μm, 4. 5μm and 2μm were succesfully fabricated by using etching techniques. The pulse lasing thresholds for the microdisk with the diameter of 8μm and 4. 5μm were 170μW and 15μW, a record results compared with the published in the literature. The cw lasing threshold for a 2-μm-diameter microdisk was only a few μW. We haven't found similar report up to now. To solve the problem of directional output in a microdisk laser, the power coupling efficiency in a double disk geometry was investigated with the theory of waveguide mode couple. A new structure of electrically pumped microdisk laser with output waveguide was designed, making a foundation for the practical use of microdisk laser.

本文主要研究InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP多量子阱半导体碟型激光器的研制和特性表征，并取得如下结果：利用速率方程理论讨论了激光器激射阈值的特性，分析了阈值与腔体积和自发发射耦合系数β之间的关系；讨论了微碟光子阱结构中的自发发射特性和微碟中WGM模式特性；光子阱结构在其归一化厚度在0.15-0.5之间时，几乎全部自发发射进入到最低阶TE模式中；研究了InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP多量子阱微碟激光器的结构设计原理和器件的制备工艺；利用刻蚀方法成功制备出直径分别为8μm、4.5μm、2μm的碟型微腔激光器；直径8μm和4.5μm的微碟脉冲光泵浦激射阈值分别为170μW、15μW，是目前所见文献报导中比较低的；直径2μm的微碟连续光泵浦激射阈值仅几μW，目前尚未见到达到类似结果的研究报导；为解决微碟激光器激射光定向引出的问题，通过波导耦合模理论分析了双层碟之间功率耦合效率；据此设计了新型带耦合输出波导的电泵浦微腔激光器，为进一步研制可实用的电泵浦微腔激光器打下基础。

The algorithm smooths the gray histogram of the test image with Harr wavelet to remove the "pseudo valley", and fixes a range of the threshold according to the prior information in the standard image, and then finds out the valley of the histogram in the range and that is the threshold. The ex perimental results show that the preprocess algorithm is able to obtain a satisfactory threshold for the binarization of the test image.

该方法使用Harr小波对待测图像的灰度直方图进行平滑处理来消除其中的&伪谷值点&，再充分利用标准图像的先验信息来确定一个二值化分割阈值的大致范围，最后在这个范围内找到直方图的谷值，这即是所需的阈值。

This threshold function has not only overcome incontinuous disadvantage of the hard threshold function, but also solved constant deviation which exists in the soft threshold function, meanwhile the new function needn't selecting parameters.

该阈值函数克服了硬阈值函数值不连续的问题和软阈值函数存在恒定偏差的问题，同时新函数不需要进行参数选择。

Based on having read a great deal of literatures about economic threshold, the authors pointed out the necessity and importance for applying the method of economic threshold in the studies of Phyllostachys pubescens ecosystem in this paper, and the authors also put forward the concept of economic threshold of Phyllostachys pubescens ecosystem and its research frame and some problems which should be pay attention to.

摘 要：在阅读大量有关经济阈值研究文献的基础上，创新地把经济阈值与毛竹林的科学研究结合起来，指出在毛竹林生态系统研究中，应用经济阈值研究手段与方法的必要性和重要性，并提出毛竹林生态系统经济阈值的概念、研究框架及其注意的一些问题，为毛竹林优化经营和丰产培育提供新的思路与技术。

Methods Somatosensory perception threshold, pain perception threshold and the relative pain perception threshold were assessed in 40 patients with chronic low back pain, compared with the findings in a control group and related to the psychopathological state evaluated by means of the Hamilton Depression Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety In-ventory.

比较40例慢性腰腿痛病人与40例正常对照组的躯体感觉阈、痛觉阈及相对痛觉阈，同时对病人组评定汉密顿抑郁量表及状态－特质焦虑量表。

The article first theoretically analyzes the principle that microcavity reduces threshold 、changes resonant modes of output light and enhances unidirection of the random laser.Then study the structure parameters of different microcavity by transfer matrix.Based on the theory of Maxwell equations and the rate equations, analyze the principle that microcavity reduces the threshold by FDTD method: Changing the confined position,reducing relaxation time and increasing reversing particles, also simultaneously study the influences of the threshold and output light modes by different microcavities and random intensity of random medium.

首先从理论上分析了利用微腔降低随机激光器阈值、改变出射光振荡模式、提高出射光准直性的原理，然后利用传输矩阵法模拟研究了不同的微腔应具有的结构参数，最后以麦克斯韦方程和速率方程理论为基础，利用时域有限差分法分析了利用微腔降低阈值的原理：改变局域化位置、缩短弛豫时间及增大粒子数反转，同时也模拟研究了微腔、随机介质的随机强度对阈值及出射光波模式的影响。

Although translator has turned from being a crystal ball by which the original culture can unrestrainedly penetrate to another crystal ball by which the target culture can freely traverse, the translator's personal embodiment, in the process of cognitive act, are still absent in translation studies. Translators are still subjects without body or simply disembodied subjects.

译者虽然由原语文化可以自由穿透的玻璃球变成了译语文化可以自由穿越的玻璃球，但译者认知过程中的个体体验在翻译研究中依然缺席，译者依然仅仅是一个没有躯体体验的主体。

Chillingly, he claimed our technology is 'not nearly as sophisticated' as theirs and "had they been hostile", he warned 'we would be been gone by now'.

令人毛骨悚然的，他声称我们的技术是'并不那么复杂，像他们一样，和"如果他们敌意"，他警告说，'我们将现在已经过去了。