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The forward kinematics is analyzed by choosing one of the mechanisms which have one, two,three or zero angle constraint.Wherein,3-CCC is a new parallel mechanism which has three angle constraints and three distance constraints, Calay\'s formular and direction cosine matrix are used to describe the rotation matrix respectively.By setting Dixon\'s and Sylvester\'s resultant with the three angle constraint equations respectively and using parameters replacement to deal with the distance constraint equations,the 64 order input-output equation of the forward kinematics is obtained under both of the methods.Numerical example confirms these theretical results and the motion simulation is shown in VC++ by integrating OpenGL.

3对高小山提出的广义并联机构进行了研究，以其中具有角度约束的并联机构进行了分析，选取具有一个、两个、三个和零个角度约束类型中各一个机构进行了运动学正解求解，其中3-CCC是一种全部由圆柱副构成的具有三个线线角度和三个距离约束的新型并联机构，文中分别用Calay公式和方向余弦两种旋转矩阵建模方法对其位置正解进行了分析，通过对三个角度约束方程分别构造Dixon结式和Sylvester结式，以及对三个距离约束方程进行变量代换分别导出了位置正解输入输(来源：4040ABC论文网www.abclunwen.com)出方程，得出64组位置正解，并使用数值算例验证了其全部根。

Record ways presented by grade four students in test question five (Divide three-digit by three-digit, can get one-digit and a three-digit, which is an inclusion division with reminder question) and test question 7 (Divide two-digit by three-digit, can get one-digit and a two-digit, which is a halved division with remainder question) of the written information are the least.

所呈现的109种记录方式为最多；四年级学童在笔试资料的第5题（三位数÷三位数＝一位数…三位数，有余数的包含除问题。）及第7题（三位数÷二位数＝一位数…二位数，有余数的等分除问题。）所呈现的29种记录方式为最少。

Five novel torsion-mirror optical actuators including double-beam thickness differential structure with single torsional axis, double flexible folded-beam structure with single torsional axis, double-beam vertical torsion comb structure with single torsion axis, four-beam differential compound-micromirror structure with double torsional axis and the combined structure of the four basis forms above, are brought forward. All of these devices could be fabricated by the same silicon micromachining process we have developed. The deformation compensation design with local enhancement for the thin torsional beam which is the key structure of these devices is also put forward to improve the reliability. The three-dimension solid model and two-dimension reduced order model of the torsion-mirror optical actuator are established and then the numerical simulations for evaluating the device characteristics of the statics, dynamics, electrostatic field, mechanical and electrostatic coupling, fluid and solid coupling are carried out to optimize the structure design. Furthermore, three optical fibre clamping structures which could be integrated monolithicly are designed and analyzed to improve the optical coupling capability. 4. Three flexible process flows combined with bulk silicon micromachining and surface silicon micromachining are brought forward to fabricate these novel single-crystal silicon or polysilicon torsion-mirror optical actuators by using the same lithography masks for both SOI wafer and regular silicon wafer. A series of important process experiments are carried out to optimize the process parameters and the process flows. Some novel and typical process phenomena which occurred during the microfabrication are analyzed and then the corresponding solutions are put forward. 5. A MEMS dynamic testing system which exploit blur image synthetic technique, stroboscopic image matching technique, stroboscopic mirau microscopic interferometry technique and microscopic laser dopper vibrometer technique is set up to measure three-dimension and six-freedom micro motions of any MEMS devices with nanometer resolution.

在对硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的光机电特性系统地理论研究的基础上提出了硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的结构设计准则。3、提出了单轴双梁厚度差分结构、单轴双柔性折叠梁结构、单轴双梁垂直扭转梳齿结构、双轴四梁差动复合微镜结构以及以上四种基本结构组合后的衍生结构等五种工艺加工技术兼容的新型的硅微机械扭转镜光致动器，对器件关键结构薄厚度、高耐疲劳扭转梁进行了局部加强的变形补偿设计，建立了器件的三维实体模型以及两维降阶模型，对提出的新结构硅微机械扭转镜光致动器进行了系统的静力学、动力学、静电场、力电耦合和流体固体耦合的建模仿真与优化设计，同时设计并分析了三种可实现单芯片集成的弹性光纤定位夹紧结构。4、提出了组合体硅微加工技术与表面硅微加工技术、兼容同一套光刻版图、可分别基于SOI 晶片和普通Si 晶片、适应于制造提出的各种新结构单晶硅和多晶硅硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的三套柔性加工工艺流程，开展了一系列重要工艺步骤的单项工艺试验，对工艺流程与工艺参数进行了优化，针对加工过程中出现的具有普遍意义的典型工艺问题进行了讨论和分析，并提出了解决方法。5、创新性地将模糊图像合成技术、频闪图像匹配技术、频闪Mirau 显微干涉技术与显微激光多普勒测振技术有机结合，建立起了一套周期运动测量与瞬态运动测量相结合、单点运动测量与全视场运动测量相结合、满足不同MEMS 器件各种动态测试要求的集成的MEMS 三维六自由度微运动精密测量系统。

While this may seem a three-step process as opposed to a one-step division,consider that long-hand division of a four digit number by a three digit number, carried out to four places requires three divisions, 3-4 multiplication*s, and three subtractions.

当这与一个一步的划分相反看起来是一个三级过程时，以3 数字数目考虑4 数字数目的那个长手的划分，进行到4 个地方需要3 个划分，3-4 乘* s 和3 次减法。

This thesis is combined with the project－"design and exploitation of Automotive Constant Drive-Shaft", which is undertaken by the topic team. Based on the structural simplification to three-dimension solid models of ball-cage type and three column-shaft type constant velocity joint, and the three-dimension solid models are obtained by conversion engineering. Altair/Hpermesh software is used here for generating the finite element mesh of key parts of ball-cage type and three column-shaft type constant velocity joint.

本文结合课题组承担的"汽车等速驱动轴设计开发"项目，在对通过逆向工程方法获得的等速驱动轴的球笼式等速万向节和三枢轴式等速万向节三维实体模型进行结构简化的基础上，利用Altair/Hypermesh软件对球笼式和三枢轴式等速万向节的各关键零件进行了有限元网格划分。

Three-dimensional of model tunnel, texture mapping to three-dimensional interior of tunnel、three-dimensional model of interior installation of tunnel and three-dimensional tunnel cruise are achieved using OpenGL in VC++.

在VC++。NET开发环境下使用OpenGL实现了三维巷道模型、三维巷道内部纹理贴图、三维巷道内部设备模型及三维巷道漫游。

This paper make a general analyze of the SMES Cluster, define the conception of SMES Cluster, the forming of SMES Cluster and the basic types of SMES Cluster, study the important function of the SMES Cluster to the country, the district and the enterprises selves.Second, this paper research comparatively of three different international SMES Cluster cases and three different domestic SMES Cluster cases. Three different international SMES Clusters include the Italianism SMES Cluster, the Croatia SMES Cluster and the SMES Cluster which are formed by the multinational corporations" investment. Three different domestic SMES Clusters include the Zhejiang province SMES Cluster, Shandong province SMES Cluster and the Zhongguancun SMES Cluster.Finally, on the basic of analysis in cases, according to the current situation of Jiangsu and analysis of cluster development condition of SMES, explore the SMES Cluster development mode and pattern in Jiangsu. The main types of SMES Cluster in Jiangsu include Spontaneous growing up type, enterprise"s expanding type, market driving type, urging type of science and technology, and driving type of the foreign capitals.

本文通过对中小企业集群的一般分析，界定中小企业集群的概念、形成、基本类型以及中小企业集群对国家、对区域、对企业本身的重要作用；其次，对国外三种不同类型的中小企业集群(意大利式中小企业集群、克罗地亚造船厂式中小企业集群、跨国公司投资形成的中小企业集群)和国内三个不同地区的中小企业集群(浙江省中小企业集群、山东省中小企业集群、中关村中小企业集群)的案例进行比较分析研究；最后，在案例分析的基础之上，根据江苏的现状以及中小企业集群发展条件的分析，探索江苏集群发展的模式和格局，江苏的中小企业的发展模式主要有自发成长型、企业扩张型、市场带动型、科技驱动型、外资带动型。

When I consider the Jonah parallel, that the "Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the Earth", I cannot help thinking about the moon's disappearance during a lunation. It is invisible for three days and three nights.

当我看到和约拿同时出现的那句话"基督在地心上三个白天三个晚上"我真的不能想象在一个阴历月期间月亮会消失，它将会消失三天三夜。

The results revealed that nine of the fourteen Y-specific markers cannot be used for investigating the swamp buffalo Y chromosome genetic diversity because of the reasons specified below: three microsatellites markers (INRA008, UMN0103 and UMN0504) were single allele and monomorphism, three (UMN1113, UMN0304 and BC1.2) indicated three alleles respectively but mornomorphism, and the other three (UMN0920, UMN0307 and UMN3008) showed irregular ladder-like bands. Only the remaining five microsatellites (INRA124, INRA189, BM861, PBR1F1 and UMN2001) indicated polymorphisms, and thus can be applied to study the swamp buffalo Y chromosome genetic diversity.

结果表明，3个标记（INRA008，UMN0103和UMN0504）只有1个等位基因，表现为单态；3个标记（UMN1113，UMN0304和BC1.2）均为3个等位基因，但呈单态；3个标记（UMN0920，UMN0307和UMN3008）呈现无规律的梯状条带，所以这9个标记都不适用于水牛的Y染色体遗传多样性研究；只有5个标记（INRA124，INRA189，BM861，PBR1F1和UMN2001）具有多态性，表明适用于水牛的Y染色体遗传多样性研究。

Being mussy means being absorbing as the three passages offer three knowledges, three worlds and three experiences.

之所以野，是因为它包罗万象，三篇文章就是三种知识，三个世界，三次体验。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。