查询词典 thinning

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The rheological character of a polymer often appears as shear-thinning. Most polymers behaviour in a solution can be explained by the polymer chain or hard sphere theory. Other than that, shear-thickening polymer solution also exists. Its behavior can be explained by dilatant theory, which suggests that the shear-thickening of the solution is due to the swelling of the polymer particles. This phenomenon often occurs in suspension or emulsion. Solution exhibits a mixed behavior can also be found whose behavior is such that shear-thinning occurs under low shear force and shear-thickening occurs under high shear force. Under this circumstance, the viscosity versus shear force graph exhibits a spoon shaped curve. The rheological study can be applied to the dispersion of paint which can predict the dispersion effect of various polymer materials in solution.

中文摘要一般高分子聚合物溶液的流变行为多半呈现剪稀(shear-thinning)的现象，而大部分的高分子在溶液中的行为是以分子链或是硬球观点来解释，另外也有剪稠(shear-thickening)现象的高分子溶液，其流变行为则是以膨胀体观点来解释，即在高剪切力下，由於高分子团体积变大而使溶液黏度升高，这在悬伏液、乳液等常见；但也有在低剪切力下，溶液具有剪稀的行为，而在高剪切力下却成现剪稠的行为，在黏度对剪切力作图时，会呈现出一个勾形曲线的图形；流变行为的探讨可应用在涂布材料的分散技术上，以推测不同的高分子溶液对分散效果的影响。

The impact of precommercial thinning on tree growth and stem quality in jack pine was examined.The study was based on a PCT trial established in 1966 in New Brunswick,Canada.Three thinning intensities,1.22m×1.22m,1.52m×(1.52m),2.13m×2.13m,and a control stand were studied and a total of 154 sample trees were collected from the trial.

以加拿大新布郎斯威克省自然资源与能源部1966年建立的天然林抚育间伐实验基地为研究对象，从3种疏伐强度(1.22 m×1.22 m，1.52 m×1.52 m，2.13 m×2.13 m)的样地和一块控制地中共采伐了154株树，胸径范围10~24 cm，研究抚育间伐对北美短叶松的生长及材质的影响。

The basic theories of mathematical morphology for binary image are stated, and the most simple structure elements of morphologic transformation for binary images are proposed and proved. The geodetic morphologic transformation models are also developed. For the purpose of improving the speed of transformation in computer, the"set symmetric difference"is introduced to adapt each model. Some new morphologic filtering models and quantitative evaluating model of filtering effects in image processing are proposed, under the applied condition. The morphologic thinning methods are studied, and two new morphologic thinning models are developed. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of mining maps, the image vectorizing tactics and a series of algorithms are proposed, including dynamic adaptive image thresholding using two thresholds, graphic and text separation, noise removal, and multi elements extracting models with mathematical morphology. Accuracy preserving compressed vectorizing model for image vectorization is put forward to generate vector data in multi layer.

论文对二值图象形态学的基础理论进行了较系统的阐述，提出并证明了二值图象处理中形态变换的最简单结构元素，并发展了测地形态变换模型；为了提高形态变换的计算机实现速度，引入了集合论中"对称差"的概念对各形态变换模型进行了改化；针对数学形态学在图象处理中的实际应用，提出了新的形态滤波模型及滤波效果的度量评价模型；研究了形态细化方法，提出了快速形态细化和保形快速形态细化算法；在研究矿图基本特征基础上，提出了人机协同矿图扫描图象矢量化处理策略及一系列扫描图象处理算法模型，包括双阈值动态自适应图象二值化、图文分离、噪声去除、图面多种要素提取形态变换模型等；在图象栅格—矢量转换中，提出了保精度压缩矢量化模型，以生成分层要素矢量数据。

Choice of materials for Q235, The choice program is stamping process Piercing blanking -- thinning Burring -- Wedge-bending -- U-shaped curve In this program of cost savings but also appropriate to increase production efficiency, use of this program will mainly involve the following four die : Punching blanking die;(2) thinning Burring die;(3) Wedge-bending modulus;(4) U-bending modulus.

选择的材料为Q235，选择的冲压工艺方案是冲孔落料--变薄翻孔--斜楔式弯曲--U型弯曲，此方案在节约成本的同时也适当的提高了生产的效率，采用此方案将主要涉及到以下四套冲压模具：（1）冲孔落料模；(2)变薄翻孔模；(3)斜楔式弯曲模；(4)U型弯曲模。

Based on the collected data of stand growth and environmental factors of 118 sample plots, according to the quantitative theory I , the authors set up the predicting model of self-thinning of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, using ten qualitative factors and four quantitative factors which have much influence on forest self-thinning of Cunninghamia lanceolata.

收集了 1 1 8块杉木人工林样地的林分生长和环境因子资料，用环境因子中 1 0个定性和 4个定量因子对杉木人工林自然稀疏具有较大影响的因子，应用数量化理论Ⅰ建立了杉木人工林自疏过程密度变化的预报模型。

RESULTS: A substantial portion of knees with ROA were classified as having longitudinal cartilage thinning (28%) or thickening (20%) in at least one medial femorotibial subregion based on comparisons to longitudinal changes observed in healthy knees; only 5% showed both subregional thinning and thickening across medial subregions at the same time.

结果：基于在健康膝盖中所观察到的纵向变化，很大一部分ROA患者的膝盖软骨厚度的变化情况可分为两类：至少1个内侧股胫亚区的纵向软骨变薄（28%）或纵向软骨增厚（20％）；仅有5％同时在不同内侧亚区出现亚区变薄和增厚。

Computation of mean height and diameter for thinning tree and stand thinned and ⅠⅡⅢ class tree changing unthinning and thinned were solved by thinning intensity and stand before thinning. Problem of thinning revision wore resolved.

解决了如何由间伐强度和伐前林分状态，准确推算间伐木的平均高、平均胸径和间伐后林分的平均高、平均胸径及Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级木伐前、伐后的变化，解决了如何进行间伐修正。

According to thefunction, the conclusions for L.olgensis and C.lanceolata are asfollows:1CCF＜200,showing growth with constant tree number;2200≤CCF≤300 transition from growth with constant tree number to theself-thinning,in other words,the change of SDI can be described aslinear combination between the growth with constant tree number andthe self-thinning;3CCF＞300,growth in the self-thinning.

建立了CCF与林分密度指数和单位面积林木株数之间的函数关系式，并对长白落叶松和杉木得出：(1)CCF＜200。林分为等株数生长：(2)200≤CCF≤300时。为等株数生长向自然稀疏生长的过渡期，该期间林分密度指数的变化可用等株数生长和自然稀疏生长的线性组合来表达：(3)CCF＞300时，林分为完全的自然稀疏生长

On the basis of stand of masson pine in Hubei Province, an advantageous height growth model、models of stand self-thinning,diameter growth before thinning and after thinning,diameter distributions model,tree height curve was formulated,and forcast model of wood recovery by stem analysis was established.

利用湖北省马尾松人工林的样地资料，建立了优势高生长方程、林分自然稀疏方程、未疏伐林分直径生长方程、疏伐后林分生长预测方程、直径分布模型、树高曲线方程；根据现场造材资料，建立了材种出材率预测模型。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。