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The study show that the frozen earth in this area is mainly silty clay. The content of the dissolvable solt is relative high,which is 12.01%, and the main salinity is NaCL and KCL. The research also revealed that frozen intensity would ascend jumpily when the water contend in the soil reached its optimization( 10.61%) and kept rising,and this phenomena got more obvious with the decrease of the temperature. Between 0C and 10C, the frozen intensity vared very obviously, when the temperature is under -10C, the variety of frozen intensity got gently, and the change is not obvious. The frozen strength was influenced by the solution thickness in the soil hole.when the thickness increased, the frozen intensity decreased.

研究表明：那曲河地区冻土区冻土主要为颗粒较细小的粉质粘土：土样易溶盐含量较高，为12.01％，主要盐分为氯化钠NaCL和氯化钾KCL；该地区冻土土内水分达到最优含水率10.61％并继续增大时，冻结强度有个跳跃式的上升，这种现象随着温度的降低而愈明显；由0℃到-10℃时，冻结强度变化十分明显，温度下降到-10℃以后，冻结强度变化趋于平缓，变化不甚明显；冻结强度受土样孔隙中盐溶液浓度的影响，盐溶液浓度增加，冻结强度减小。

We studied the anatomical structures related to drought resistance of the leaves of 17 varieties of Medicago sativa L. based on 12 xeromorphic indexes, did the single factor multiple comparison between two varieties in order to conclude the sensitiveness sequence of the 12 indexes to the drought, and the clustering analysis based on 3 most sensitive indexes including the leaf thickness, the main vein thickness, the palisade tissue thickness.

对17个紫花苜蓿品种叶片进行解剖，选取12项抗旱指标，采用单因素分析方法对各品种进行两两多重比较，得到各指标的灵敏度，最后以叶片厚度、中脉厚度和栅栏组织厚度3个指标为主进行聚类分析。

It indicated that the multiple-layered films were mainly composed by C-F, C=C and Si-O bonging, a little Si-C and Si-F bonding were also existed because of history effect. The bondgap were calculated as 2.7eV. The dielectric constant of the multiple-layered films was close relative to the thickness of the covering layer-SiOx, so the thickness had better be reduce. The bonding configurations of multiple-layered films had no evident changes after 400癈 annealing, the thickness raise very little and the dielectric constant increase 8%. Compared with one-layered a-C:F films prepared in the same conditions, the SiOx/a-C:F/SiOx multiple-layered films had a better thermal stability.

结果表明，多层膜主要由C-F，C=C，Si-O键构成，由于器壁的历史效应，薄膜中还存在少量Si-C和Si-F键；多层膜的光学带隙经计算约为2.7eV；多层膜的介电常数与包层SiO_x厚度有很大关系，应尽可能减小SiO_x厚度；在经历200-400℃的N_2氛围中退火后，多层膜的红外结构没有发生太大的变化：膜厚度稍微增大，介电常数只增加了8％，与同样制备条件下沉积的单层a-C：F薄膜相比具有较好的热稳定性。

The writer simplifies and induces thin-bedding medium in the East of China to several seismogeologic models: wedge model; thin-bedding group in which two mediums have equal thickness, thin-bedding group in which two mediums have not equal thickness and formations whose thickness orderly gradates from top to bottom.

本文通过对某油田的若干口钻井的测井曲线和岩性资料进行分析研究，认为我国东部油区的薄互层地层的地质特征为：①大多数地层为低于目前地震勘探分辨率的薄层或超薄层；②地层在横向上相变剧烈；③地层结构具有多种类型。

The factors, pitch of the Bump, pitch of solder ball, chip size , PCB size, PCB thickness, substrate thickness, and Cu thickness of the thermal via are choice for optimization study.

考虑的因子主要是以尺寸为研究的对象，它们是上层锡球的间距、下层锡球的间距、晶片大小、PCB 大小、PCB 厚、基板厚、热通孔铜层厚等七个因子。

In the paper, the writer analyses, discusses and researches the factors which influent the seismic reflection features of all kinds of thin-bedding medium above and, firstly, sums up systemically the laws by which the parameters of the thickness of thin-bedding, the thickness of single layer in the thin-bedding group, the thickness of minor structure, the number of layers in the thin-bedding group, type of incident wavelet, main frequency and decay coefficient influent thin-bedding 〓smic reflection features.

作者在论文中还对影响上述各种薄互层介质地震反射特征的因素进行了详细地分析讨论和研究，首次较全面系统地总结出了薄互层的厚度、薄互层中单层厚度、子结构厚度、薄互层的互层数、入射子波的类型、主频、衰减系数以及地震勘探的采样率等参数对薄互层地震反射特征的影响规律，由此得出以下几点看法和结论

As hollow fiber membranes thickness are different, yet urea clearance rate in simulation solution is relatively high, which can reach more than 64% and little difference among them; the BSA have a relatively high rejection, which can be achieved over 98%. There is a certain difference in the Lysozyme clearance rate, the smaller thickness, the higher the rate of removal, and the removal rate of 10μm thickness of the membrane is 29%. The clearance rates of urea were very high using different fiber diameter dialyzers, at around 80%. Urea clearance ratecan reach to the highest 88.6% using 0.26mm fiber diameter dialyzer. The clearance rates of Lysozyme vary greatly, the smaller the diameter, the higher clearance rate, and the highest removal rate of lysozyme is 62.79% using 0.26mm fiber diameter dialyzer. However, there is little impact on the rejection of BSA, which can reach 98%.

不同壁厚中空纤维膜透析器对模拟液中尿素的清除率均可达到64％以上，且差异不大，对牛血清白蛋白的截留率均可达到98％以上，对溶菌酶的清除率有一定的差异，壁厚越小清除率越高，壁厚为10μm的膜对溶菌酶的清除率为29％；不同纤维内径透析器对尿素的清除率均在80％左右，纤维内径为0.26mm的透析器对尿素的清除率最高，达到88.6％，对溶菌酶的清除率差别很大，内径越小，清除率越高，内径为0.26mm的透析器对溶菌酶的清除率达到62.8％，对牛血清白蛋白的截留影响很小，截留率都能达到98％以上。

In order to design a grease stain thickness non-destructive detector for petroleum pipeline, the decay rate of neutron and γ-ray in different petroleum pipeline of grease stain thickness were calculated with Monte-Carlo method. The response relationship between particle (neutron or γ) and grease stain thickness was found.

为设计1种基于射线透射原理的石油输送管道油垢厚度无损检测仪，利用蒙特卡罗方法分别计算中子、γ射线在不同油垢厚度输油管道中的穿透率，建立油垢厚度与射线计数之间的响应关系。

Variation laws of the film thickness with rotor angle, angle of swash plate, pocket pressure and pressing force were obtained. The differential equations of the variation of the film thickness were established, hence the dynamic law of the film thickness in one period was further obtained.

通过数值计算，得到了排油区滑靴油膜厚度与转子转角、斜盘倾角、油池压力、柱塞压紧力之间的变化规律，建立油膜厚度变化的微分方程，给出在吸、排油一个周期内，滑靴油膜厚度的动态变化规律。

It was also found that the strength of FF specimen is close to the sumation of the strengths of FC and FS specimens with the same board thickness and screw spacing as FF specimen. As compared the test results with the research findings from Li [2]and Luo [3], It can be concluded that the failure mode of specimen is affected by both the sheathing thickness and the stud thickness. Different from this study, the failure mode of Li's test specimens is torsional-flexural buckling for most cases. The predicted values computed based on the AISI Specification seem to be conservative as compared to the tested values of FF specimens. Therefore, it is suggested that the effective length factor, K, can be taken as 0.5 to determine the wall stud assembly strength.

在三种不同试体组合分析时也发现，具外覆材支撑之立柱与外覆材受压内含支撑之立柱，两者之破坏强度相加，约等於具外覆材之墙体之破坏强度；试验结果与李岱真、罗浩之研究比较后，发现不同厚度之立柱与不同厚度之矽酸钙板之间束制关系明显影响强度之差异，且李岱真之试体破坏模式多为整体扭转-挠曲挫屈破坏，与本研究有较大差异；对於具外覆材之墙体与AISI预测值比较后，AISI规范预测值较保守，因此本研究有效长度系数建议采用0.5。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。