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In order to figure out the use of compression in the wood preservation aspect, the authors compared the compressed wood samples pretreated with hot water bath or water spraying and compressed preservative-treated wood, which was treated with ammine copper quat-type D preservative solution. The liquid absorption and recovery rate of compression deformation of the compressed wood were determined, as well as the surface hardness, distribution of density and CuO retention in the thickness direction of CPW.

摘要为研究压缩处理在木材防腐方面的应用，该研究测定了经过不同水浴和喷水预处理后的径向压缩木材在胺溶铜季铵盐--D型防腐剂中浸泡后的吸液量和变形回复率，并测定了由此制备得到的压缩防腐木的表面硬度、厚度方向上的密度分布和CuO保持量分布情况。

The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

Results There were 28 cases with anastigmatic recurrence, the signs on CT were mass a rounding anastigmatic. There were 20 cases recurrenced on thoracic stomach, presented mass in mediastinum, the wall of thoracic stomach becaming thickness and mass in the thoracic stomach formed.

结果 吻合口复发28例，在CT片上表现为吻合口区不规则肿块影；胸胃复发20例，在CT片上表现为纵隔内结节或肿块，胸胃腔变窄，胸胃壁不规则增厚，并形成软组织肿块影。

The film was composed of anatase phase, and the thickness of the film was about 90nm.

利用俄歇电子能谱和紫外反射光谱等研究手段，对TIO2薄膜的化学结构及基底材料界面相互作用进行了系统研究。

Marine steel include bulb steel, angle bar, H shape steel, channel steel, flat-bulb steel, round steel, half-round bar steel, square steel and steel pipe and so on should be in accordance with relative regulation, and the negative size and thickness should be in accordance with national ship regulation, national relative standard and the standard of metallurgy field.

1.2 。1 。4 船用型钢 1.2 。1 。4 Marine steel 船用型钢包括球扁钢，角钢，工字钢，槽钢，扁钢，圆钢，半圆钢，方钢和钢管等，除应符合相应的规定外，其尺度及厚度负偏差均应分别按我国船舶规范和有关的国家标准及冶金专业标准检验。

In this work, the effect of insulation thickness and relative dielectric constant of insulating layer on the contact angle of conductive droplets were analyzed in detail.

实验获得了不同绝缘层厚度和相对介电常数下导电液滴接触角随电压变化的图形，得到了不同材料组合的EWOD特性。

From the small angle curve of x-ray diffraction, the five mirrors'thickness error are only 0.05nm.

并在此基础上，完成了五个波长的多层镜的淀积，多层膜的膜厚误差仅为0.05nm。

Only mining thickness factor is considered in the experiential formula,in fact,the mining depth,the length of working face and the dip angle of coal bed should be included.

传统的经验公式对导水裂隙带的估算值考虑了采高一个因素，而实际上导水裂隙带的发育高度还与采深、工作面长度、煤层倾角等因素有关。

By the comparison of which the laws of defect mode changed with angle of incidence and thickness of the defect are concluded lastly.

通过比较这两者的数值结果得出了缺陷模随入射角和缺陷层厚度变化的一般规律。

By changing the value of the blade thickness, cone angle, lead and height of fillet weld, influences of these parameters on the strength and displacement of the screw conveyor are investigated which form the base for optimization of the conveyor structure.

论文还通过调整螺旋输送器的叶片壁厚、半锥角、导程和焊角高等几何结构参数，研究了各参数的变化对螺旋输送器强度和变形的影响，为结构优化设计奠定了基础。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。