查询词典 the time changes

The microstructures and second phases were examined by transmission electron microscopy.It is found that the specimen treated by 500 ℃/100 h has the best corrosion resistance among all the specimens.TEM analysis of the specimens tempered at 500 ℃ with different time shows that the second phase changes from the seriate strips to the banding...

用透射电镜研究了这些样品的显微组织和第二相，观测到随着保温时间延长，500℃下保温样品中的第二相由连续片层逐渐转变成带状分布的颗粒，保温时间达到100 h时，基体内析出βNb.560℃下保温样品与500℃下保温样品有相似的组织转变过程，只是时间大幅缩短，保温仅10 h时，基体已完全再结晶为等轴晶。

Animals, as material, were used to study the toxicity of outer substance and made sure the estrogen effect of BBP by whole animal experiment, and the chronic toxicity of BBP was studied, designed and valued through several dosages and different exposed time. The result showed that BBP could make testis, epididymis and prostate withdrawl. Tectology changes were observed in testis, epididymis and liver. Especially the atrophy and degeneration of seminiferous tubules, decrease of spermatogenic cell and the turbulence of Sertoli cell and spermatogenic cell of seminiferous epithelium were also observed. The linkage between cells vanished.

明确了BBP的雌激素效应，并分别用多剂量和不同染毒时间来研究、设计、评价BBP在体内的慢性毒性，结果表明：BBP能引起雄鼠睾丸、前列腺、附睾性腺的萎缩和肝脏肿大，改变睾丸、前列腺、肝脏的组织形态学，尤其引起睾丸曲细精管萎缩、变性，各级生精细胞减少，生精上皮内生精细胞和Sertoli细胞结构明显紊乱，细胞间连接结构消失等。

Analytical formulae are presented for the first time to describe the shift in the resonance wavelength of LPG in response to etching of the fiber cladding or a change in the external refractive index. The accuracy of the formula is confirmed by comparision with numerical simulations and experimental results. We demonstrated that the resonance wavelengths of an etched LPG are more sensitive refractive index than those of an unetched grating. The bending properties of long period fiber grating written in different type fiber are studied experimentally. The transmission peaks and the central wavelength of LPG change with the bending of the fiber. A new peak appears at the shorter wavelength when the fiber is being bent. The changes of the peaks are different for different photosensitive fiber. Those properties have broad application foreground in fiber sensors and tunable filters.

分别从理论和实验上对长周期光栅的折射率特性以及光纤包层半径对长周期光栅特性的影响进行了研究，首次给出了描述光纤包层半径腐蚀和外界折射率改变与长周期光栅共振波长关系的理论表达式，实验与理论和数据模拟的结果很好符合，利用腐蚀光纤包层的方法可以有效地提高LPG的折射率灵敏度；对不同光纤中写入的长周期光栅的弯曲特性进行了实验研究，LPG的透射峰形状及其中心波长随光纤弯曲而发生变化，并且随着弯曲将在短波方向出现新的透射峰，其透射峰的变化规律因所用光敏光纤的不同而不同，这一特性在光纤传感和可调谐滤波器方面有重要的应用前景。

The article first theoretically analyzes the principle that microcavity reduces threshold 、changes resonant modes of output light and enhances unidirection of the random laser.Then study the structure parameters of different microcavity by transfer matrix.Based on the theory of Maxwell equations and the rate equations, analyze the principle that microcavity reduces the threshold by FDTD method: Changing the confined position,reducing relaxation time and increasing reversing particles, also simultaneously study the influences of the threshold and output light modes by different microcavities and random intensity of random medium.

首先从理论上分析了利用微腔降低随机激光器阈值、改变出射光振荡模式、提高出射光准直性的原理，然后利用传输矩阵法模拟研究了不同的微腔应具有的结构参数，最后以麦克斯韦方程和速率方程理论为基础，利用时域有限差分法分析了利用微腔降低阈值的原理：改变局域化位置、缩短弛豫时间及增大粒子数反转，同时也模拟研究了微腔、随机介质的随机强度对阈值及出射光波模式的影响。

According to the energy conservation theory, BOM and CSIM4 were coupled. The BOM has no treatment on transmission solar radiation, which is of great importance when the model is adapted to Arctic Ocean. So the treatment was introduced to BOM. Through numerical test on different lead albedos, it was found that sea ice thickness is not so sensitive to lead albedo, which may be contribute to the lead occupies little ratio within multiyear sea ice pack. The reason of summer over-melt of arctic sea ice is the NCEP reanalysis downward solar radiation being larger than its reality. Then the arctic sea ice climate variability was simulated. Results showed that: simulated ice thickness change is in accord with the submarine investigated mean sea-ice draft changes. Simulated annually maximum ice thickness along the Eurasian continental oceans are closely related to the observed ones. The long-term mean simulated ice motion has the same features of the SSM/I derived ice motion. Sea ice extents in differential sub-regions have same trends comparing to the satellite passive-microwave data derived ones. Simulated ice concentration is closely related to the observed in the Arctic sub-regions. Sea ice flux through the Fram Strait involves ice concentration, motion and thickness. It is a composite criterion for sea ice model evaluation. The simulated ice area and volume export through the strait accord with the satellite derived or statistically reconstructed ones.(5) The simulated ice thickness climate variability and mean sea surface current of the coupled model were analyzed, results showed: the total ice volume in the Arctic Ocean has a significant decreasing trend. The volume variability is of a 10-year timescale oscillation, with two major periods of 12-13a and 18-20a. Mean ice thickness in the arctic sub-seas has different tendencies. It has an increasing trend in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea, and decreasing in the others. The characteristic time scale of 7-10a wherein the river discharges leads the Fram Strait ice volume export is about the period that river water takes to be conveyed across the Arctic Ocean.(6) Using the simulated ice distribution in the Arctic Ocean and China precipitation, air temperature and SST in tropical key regions, the climate teleconnection were studied. Result showed: When the mean sea ice thickness is large in the central Arctic Ocean and Chukchi-Beaufort Sea , and small in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea , the precipitation in South China, Tibetan Plateau, and the north part of Northeastern China are always smaller than normal, and v. v. When the mean ice thickness is small in CA, BC, East Siberian Sea and Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Sea , and large in BL, The air temperature in north-eastern China, the southern of Tibetan Plateau, and Hainan Island, are always lower than normal, and v. v. In addition, when the sea ice is thick in BC and BL, the SST is larger in the middle and eastern Pacific Ocean, and is smaller in the tropical Southeastern Indian Ocean.

由于BOM没有考虑透射太阳辐射的物理过程，研究表明透射太阳辐射对北冰洋的能量收支起到重要作用，因此在BOM模式中引入了对透射太阳辐射的处理；通过对不同水道反照率的数值试验表明海冰厚度对水道反照率的敏感性不强，可能与海冰区水道面积占的比率很小有关；而模式模拟的北极海冰夏季&过度融化&主要源于NCEP再分析资料提供了偏大的太阳短波辐射；对北极海冰的气候变率进行了模拟研究，结果表明：模拟的海冰厚度变化与潜艇探测的海冰吃深度变化具有一致性；模拟和观测的亚欧大陆沿海的年内最大海冰厚度有很好的相关；模拟的海冰移速与长期平均的卫星反演的海冰移速具有相同的速度分布特征；模拟的各个海区海冰面积的变化趋势与卫星反演资料分析的结果基本一致；模拟与观测的主要海洋分区的海冰密集度具有很好的相关：弗瑞姆海峡的海冰体积和面积的输送涉及到海冰密集度、厚度和移动速度，是判断模式模拟能力的一个综合的指标，模式模拟的结果与卫星反演或重建的面积输送、体积输送具有很好的一致性；(5)分析了模拟的北极海冰厚度的气候变率及气候平均表层海流场，结果表明：北极海冰的总体积有显著减少的趋势，北极海冰总体积的变化具有10a际尺度振荡的特点，存在18-20a和12-13a两个主周期；北极海冰的平均厚度在各个海区的变化趋势不同，在巴伦支—喀拉海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海地区海冰厚度有显著的增加趋势，而其它海区存在减少的趋势；通过对模拟的气候平均表层海流的分析表明，北极河流流量超前弗瑞姆海峡海冰流量7-10年的特征时间尺度与表层海流的气候分布存在着必然联系：(6)利用模拟结果以及中国降水、气温和热带关键区SST资料，讨论了北极各海区海冰平均厚度与中国降水、气温以及热带关键区SST的关系，结果表明：在北极中心海区和楚科奇—波弗特海海冰厚度偏大，在巴伦支—喀拉海以及巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏小，则中国降水在华南地区、青藏高原和东北北部降水偏少，反之相反；在北极中心海区、东西伯利亚海、楚科奇—波弗特海以及格陵兰海海冰厚度偏小，在巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大，则在中国东北地区、高原南部地区和海南岛附近气温偏低，反之相反；另外，北极楚科奇—波弗特海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大时，在热带中东太平洋海温偏高，而在热带东南印度洋海温偏低。

Kanic acid was injected into guinea pigs' cochleae and the excitotoxicity model was established. After a week the recombinant plasmid was transferred into SGCs of guinea pigs' cochlea treated with HAT. The following week the expression of NT-3 was examined by the immunohistochemical method, and the morphology of SGNs was observed under the electronic microscope after 4 weeks, in the mean time the changes of auditory brain-stein response were examined.

通过耳蜗灌注海人酸(kainic acid， KA)建立豚鼠耳蜗兴奋性损伤模型，在给KA 1周后利用HAT携带重组质粒进行耳蜗灌注以转染耳蜗螺旋神经节细胞，免疫组化法观察转染后1周NT-3的表达及4周后电镜下螺旋神经节细胞形态学变化，同时观察对听觉脑干诱发电位(auditory brain-stem response， ABR)的影响。

The first two chapters showcase the Anti-Rightist Campaign (1957) and "the Great Leap Forward"(1958). Based on the works of Poetry and the poems relevant to the two said political campaigns, these two chapters analyze the ways in which the poems assembled, cohered and acquired referentiality intra-textually and in a wider cultural context. Changes in that formative process provide an effective frame of reference for us to reflect on the losses and gains of the Poetry and socialist literature in a particular time.

前两章分别选择1957年下半年的&反右派&和1958年的大跃进这两个典型的运动，根据《诗刊》与这两个运动有关的作品来分析文本与文本群、文本类型在自身内部以及在更大的文化语境中聚集、凝结和获取现实指涉力的方式，其中的变化过程为我们思考和总结一个刊物和一个阶段的社会主义文艺的特点和得失提供一个有效的观察点。

The automatic monitor and forecast of flood regimen system is the automatic system which adopt modem technique of real-time collection, transmission and analysis of hydrologic information, it integrate hydrologic information、telecommunication、computer and the freshly progeny of many other subject for resolving correlative problem about the monitor and forecast of flood regimen, its appearance changes the draggled state measuring the flood regimen data merely by manpower in the foretime, maximum improve the monitor and forecast speed, improve the forecast precision, and enlarge the forecasting area and content.

水情自动测报系统是采用现代科技对江河流域的水文信息进行遥测、传输和处理的集成水文自动化系统，它综合水文、通信和计算机等多学科某些新近成果，用于解决相关的水情测报问题，它的出现已大大地改变了过去只靠人工测报水情资料的落后状态，极大地提高了测报速度，提高了预报精度，也扩大了测报范围和内容。

As part of the study of social administration of Nanjing in the Republic of China, the thesis consists of 7 chapters: Chapter one explains the basic concepts of social administration and the development of modernization of Nanjing before 1927. It stresses the importance of social administration in city development through the depiction of social characteristics and problems of Nanjing. Chapter 2 introduced the theory of social administration of the Republic of China, under which the municipal institutions are structured. It focuses on the social theory of Sun Yat-sen and correlative comments of Jiang Kai-shi, which reflect the theoretic level and subjective intention of social reform of the Republic of China. Chapter 3 discusses the local autonomy of Nanjing of the Republic of China. The origin of democratic local autonomy theory and its influence over social administration are expatriated. The advantages and disadvantages of local autonomy are analyzed in detail. Chapter 4 focuses its discussion upon social rescue work, an important part of social administration, with general description of social rescue work in Nanjing and concludes the characteristics of social rescue work in the transition from the traditional to the modern society. Focusing on the prominent problem of the large flows and inflation of population of Nanjing, chapter 5 discusses the population and population management of Nanjing and outlines the population situation through analysis of the population problem, management methods and the current situation. Chapter 6 describes the unprecedentedly active citizen organizations and parties. The transform and changes of these organizations occurring under the new circumstances and their functions in social administration are analyzed to reveal the interactive function between government and social organizations in social administration. Chapter 7, the epilogue, makes theoretic evaluation of the characteristics of social administration and its revelation to the current society of Nanjing, hoping this research serves as a reference to the current time.

本文是民国南京社会管理研究的一个部分，由七个章节组成：第一章介绍了社会管理的基本概念和1927年以前南京社会近代化的变迁过程，通过对南京社会特点和社会问题的描述，阐明了社会管理在城市发展中的重要作用；第二章介绍了民国社会管理思想的基本内容和在此指导下的南京市政府有关机构的设置，着重阐述了孙中山的社会管理思想和蒋介石的有关论述，反映了国民政府的社会管理的认识水平及其实行社会改造的主观意图；第三章专题讨论了民国南京地方自治，对具有近代民主意义的地方自治思想的由来及其社会管理意义进行了阐述，具体分析了南京推行地方自治的利弊得失；第四章将社会救济事业作为社会管理的一项重要内容进行了讨论，描述了南京社会救济事业的基本概况并对从传统向近代过渡社会救济事业的若干特点进行了总结；第五章针对南京城市人口的大量流动和急剧膨胀这一突出的社会问题，集中讨论了南京的人口与人口管理，通过对南京人口问题、管理手段以及人口状况的分析，展示了南京人口构成的基本面貌；第六章描述了南京空前活跃的市民组织和社会团体，着意反映这些社会组织在新的条件下的转型和变化，分析其在社会管理中所发挥的作用，企望由此揭示政府与社会组织在社会管理中的互动作用；第七章为结语，对南京社会管理的特点及其对现实的启示进行了理论评价，力求本研究更能具有现实借鉴意义。

I can see the cerulean blue of the skiesOr the indigo of the nightI can see the stars wink, the grin of the moonDuring the changes of it's monthly face**I am in awe**I see the sun on it's annual trekAlternately awakening the life in the earthAnd then fading away to allow it to sleepUntil the next spring**I am told the Universe is "out there"Beyond those stars, moon and sun,Yet the power of what I can seeIs a fathoming beyond my comprehension**I am in awe**"Out there" no time, no seasons passNo sense of age, hatred or loss existOnly the infinity0f the Universe**What IS "out there"?

我可以看到青蓝色的skiesor靛蓝的nighti可以看到星星眨眼睛，透镜的月球的变化，它的每月面对**，我感到敬畏**我看见太阳它的年度trekalternately唤醒生活中的土石方然后渐渐消失让它sleepuntil明春**告诉我宇宙是&有&以外的星星，月亮和太阳，但权力有什么我可以塞伊斯一揣，我难以理解**我**敬畏&，有&无时间，没有季节passno时代感仇恨或损失的existonlyinfinity0f宇宙**什么是&有&？

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。