查询词典 the last reign of a dynasty

This chapter is divided into four sections, First Section present the Qing Dynasty "Lao Zi" annotator's expectations "saints" is "Save by Tao" image of the ideal; Section II of the Qing Dynasty "Lao Zi" annotator's analysis of the concept of "Doing Nothing". The third quarter discusses the "Lao Zi" annotator in Qing Dynasty especially for the Thrust-Weight "Forgotten" in the political meaning.

本章共分为四节，第一节为「理想人格」，呈现清代《老子》注家对「圣人」的期许，他们认为圣人是大道的体用，是「以道救人」的理想形象；第二节为「无心顺物」，讨论清代《老子》注家对於「无为」概念的具体分析，他们以「循理而动」、「听其自取」、「各安其分」、「因时制宜」、「因情顺性」等观点，使「无为」的理念得以开展；第三节为「智识与相忘」，论述清代老子注家特别推重「忘」在政治意涵上的发挥，在忘境之中君民各尽其生，熙熙乐乐而浑然不觉。

In recent years, with the growing concern on the antiphony of Tang dynasty, researchs began to pay attention to joint sentences poem. To my point of view, the reason of low achievement of poem-joint sentences is the insufficience of further study and the limitation of reserch range, particularly the joint sentence poem of Tang Dynasty lacks further reserch and integrate reserch system. So I determined to make the joint sentences poem of Tang Dynasty ( the 1st year of Gaozu Wude-the 4th year of Xuandi Tianyou ,year 618–year 907) to be the study subject of my thesis.

近年来随着对唐代唱和诗越来越多的关注，研究者们也开始留意唱和诗中一种特殊的形式——联句诗，但笔者所见之文章多因联句诗总体创作成就不高的原因，或笔墨过于节省，或泛泛而谈、不够深入，或者囿于点的探讨和积累，对联句诗特别是联句诗发展黄金期的唐代尚缺乏进一步详细地整理和系统研究，这一现状使我确定了以唐代(高祖武德元年618年——宣帝天佑四年907年)联句诗为本文的研究对象。

This article has made an analysis and comparison of the books on law, cases of law and the achievents of forensic medicine in Song and Tang Dynasties, especially that of Song Dynasty. The author thinks that song Dynasty is advanced than Tang Dynasty at least in the development of law.

本文通过对唐宋两朝尤其是宋代法学世界观、律学作品、判例法研究以及法医学成果等方面的分析比较，认为至少在法学发展方面，宋代已经超过了唐代。

This thesis chooses the finance of Ba County in Qing Dynasty as studying object The author has made good use of the first-hand material in the archives of Ba county, chorography, used the methods of history, sociology and economic theory and saw about the e actual operation of finance in Ba County in Qing Dynasty, in order to find out the commonly rule of the financial operation of counties in Qing Dynasty.

本文选取清代巴县财政为研究对象，利用巴县档案、地方志等第一手资料，综合运用历史学、社会学、经济学的理论和方法，考察了清代巴县财政实际收支构成和运作机制，力求窥见清代州县财政运作的一般规律。

That is to say, we could draw a conclusion through the comparison of different editions of drum words of Two Degrees Plum in Qing Dynasty Republic of China with the form, content and thought of novel, and the comparison of the form, content and thought with different editions of drum words. Our conclusion is that different type of edition of the drum words in latter Qing Dynasty times, which basically followed the traditional modes of past drum words from the formality, but the ideological content could directly reflect the vicissitudes of society and idea at that time with the times changed. The different types of texts of drum words had directly reflected the traditional entertainment involving talking and singing entertainer's thoughts (they represented the first floor people's thoughts at that time), and also had directly reflected the common and popular writers'thoughts from their adaptions(they represented at that time one kind of residential social stratum thought which increased sharply along with city expanded and resident social stratum population produced, and this thought also referred to one kind of thought after the chromolithography had entered into China in latter Qing dynasty, cultural printing propagation velocity sped up and drum words gradually became the ordinary resident's table-top reading material).This kind of thought produced along with the social vicissitudes, also impelled the entire society's forward development and the progress from the science and technology and the cultural domain.

本文即是对《二度梅》小说故事被改编为鼓词的文本进行研究的一篇论文，即通过对现存的清代民国《二度梅》鼓词的不同类型的版本与小说形式、内容、思想之间的比较，鼓词与鼓词不同类型版本之间的形式、内容、思想之间的比较，来阐述出一个结论，就是晚清时期的不同类型的鼓词版本，从形式上基本仍然沿袭了过去鼓词的传统模式，但内容思想上则随着时代变化而能够更直接地反映着当时的社会思想变迁，鼓词不同类型的版本文本直接反映了说唱艺人的思想(他们代表的是当时底层民众的思想)，也直接反映了文人改编鼓词的普通俗文人思想(他们代表了当时随着城市的扩大市民阶层人数的激增而产生的一种市民阶层的思想，当然这种思想也是指晚清石印术进入中国后文化印刷传播速度加快，鼓词逐渐成为普通市民的案头读物后而产生的一种思想来说的)，正是这种随着社会变迁产生的思想，又从科技和文化领域推动了整个社会的向前发展和进步。

From the management aim made by the form of managing with law in Ming Hui Code, to the thought of severe punishment in Ming Great Law and Ming Great Admonition, to the proper adjust of lawmaking suited to the society and treating the official clemently, we can see that Ming Dynasty racks the minds scheming the methods of managing the officials .But corruption was the appraisal of Ming Dynasty of afterworld . During the whole period of Ming Dynasty especially the later stage , corruption was widely. The political factor and culture factor were the most important reason .Value view of government behalf incorporation .Economical behalf is obtained not by economical means ,but by political ones, which is not a,normal state .

从《明会典》以行政法典的形式来确立吏治目标，到《大明律》、《明大诰》重典治吏思想的提出，到明中后期《问刑条例》因时立法、情法适中、宽厚待吏的适时调整，明代统治集团在整肃吏治上可谓费尽心机，但腐败始终被后人看作明代官场的最后鉴定，整个明代尤其是中后期，贪风日盛、贿赂公行，究其原因，社会总体机制下制度性因素和文化因素是最根本的，那就是中国传统的官利一体化的价值观，当官与发财是划等号的，经济利益不是通过经济方式而是通过政治方式来解决，这本身就是一种不正常的社会状态。

These arrange of the decorations is nearly the same like that of the tombs of the Eighteenth Dynasty but without the daily life scenes (harvesting, fishing and fowling). Therefore, it connects the tombs of the Eighteenth Dynasty with more social life scenes and those of the Nineteenth Dynasty with few social life scenes.

宽厅的内容也分为两部分，左边是帕塞尔经历过的生活，有他接受国王的奖励，有他监管卡尔那克神庙的建造；右边是他将要经历的另一个世界的生活，他和他的家庭成员跟随神祗，乘坐太阳船游历冥界。

The Book of Liang Dynasty was written by Silian Yao, a historiographer of the early Tang dynasty. It is a comprehensive and original document on the history of the Liang Dynasty. But the previous work on the book is far away from enough, thus it is necessary to do more research in this subject.

梁书》成于初唐史官姚思廉之手，是现存有关梁史较为原始和全面的记录，但前人对《梁书》的研究还比较薄弱，因而对这部史书作进一步的研究就显得十分必要。

This paper discussed the steeringand inducing of resource elements for agricultural production of the managerial mechanismof government and described the overall situation of economy in the Han Dynasty, such ascauses for the development of family economy in the West Han Dynasty, unbalanceddevelopment of agricultural economy among different areas, especially Jiang-huai Regionwhich was backward in the West Han Dynasty, causes for the huge differences amongdifferent areas in terms of the development and diffusion of ironware, causes for thediffusion of agriculture-oriented culture and the environmental effect of farmlandexploitation. All these social phenomena were closely related to the various managerialmechanisms of the government.

本文通过探讨汉代政府管理机制对农业经济各种生产资源要素的引导和诱使，基本揭示了汉代农业经济发展的宏观面貌，诸如小农经济在西汉整体性发展的原因、区域农业经济长期发展不平衡，尤其是江、淮等地在西汉一代农业经济发展长期滞缓、铁农具的发展与普及区域间差异较大的原因、农耕文化流浸的社会诱因以及农田开发过程中对环境的影响等，这些农业进程中的社会、经济现象均与政府管理的各种机制作用息息相关。

When he studied as a child, under the influence of his ancestors and teachers, he had recognized the Legitimism about the History of Song Dynasty, Liao Dynasty and Jin Dynasty had not been established.

周叙自"束发读书"时在祖父师友的影响下，就已经认识到宋辽金三史正统未定。

Given the language of section 102(2), the Supreme Court's rejection of substantive review under NEPA seems unjustifiable in principle

按照第102条的规定，最高法院否决《国家环境政策法》所规定的实质性复审在原则上似乎是不正当的。

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of variable hip abduction orthosis on children spastic cerebral palsy.

目的探讨髋关节矫形器在儿童痉挛型脑性瘫痪康复中的作用。