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He proved that the left ward turning of Yangtze river diluted water is mainly resulted from the interaction between the bottom declining and the lag of the transversal pressure gradient, made the numerical simulation and preliminary study on the thermohaline staircase structure formation mechanism, improved American Academician Wunsch's inverse method of ocean circulation, jointed the discover of " Mindanao Under Current", which is the first ocean current found and named by Chinese scientists and widely accepted over the world, simulated the horizontal and vertical carbon fluxes in East China Sea by a simple ecosystem model, estimated the photosynthesis efficiency less than 8% in Jiaozhou Bay, applied statistical downscaling technology to Chinese coast and Japanese islands realizing the simulation and forecast of sea level low frequency variations, pointed out that the quasi-periodicity of El Nino events should be resulted from the interaction between the 3~4 year oscillation in tropical Pacific and decadal oscillation in the northern Pacific of middle latitudes of the air-sea coupled climate system and at decadal time scale the precipitation influence on sea level variation along Chinese coast and Japanese islands becomes more important, which is closely related to the decadal oscillation of air-sea coupled climate system, therefore precipitation most likely play a major role for the decadal oscillation formation;; proposed Extended Associate Pattern Analysis to analyse combined observed datasets of sea surface temperature and sea level pressure or geopotential hight at 1000 hPa (GH1000) over the Pacific and related seas.

论证了长江冲淡水向左转向主要由于底形下倾与横向压力梯度滞后相互作用的结果。对温盐阶梯结构的形成过程及物理机制进行了数值模拟与初步探讨。改进了美国科学院院士Wunsch的大洋环流反演法。与胡敦欣院士共同发现了"棉兰老潜流"，这是第一支由中国科学家发现、命名并得到普遍承认的洋流。借助较为简单的生态模式数值模拟了东海的水平与垂直碳通量；胶州湾浮游植物的屏蔽效应可以使底层海水温度在升温季节降低2度，由此推算出其光合作用的效率应小于8%；浮游植物春季水华的生物过程实际上强化了海水层化的物理过程。将统计学降尺度技术应用于日本列岛和我国沿海，实现了海平面长周期变化的模拟与预报。

But if you continue to exist, which can be fitted with a 喷粉器 of corn meal and away from the scanner, the squeeze from 喷粉器 and let it dispersalof in the air, when the high granula powder down, and they took transmissional draft of the piece, let it pass through dusting segment loading fine powder of the air, you can achieve the objective of the Elimination of Newton's rings.

但如果还来活命，可用装有玉米粉的喷粉器，挨近扫描仪，不兵玉米粉从喷粉器洋挤不入，让它在空洋拆散，当不小颗粒的粉粒落下后，拿住透射稿的一角，让它穿功喷粉不天区，这样空洋的粗粉粒落在其上，可以到达打消牛顿环的纲的。

The air upflow is past the area of the coolant lines and is effective to entrain hydrogen from the break, and the air downflow path is in the area adjacent the containment wall.

上行气流经过冷却剂管线区并有效地带走来自破损处的氢，而下气流通路位于外壳壁附近区域。

Based on a series of signal process and noise source identification techniques, especially the major noise source identification methods, such as expurgation method, sound intensity analysis, spectrum analysis vibro-acoustic correlation analysis and so on, the pass-by noise control of SC7080A and SC6360B are studied in detail. By the roadway and dais experiments, the major noise and radiating parts are identified and some economical controlling methods are made. For the SC7080A, to control the emissing noise from the intake and shell vibration of air cleaner, a intake muffler is installed between the air cleaner and intake valve. Based on the theory of Helmholtz resonator, One three-parallel-connected resonant silencer is designed and trial-manufactured. For the SC6360B, the attenuation performance of exhaust muffler in high frequency region is improved. To reduce the vibration noise of shell part, the structure of oil sump tank, exhaust manifold shield and exhaust manifold shield are analyzed and improved. At the same time, some measures, such as sound absorption, sound insulation, are taken to reduce the noise of engine surface emissivity and a sound shield is designed.

本文首先综述了目前国内外汽车加速噪声控制的现状、主要方法和技术措施，在此基础上，结合SC7080A和SC6350B汽车的车外加速噪声水平及现状，综合运用分别运行法、声强法、频谱分析法、声振相干函数法等现代噪声源识别方法，对SC7080A和SC6360B汽车进行了准确详细的车外加速噪声源识别并提出了经济可行的控制方案，针对SC7080A，主要在空气滤清器和进气阀门之间的进气管道上加装进气消声器，抑制空气滤清器壳体表面和进气口两处的噪声辐射，根据Helmholtz共振腔原理设计了三腔并联旁支型共振消声器，并进行了工程化设计和试制；针对SC6360B，主要改善了排气消声器在高频段的消声性能，对罩壳类零件进行了结构改进，降低了其表面噪声的辐射，并对发动机舱进行了吸声、隔声处理，设计了发动机隔声罩。

Numerical tests are also conducted to investigate the microphysical effects to the mesocale convective systems. The evaporation of raindrops can strengthen the surface "cold pool" to decease the temperature of rainfall center. The condensation of vapor can lower the air pressure and increase the convergence and updraft so that the convective echo develops stronger. The melting of graupel can cool the air to restrain the convective activity. The falling of precipitation particles can increase the downdraft and induce the outflow nearly the surface. The effect of condensation is the most important among all the microphysical processes. It can change the whole structure of cloud system.

微物理过程对对流系统发展和维持有重要作用：强降水的雨滴蒸发过程会加强"冷池"效应，同时增强了雨带南侧原有的地面中尺度辐合线；凝结潜热在低层诱发了与回波相应尺度的中尺度低压，增强了辐合和上升运动，促进对流发展；霰的融化吸热通过冷却大气会不利于气压下降、气流辐合抬升等过程，降低对流不稳定能量，减缓对流发展；重力拖曳使气块冷却降温，降低对流不稳定能量，并且使低层的气压升高、气流辐散，在近地面附近产生出流，加强地面中尺度辐合线的强度。

Main creative points of the thesis are as following:1. It is the first time to apply 2-D and 3-D turbulent model of the air-water two phases flow to the study on hydraulic properties of groyne. It makes description of the turbulent flow field to be possible precisely. This offers a more accurate method to determine the water surface in channel improvement.2. Based on the results of experiment and simulation for 3-D turbulent model of air-water two phases flow, a new formula to compute the height of damming is built.3. Based on the 2-D mode and the formula to compute the height of damming, the subdivision method of 2-D computation for water surface at upstream and downstream.

本文的创新工作主要是：首次将三维水气两相流紊流数学模型应用于丁坝水动力学特性研究，使丁坝附近流场和紊动场的精细描述成为可能，为航道整治中水面线确定提供了一个更为准确的方法；(2)基于水槽实验和三维水气两相流紊流数学模型数值模拟结果，建立了新的丁坝前奎水高度计算公式；(3)基于上述奎水高度计算公式和本文二维水面计算数学模型，首次提出了丁坝上下游二维水面分段计算方法。

An air conditioning system with phase change materials for heat recovery of the rejected heat was experimentally studied for providing a heat reservoir to solve the problem caused by the time difference between the operation of the air conditioning system and hot water supplyand to adjust the heat supply of the heat recovery system and heat needs of users at all time.

利用相变蓄热材料的相变过程将空调系统冷凝热回收并制取热水，解决空调系统运行时段与热水使用时段的时间差以及生活热水的用量与冷凝热量之间的不一致。

An air conditioning system with phase change materials for heat recovery of the rejected heat was experimentally studied for providing a heat reservoir to solve the problem caused by the time difference between the operation of the air conditioning system and hot water supply, and to adjust the heat supply of the heat recovery system and heat needs of users at all time.

利用相变蓄热材料的相变过程将空调系统冷凝热回收并制取热水，解决空调系统运行时段与热水使用时段的时间差以及生活热水的用量与冷凝热量之间的不一致。

Every fact which occurs in the bed, on the banks or in the air over it; the fishes, and their spawning and nests, their manners, their food; the shad-flies which fill the air on a certain evening once a year, and which are snapped at by the fishes so ravenously that many of these die of repletion; the conical heaps of small stones on the river-shallows, the huge nests of small fishes, one of which will sometimes overfill a cart; the birds which frequent the stream, heron, duck, sheldrake, loon, osprey; the snake, muskrat, otter, woodchuck and fox, on the banks; the turtle, frog, hyla and cricket, which make the banks vocal, were all known to him, and, as it were, townsmen and fellow creatures; so that he felt an absurdity or violence in any narrative of one of these by itself apart, and still more of its dimensions on an inch-rule, or in the exhibition of its skeleton, or the specimen of a squirrel or a bird in brandy.

河床上的河岸上的每一个变化，以及空气变化；河中的鱼类及产卵期和汇聚处，它们的行为和食物；河鲱蝇在一年的某天夜里充斥了空气被河中的鱼疯狂吞吃，以至于好多鱼暴胀而亡；在河的浅水湾的一些圆锥形石堆，其中有一个有时能装满一手推车，----这些石堆是一些小鱼的巨巢；那些经常巡游河中的水鸟，苍鹭、鸭子、翘鼻麻鸭、潜水鸟、鱼鹰；河岸的蛇、麝鼠、水獭、啄木鸟和狐狸；还有那使得岸边有了活力的龟、青蛙、雨蛙和蟋蟀----这一切他都熟悉，就像它们是镇子上的人和同类；于是他会感到强烈的荒谬和粗暴在看到任何关于它们的孤零零的描述，以及把它们丰富的内涵压缩在一个方寸的纸上，或展览它们的骨骼，或把一只雀儿和鸟类泡在白兰地酒中保存。

In spring the sun not only exerts an influence through the increased temperature of the air and earth, but its heat passes through ice a foot or more thick, and is reflected from the bottom in shallow water, and so also warms the water and melts the under side of the ice, at the same time that it is melting it more directly above, making it uneven, and causing the air bubbles which it contains to extend themselves upward and downward until it is completely honeycombed, and at last disappears suddenly in a single spring rain.

而在春天，阳光不仅在温度逐渐增加的天空与大地上发挥它的力量，它的热量还透过了一英尺或一英尺以上的厚冰，在浅水处更从水底反射到上面，使水波温暖了，并且溶化了冰的下部，同时从上面，阳光更直接地溶化了冰，使它不均匀了，凸起了气泡，升上又降下，直到后来全部成了蜂窝，到最后一阵春雨，它们全部消失。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。