查询词典 the Logicians

This thesis inductively points out where the logicians did not satisfied with the theory of type mainly lies in two points, the axiom of reducibility first and the vicious-circle principle second. This thesis has discussed Ramsay's improvements as well as the criticism from Godel. Then, it observes that they two had a common view, viz. rejecting the vicious-circle principle from the points of Realism. Against Russell's insisting on this principle, such a rejecting seems so distinguished, which, this thesis argued, was the deep difference between Realism and Nominalism shedding on the reality of classes.

文中主要探讨了莱姆塞对类型论所做的改进以及哥德尔对类型论的批评，指出这二者的共同点是从实在论的立场来拒斥恶性循环原则，他们对恶性循环原则的拒斥同罗素对它的坚持形成了鲜明的对比，本文认为，这种对比所反映出来的差别实际上就是在类的实在性问题上实在论和唯名论的差别。

We reach the same conclusion from a consideration of the concomitant circumstances, taking into account both the hearers and the Institutor, Those who heard the words of Institution were not learned Rationalists, possessed of the critical equipment that would enable them, as philologists and logicians, to analyze an obscure and mysterious phraseology; they were simple, uneducated fishermen, from the ordinary ranks of the people, who with childlike naveté hung upon the words of their Master and with deep faith accepted whatever He proposed to them, This childlike disposition had to be reckoned with by Christ, particularly on the eve of His Passion and Death, when He made His last will and testament and spoke as a dying father to His deeply afflicted children.

我们得出同样的结论，从审议该并存的情况下，考虑到既hearers和institutor ，那些听到的话院校均没有学会理性，具备了最关键的设备，这将使它们，因为语文学家和logicians ，分析一个晦涩和神秘的说法，他们被简单的，没有受过教育的渔民，从普通级别的人，与一个小孩子naveté后，洪的话来说自己的主人，并与笃信接受的，无论他建议对他们来说，这一个小孩子处置不得不不可忽视的，由基督的，尤其是对即将到来的，他的激情和死亡，当他取得了他的最后遗嘱，并作了发言，作为一个垂死的父亲，他深感困扰的儿童。

"Logicians distinguish two main types of implication, material and strict. Proposition p materially implies proposition q if and only if the material conditional p q (read "if p then q") is true"

逻辑学家将蕴涵分成实质的和严格的两种主要类型。p命题实质蕴涵q命题，若且唯若实质条件pq为真

The first faculty has obviously long since been defined by the logicians as that of drawing inferences mediately (as distinct from immediate inferences, consequentis immediatis); but from this we get no insight into the second faculty, which itself generates concepts.

前一种能力固然已由逻辑学家们以间接推理的能力（不同于直接推理即consequentiis immediatis）而作出了解释；但后面这种自身产生概念的能力却还没有借此得到理解。

In proof of this interpretation, examples are quoted from scripture, as:"The seven kine are seven years"(Genesis 41:26) or:"Sara and Agar are the two covenants"(Galatians 4:24), Waiving the question whether the verb "to be" of itself can ever be used as the "copula in a figurative relation" or express the "relation of identity in a metaphorical connection", which most logicians deny, the fundamental principles of logic firmly establish this truth, that all propositions may be divided into two great categories, of which the first and most comprehensive denominates a thing as it is in itself (eg "Man is a rational being"), whereas the second designates a thing according as it is used as a sign of something else (eg,"This picture is my father").

在证明这一点的解释，例如引述经文为：&七凯恩斯是七年&（创41：26 ），或者：&萨拉和琼脂是两个人权公约&（加拉太4时24分），免收问题是否动词&，以&的本身都不能被利用为& Copula的一种形象化的关系&或表述&的关系，身份，在一个隐喻性联系&，其中最logicians否认的，基本原则的逻辑，牢固树立了这个真理，即所有的主张，可分为两个大类，其中第一和最全面的denominates一件事情，因为这是在自己（如：&人是一种理性的&），而第二指定事据，因为它是用来作为标志的东西，别人（例如，&这张照片是我爸爸&）。

One of the most influential medieval logicians and theologians.

其中最有影响力的中世纪logicians和神学家。

Modality is an everlasting subject of study,which has long been one of the research subjects for logicians,philosophers and linguists.

情态是一个古老而又复杂的问题，长期以来就是许多哲学家、逻辑学家和语言学家研究的对象之一。

Including 0 is now the common convention among set theorists, logicians, and computer scientists.

零是一个非常奇特的数。自然数集合为N，也叫正整数。楼上说改了，那么是什么情况？

Chinese have been accustomed to dialectical logic,and it is necessary that the dialeltical logic will be described for logistic system by the logicians,and we shall apply the theory to education.

中国人从古到今使用的都是辩证逻辑，但还有必要把辩证逻辑用一套符号系统科学地刻画出来，并应用于教学。

Most logicians hold that tense reflects time and that tense is a constant argument of the proposition,whereas other logicians adhere to the thesis that tense has nothing to do with the truth-value of the proposition,but that it is a necessary part of the clause which carries the belief that the involved action,etc.should be successful.

逻辑学家一般认为，时态反映时间，时态是判断命题真假的一个常项；尽管也有学者坚持时态与时间无关，但却强调时态是确保小句所述活动能否实现的一个必要成分。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。