the 1

To be different from the already chloromethylation catalyst, it has a certain amount of moisture wet, which will not produce huge amounts of doughtic cancerogenic chloromethyl methyl ether during and after the reaction.4,4\'-bisbiphenyl, 1,4-bisbenzene, 1,4-bis(chloro- methyl)-2,5-dimethylbenzene, 1,5-bis-2,4-dimethylbenzene, 4-(chlor- omethyl)-1,2-dimethylbenzene, 1,2-bis-4,5-dimethylbenzene, 5,8-bis-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, 3,3\',5-tris-4,4\'-bisbiphenyl and 3,3\', 5,5\'-tetrakis-4,4\'-bisbiphenyl were synth- esized by using this new catalyst. Results indicated that when the reaction temperature was 55～60℃, the reaction time was 12h, the catalyst which consists of the concentration of 80%H_2SO_4, HAc and Lewis acid, the amount of Lewis acid 0.15 mol(nLewis:nbiphenyl=1.5:1), yield of biphenyl chloromethylation product 4,4\'-bis(chrolomethylbiphenyl can reach a maximum 85%.

采用这种催化体系完成了4，4′-二氯甲基联苯、对二氯甲基苯、1，4-二氯甲基-2，5-二甲基苯、1，5-二氯甲基-2，4-二甲基苯、4-氯甲基-1，2-二甲基苯、1，2-二氯甲基-4，5-二甲基苯、5，8-二氯甲基-四氢萘、3，3'，5-三氯甲基-4，4'-二甲基苯和3，3'，5，5'-四氯甲基-4，4'-二甲基苯的合成，结果表明：在反应条件为：反应温度55～60℃，反应时间12h，选择80%H_2SO_4、冰醋酸和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.15mol(和原料比为1.5：1)，反应效果最好，联苯氯甲基化产物(4，4′-二氯甲基联苯)收率为85%；在反应条件为：反应温度70℃，反应时间8h，80%H_2SO_4、冰醋酸和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.1mol(和原料比为1：1)时，反应效果最好，苯的氯甲基化产物收(来源：ABd0C论文eded网www.abclunwen.com)率为75%；在反应条件为：在反应条件为：反应温度40℃，反应时间10h，60%H_2SO_4和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.1mol(和原料比为1：1)时，反应效果最好，对二甲苯氯甲基化产物(1，4-二氯甲基-2，5-二甲基苯)收率为78.5%；在反应条件为：反应温度35℃，反应时间10h，60%H_2SO_4、冰醋酸和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.1mol(和原料比为1：1)时，反应效果最好，间二甲苯氯甲基化产物(1，5-二氯甲基-2，4-二甲基苯)收率为81.5%。

In order to investigate the role of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression were evaluated from both protein and gene level by in vivo and in vitro study, We have conducted (1) immunocytochemical analysis and in situ hybridization to examine the alteration in expression of ICAM-1 and it's relationship with interstitial infiltrating cells and TNFα; A total of 64 renal biopsies were classified in three groups according to the degree of cellular proliferation and infiltration in glomerulus;(2) indirect immunofluoresence and immunoblotting. methods to detect the VCAM-1 level both in renal tissue and in serum from the patients of lupus nephritis (17cases) and crescentic nephritis (4 cases);(3) Cell ELISA and northern blot technique to study the effects of TNFα and IL-1β on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 surface expression and gene expression by cultured human mesangial cells .

为了探讨ICAM-1和VCAM-1在肾小球疾病中的作用，本文从蛋白质和基因两个水平，整体（研究ICAM-1时根据肾小球内细胞增生和浸润程度，将64例病人分为A.B.C三组）和细胞培养两个方面，做了如下工作，（1）利用免疫细胞化学和原位杂交技术观察了ICAM-1在64例肾小球疾病患者中的表达及其与间质浸润细胞、TNFα之间的关系；（2）利用间接免疫荧光和膜免疫印迹方法检测了VCAM-1在17例狼疮肾炎和4例新月体肾炎病人肾组织及血清中的表达；（3）利用细胞ELISA和Northern杂交技术研究了IL-1β或TNFα对体外培养的人肾小球系膜细胞ICAM-1和／或VCAM-1表面表达及mRNA表达的调节作用。

The new synthetic technology of some important anthraquinone intermediates derived from 1-amino- anthraquinone, l-amino-4-hydroxy-anthraquinone, l-amino-4-bromo- anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid, 1,5- and 1,8 dinitro- anthraquinone, have been studied.

本文研究了几种重要的由1-氨基蒽醌衍生的蒽醌型中间体：1-氨基-4-羟基蒽醌、1-氨基-4-溴蒽醌-2-磺酸和1，5-及1，8-二硝基蒽醌的合成化学，在此基础上开发了上述中间体的合成新技术。现行1-氨基-4-羟基蒽醌的生产技术是从1-氨基蒽醌出发，经二溴化再水解制得，溴的耗量在1.5mol以上。

The object function of IGM(1,1) is unable to be gained by classical optimization approaches due to its discontinuousness and non-differentiability. We design a genetic algorithm for IGM(1,1) based on its characteristics and test the algorithm with an example. The result acquired shows that the simulation precision of IGM(1,1) model is much higher than that of GM(1,1) mode

由于IGM(1，1)目标函数非连续，不可导，用传统的优化无法求解，本文针对IGM(1，1)模型的特性设计了求解该优化模型的遗传算法并进行了算例验证，求解结果表明了IGM(1，1)模型的模拟精度远高于GM(1，1)模型。

The BVOCs flux from Populus alba × berolinensis, Salix babylonica, Ulmus pumila, Gleditsia japonica, Syringa oblate and Ligustrum obtusifolium in Shenyang were 104.86tC·y-1, 168.66tC·y-1, 3.56tC·y-1, 1.27tC·y-1, 4.07tC·y-1 and 1.33tC·y-1, respectively.

在实测数据基础上，估算出沈阳市6种主要绿化树种银中杨、垂柳、榆树、皂角、丁香和水腊在自然条件下的BVOCs年排放量分别为104.86tC，168.66tC，3.56tC，1.27tC，4.07tC和1.33tC。

For the protein side chain,the band at 1 368 cm-1 assigned to the "buried" tryptophan shifted to 1 365 cm-1 of the "exposed" and the relative intensity reduced 59%. The relative intensity of 635 cm-1 assigned to the gauche conformation of the C—S decrased 15% and the band at 725 cm-1 increased 58%.These indicate that the structure of the protein changed in the diabetic serum.The relative intensity at 1 449 cm-1 assigned to the lipids characteristic increased 58%.The relative intensity of the glucide characteristic at 1 331,1 099 and 740 cm-1 increased 35%,100% and 62%,respectively.

蛋白质侧链色氨酸吲哚环&埋藏式&的谱线1 368 cm-1位移到&暴露式&的1 365 cm-1，且相对强度减少了59%；侧链C—S键的扭曲构象的谱线635 cm-1相对强度减少了15%，而反式构象的谱线725 cm-1增加了58%，说明C—S键的扭曲构象部分转变为反式构象，表明糖尿病人血清中蛋白质的有序结构发生变化；类脂物特征峰1 449 cm-1相对强度增加了58%，与糖类有关的特征峰谱线1 331，1 099和740 cm-1相对强度分别增加了35%，100％和62%，从而表明糖尿病人血清中与脂类和糖蛋白有关的物质含量增加。

In the first part, five new 4-acyl pyrazolone 4-ethyl-thiosemicarbazones compounds: 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-4-(4-bromo)benzal-pyrazol-5-one N(4)-ethyl-thiosemicarbazone (PM4Br BP-ETSC), 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-4-(4-methyl)benzal-pyrazol-5-one N(4)-ethyl-thiosemicarbaz -one (PM4MBP-ETSC), 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzal-pyrazol-5-one N(4)-ethyl-thiosemicarba -zone, 1,3-diphenyl-4-benzal-pyrazol-5-one N(4)-ethyl-thiosemicarbazone and 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-4-phenylacetyl-pyrazol-5-one N(4)-ethyl-thiosemi -carbazone have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H NMR spectra and single-crystal XRD.

第一部分合成了五个4-酰基吡唑啉酮缩4-乙基-氨基硫脲化合物：1-苯基-3-甲基-4-（4-溴）苯甲酰基-5-吡唑啉酮缩4-乙基-氨基硫脲(PM4BrBP-ETSC)，1-苯基-3-甲基-4-(4-甲基)苯甲酰基-5-吡唑啉酮缩4-乙基-氨基硫脲(PM4MBP-ETSC)，1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基-5-吡唑啉酮缩4-乙基-氨基硫脲，1，3-二苯基-4-苯甲酰基-5-吡唑啉酮缩4-乙基-氨基硫脲和1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯乙酰基-5-吡唑啉酮缩4-乙基-氨基硫脲，其中前四个具有光致变色性质。

In the third chapter, the synthesis of5-[(1"S)-1",2"-diacetyl-oxyethyl]-1-phenylpyrazol-3-carboxaldehyde oxime(2) from5-[(1"S)-1",2"-diacetyl-oxyethyl]-1-phenylpyrazol-3-carboxaldehyde(1) and phenyl-hydrazine were introduced firstly. The synthesis of nine dioxapyrrolino[3,4-c]pyrazoles containing chiral pyrazolyl moiety(6a-i) from 2 with N-substituted-phenylmaleimide by nonmetal oxidant IBD-initiated intermolecular 1,3-dipolarcycloaddition was described in detail.

第三章首先以5-[(1′S)-1′，2′-二乙酰氧基乙基]-1-苯基吡唑-3-醛(1)和苯肼为原料，合成了化合物5-(1′S)-1′，2′-二乙酰氧基乙基1-1-苯基吡唑-3-醛-苯腙(2)；再用化合物(2)与N-取代苯基马来酰亚胺反应，利用无金属氧化剂—IBD引发1，3-偶极反应，发生分子间的环加成，合成了9种新型手性吡唑连二氧代吡咯啉并

In thesecond chapter, eleven 1,3,4-oxadizoles bearing chiral pyrazolyl moieties(4a-k) andfive triazolotriazines bearing chiral pyrazolyl moieties(5a-e) were obtained from5-[(1"S)-1",2-diacetyl-oxyethyl]-1-phenylpyrazol-3-carboxaldehyde(1) with arylcar-bohydrazide or (5-aryl-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)hydrazine through an intramolecular1,3-dipolar cycloaddition in the presence of the non-metal oxidant IBD.

其中第二章介绍了以D-葡萄糖为原料制得的5-[(1′S)-1′，2′-二乙酰氧基乙基]-1-苯基吡唑-3-醛(1)分别与芳基甲酰肼、(5-取代苯基-1，2，4-三嗪-3-基)肼反应，在无金属氧化剂—IBD引发下，发生分子内1，3-偶极环加成，采用&一锅煮&法合成了11种含手性吡唑基的1，3，4-噁二唑类化合物(4a-k)和5种含手性吡唑基的三唑并三嗪类化合物(5a-e)。

All those whom God has predestinated to life, and those only, he is pleased, in his appointed and accepted time, effectually to call, Ro 8:30 11:7 Eph 1:10,11 by his word and Spirit, 2Th 2:13,14 2Co 3:3,6 out of that state of sin and death in which they are by nature, to grace and salvation by Jesus Christ; Ro 8:2 Eph 2:1-5 2Ti 1:9,10 enlightening their minds spiritually and savingly to understand the things of God; Ac 26:18 1Co 2:10,12 Eph 1:17,18 taking away their heart of stone, and giving to them an heart of flesh; Eze 36:26 renewing their wills, and by his almighty power determining them to that which is good; Eze 11:19 Php 2:13 De 30:6 Eze 36:27 and effectually drawing them to Jesus Christ; Eph 1:19 Joh 6:44,45 yet so as they come most freely, being made willing by his grace. So 1:4 Ps 110:3 Joh 6:37 Ro 6:16-18 2 This effectual call is of God's free and special grace alone, not from any thing at all foreseen in man; 2Ti 1:9 Tit 3:4,5 Eph 2:4,5,8,9 Ro 9:11 who is altogether passive in it, until, being made alive and renewed by the Holy Spirit, 1Co 2:14 Ro 8:7 Eph 2:5 he is enabled by it to answer this call, and to embrace the grace offered and conveyed in it.

2Jo 1：9-11 1Co 16：22 Ga 1：6-8 1 ）所有的人对上帝有predestinated人生观，以及那些只，他很高兴，在他的任命，并接受了时间，有效地打电话，滚装8：30 11时07分弗1：10，11由他的文字和精神， 2th 2：13，14 2co 3：3，6出该国的罪恶和死亡的来信，他们都是本质上说，以恩典和救赎，由耶稣基督；滚装8：2弗2：1-5 2ti 1：9，10启发他们的头脑，在精神上和savingly了解事情的上帝；交流电26：18 1co 2：10，12弗1：17，18拿走他们铁石心肠，并给他们一个心脏的果肉；新教徒协会36：26自强不息他们的遗嘱，以自己的全能的能力决定他们说，这是个好；新教徒协会11时19分的PHP 2时13德30：6新教徒协会36：27 ，并有效地借鉴他们耶稣基督；弗1：19 joh 6：44，45然而，让他们来最自由，正在取得愿意由他的恩典，所以1：4的PS 110：3 joh 6时37滚装6：16-18 2 ）本显效呼吁是上帝的自由和特别恩典单，而不是由任何事情在所有能预见在男子； 2ti 1时09山雀3：4，5厄2：4，5，8，9滚装9时11分，他们是完全处于被动，直到，正活着，并再次由圣灵1co 2时14滚装8时07弗2时05分，他是启用的，它要回答这个号召，并接受恩典提供，并转达了此事。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。