查询词典 thawing

Research purposes: The anti- frost heaving measures for the surface of subgrade in permafrost region and the anti-heat thawing measures for the subgrade of poor and rich ice frozen soil are put forward based on the analysis of the characteristics of surface frost heaving and bottom thawing of subgrade in permafrost region.

研究目的：本文从分析冻土区路基表层的冻胀特征和底层的融沉特征入手，提出路基结构设计中冻土区路基表层的防冻胀措施以及低含冰量冻土和高含冰量冻土路基的防热融措施。

Freezing soil is a natural phenomina in cold and mountain areas, which has great impact on the regional climate, water cycle, and water balance. The land surface process in the condition of soil freezing and thawing is one of the most important process in the area. This paper firstly reviews the present study on land surface process in the condition of soil freezing and thawing, especially the development after the the hydrological land surface model introduced into the study of General Circulation Model, then introduces the undergoing international research project, such as Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterization Schemes and Cold Land Process Field Experiment by NASA, and finally analyses and puts forward the future research field and topics.

冻土是全球中高纬地区和高山地带普遍存在的自然现象，它对全球以及区域性气候、水循环、水平衡等都有着巨大的影响，土壤冻融条件下的陆面过程正是这种影响的重要环节，介绍了土壤冻融条件下陆面过程的研究现状，特别是在大气环流模型中引入水文陆面模型以来陆面过程研究的迅猛发展，对现在国际上正在进行的考虑冻土的陆面过程研究项目，如陆面过程参数化比较计划的第二阶段第五期PILPS (2E)以及美国NASA的寒区陆面过程实地试验计划也进行了介绍，并在此基础上对土壤冻融条件下陆面过程的发展趋势进行了分析。

The main experimental results are as follows:(1) the moving border is related with the size of grain, size of thawing hole and type of material. However, the piling height of grain has little effect on the moving border;(2) the flow speed of grain is effected by size of grain and size of thawing hole.

研究结果表明，(1)移动边界与散体的材料、颗粒的尺寸大小、放矿口大小等因素有关，而散体堆积高度对其影响不大；(2)散体的流动速度与散体颗粒的大小和放矿口尺寸有关。

The relationship among the moving border, size of thawing hole, size of grain, type of grain and the height of grain is studied. The relationship between the size of thawing hole and the released quantity is studied by plane pattern and stereo pattern.

试验内容有放矿口大小与散体移动带试验；不同散体粒径与散体移动带试验、不同散体材料与散体移动带试验；平面和立体模型时放矿口尺寸对放出量影响试验；散体堆积高度与散体移动带试验。

Effect of recovery methods after thawing After thawing, the highest viability was obtained when beads of Pavlova viridis were incubated in culture medium for 48h in darkness at room temperature. As to other two algae,the suitable recovery method was to incubate beads over saturated NaCl solution in a closed jar for 12h in darkness at room temperature.

化冻后恢复方法的影响化冻后，绿色巴夫藻的胶球在培养基中室温下暗放置48h后存活率最高；另两种金藻在含有过饱和的NaCl溶液(75%RH)的密闭气相中室温下暗放置12h存活率最高。

The experiment shows the specimen's freezing and thawing repellence of 100% recycled aggregate concrete with city garbage melting slag, compared with specimen of the normal concrete whose coarse and fine aggregate's replacement ratio is 0%,the durability number indexes of using water and cement ratio 0.45 and 0.65 respectively decreased 5.3% and 7.9%,but all can satisfy the lowest index for evaluating freezing and thawing repellence.

试验结果表明，城市垃圾熔渣再生混凝土试件的冻融循环抵抗性与粗、细骨料置换率为0%的普通混凝土试件相比，水灰比0.45、0.65时的耐久性指数分别降低5.3%和7.9%，但都能满足评价冻融循环抵抗性的最低指标。

5Researches show that changes of resistivity,temperature,pressure and deformationduring freezing-thawing cycles are real-time and synchronical,which proves that it is feasibleto study the changes of soil structure during freezing-thawing and problem of strength-deformation under external load by using electrical resistivity method.

5通过单轴载荷与冻融作用下冻土电阻率特性试验研究表明土体电阻率与应力-应变关系、正冻正融过程以及土体温度的变化具有很好的同步性，说明利用电阻率实时观测的方法研究冻融循环过程、冻融作用对土体结构影响以及载荷作用下土体强度与变形问题是可行的

During thawing period, its soil water changes as season changes (the dynamic rule of soil water has the important relation of the season): from June to July the quality-moisture content of soil water gradually increases and reaches the highest, and from July to August it begins to decreases. The range of the quality-moisture content of the ground litter and humus layer is lower than the illuvial horizon whose quality-moisture content is gradually increasing in this thawing season.

在土壤冻土融化期，草类落叶松林土壤水分存在明显的季节性变化，土壤枯枝落叶层、腐殖质层质量含水量比淀积层质量含水量变化幅度大；6～7月份土壤含水量逐渐增加，达到最高；8月份以后土壤含水量开始降低；土壤淀积层质量含水量保持逐渐上升趋势；坡顶土壤质量含水量明显小于坡底土壤质量含水量。

According to measured data of ground temperature along QXH, the relationships among thermal thaw-erosion sensibility, freezing-thawing process, seasonally thawing depth and permafrost ground temperature, among permafrost temperature, mean annual ground temperature and seasonally thaw depth and among surface landscape stability, freezing-thawing hazards and their forming possibility are systemically analyzed.

通过青藏公路沿线实测资料，分析了冻土热融蚀敏感性与冻融过程、季节融化深度及多年冻土顶板温度关系；冻土热稳定性与多年冻土顶板温度、年平均地温及季节融化深度的关系；地表景观稳定性与冻融灾害之间的关系及产生的可能性。

In the experiment, three thawing methods, such as washing by water at 40℃, exposing at the room temperature of 25℃, and washing by tap water were used to estimate the effects of thawing methods on the survival rate after cryopreservation. The results showed that the relative survival rate of the calli with proembryos was higher than that of the general calli; and that different thawing methods had the same effect on the survival rate of longan calli by cryopreservation.

结果表明，具有原胚分化的胚性愈伤组织保存后的存活率明显高于普通胚性愈伤组织；40℃温水浴、25℃左右室温和自来水冲洗等3种不同的化冻方式对龙眼胚性愈伤组织玻璃化超低温保存后的存活率具有同样的效果。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。