查询词典 thaw

Therefore liquid CO_2 avoids gas-solid multiphase flow, and supplies continuous low temperature gas for cryoprobe. Experimental results show that the 2-dimension temperature distribution for the first time, it includes:(1) The cooling velocity and freezing zone increases along the flux up at certain size of the cryoprobe in the same biological tissue.(2) As the diameter of cryoprobe increases, the temperature will descend faster, freezing zone will be broader obviously, and ice ball become larger. Until it arrives heat balance, the temperature keeps invariability.(3) Single freezing-thaw results in biggish mechanical injury already for loosen tissue such as pork liver; Successive freeze-thaw circle could quicken freezing and thaw velocity for compact tissue, and it has proved the more mechanical injury of successive freeze-thaw circle than the single freezing-thaw treatment.

文中首次对生物组织进行了二维温度场分布实验研究，得出：(1)当刀头大小一定，对同一组织冷冻时，流量越大，降温速度越快，降温影响区域越大；(2)随着冷刀直径的增加，降温速度随着增加；温度影响区域明显增大；冰球直径也随着增大，热量平衡后温度几乎不随时间变化；(3)对于结构疏松组织比如猪肺脏，单次冻融对组织已造成较大的机械破损；对于结构较致密组织，多次反复冻融可以使降温和复温速率增加，单次冻融的热应力造成的机械破损较小，多次冻融后造成的机械破损比单次冻融所造成的机械破损大；(4)直喷式刀头比导热式节能约15％。

Among the slope instability types, thaw slumping is the most hazardous to engineering projects. The ground temperature data of long-term monitoring in the typical thaw slumping indicates that average ground temperature increases and annual fluctuation of ground temperature are reducing under the thaw slumping. The reason is that the heat flux entering permafrost reduces.

针对典型热融滑塌进行的温度监测资料表明，在滑塌的影响下，其下多年冻土地温年变化幅度趋小而年平均地温升高，导致产生这一现象的原因在于每年进入多年冻土的冷能有所降低。

Based on the research of thaw time and RF and penetration depth of frozen Spanish mackerel, the experiments results validated RF thaw method if superior to microwave thaw and other usually used methods.

本实验对冷冻水产品的复合相介电常数模型、实部和虚部进行了分析研究，在分析研究冷冻鲅鱼的解冻时间、射频穿透深度的基础上，通过实验验证了射频解冻的质量优于微波解冻和一般常用的解冻方法。

The frost heaving and thaw settlement processes have the critical effects on the civil engineering in the cold regions. In the global scale, these phenomena still lead to the primary disaster problems, in despite of some progresses on the study of freeze-thaw action.

尽管冻土冻融过程的研究已经取得一些进展，但迄今为止，随冻融过程而发生的冻胀和融沉问题仍然是引起寒区道路工程病害比较突出的问题。

Test results show that the shear strength parameters of the fly ash with high calcium oxide content can make a notable change due to pozzolanic action and frost and thaw cycles, but for the fly ash with low calcium oxide content this phenomenon is not very obvious,and the influence of the frost and thaw cycles can be neglected.

试验结果表明，高氧化钙含量的粉煤灰的强度指标受上述两种作用的影响显著；低氧化钙含量的粉煤灰的强度指标在凝硬作用下也有所提高，但基本不受冻融作用的影响；干贮粉煤灰的渗透系数受凝硬和冻融作用的影响较小。

Retrogressive erosion data of long-term monitoring in the typical thaw slumping indicates that expanding of the thaw slumping fluctuates along with the ground temperature's annual fluctuation, and expanding mostly takes place in 7~9 months. The maximal expanding appears at the direction of the slope tendency.

滑坡溯源侵蚀范围监测资料表明，滑塌范围的扩展随地温的周期变化波动进行，并主要集中在7~9月，最大扩展范围出现在沿坡体倾向方向。

According to measured data of ground temperature along QXH, the relationships among thermal thaw-erosion sensibility, freezing-thawing process, seasonally thawing depth and permafrost ground temperature, among permafrost temperature, mean annual ground temperature and seasonally thaw depth and among surface landscape stability, freezing-thawing hazards and their forming possibility are systemically analyzed.

通过青藏公路沿线实测资料，分析了冻土热融蚀敏感性与冻融过程、季节融化深度及多年冻土顶板温度关系；冻土热稳定性与多年冻土顶板温度、年平均地温及季节融化深度的关系；地表景观稳定性与冻融灾害之间的关系及产生的可能性。

Comparison results show that heat pipe work is not continuous but fluctuant in one work cycle about five months,its actual working time is two-thirds of one work cycle,the cooling effect of heat pipe subgrade in winter is obvious,which is good for the contained cool increase of soil body and improves subgrade heat stabilization,there is a decrease for its cooling strength with the increase of horizontal distance,its effective operating radius is 2.25 m,its maximum cooling strength is in evaporation segment in depth direction,which low the thaw sensitivity of permafrost in the seasonal thaw layer about permafrost table.

研究发现，热棒在约为5个月的工作周期内并非连续工作而呈波动式，实际工作时间为工作周期的2/3；热棒路基冬季降温效果明显，有利于路基土体冷储量增加，提高路基热稳定性；热棒在路基中的降温强度，水平方向随距离增大而衰减，有效作用半径为2.25 m，深度方向在热棒蒸发段最大，降低上限附近季节融化层冻土热融敏感性。

The heat insulation materials of the XPS of which decrease embankment height, thermal pipes setup in sun-facing side of embankment, crushed rock cover and shading board are used to adjust the subgrade damages caused by the thaw basin. Crushed rock-based embankment and both sides thermal pipes are used to adapted to subgrade damages caused by thaw-sandwich layer. The berms are adapted to subgrade damages caused by the frozen bulge.

针对融化盘偏移所引发的病害，提出可采用XPS板路基降低路基高度，或在阳坡一侧采用热棒路基、碎石护坡路基、遮阳板路基等工程措施进行治理；针对融化夹层所引发的病害，提出可采用片块石路基、双侧热棒路基进行治理；针对冻结核发育所引发的病害，提出可采用防水保温护道进行治理。

The subgrade damages are divided into two-types: high subgrade and low subgrade damages. High subgrade damages of which are related to the embankment height and slope directions maily include longitudinal cracks and subgrade cracks. The higher of the embankment height, the greater of the happening rate. The mechanisms of high subgrade damages formation are analyzed by the observed dates of soil temperature within the embankment and damages survey. In warm permafrost regions, the damages are mainly caused by the formation and development of the thaw bulb and thaw layer. In cold permafrost regions, the damages are mainly caused by frozen bulges.

围绕这些病害特征及形成过程，提出了将多年冻土区填土路基病害分为低路基病害与高路基病害，目前青藏公路路基的病害形式主要表现为以纵向裂缝与路基开裂为主的高路基病害，并提出了高路基病害与路基高度及坡向直接相关，路基高度越高，高路基病害发生的几率越大；通过对高路基地温观测数据的分析，并结合高路基病害的调查结果，研究得出了不同地温区高路基病害的形成机理，提出高温冻土区主要是由于融化盘与融化夹层的形成与发展所引起的，低温冻土区主要是由于冻结核的形成与发展所引起的。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？