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This work contributed essentially to optimal planning of refinery management. A strategy for solving the decision problem of short—term refinery planning is proposed, that is, to obtain the real time information of unit operations and environmental conditions by means of computer simulation, to dynamically configurate and modify the decision model depending on both simulation and expert reasoning, to make decision analysis and short—term production plan with the aid of expert simulation system. In this paper, a new approach cellad ESDSS was proposed by integrating DSS and expert simulation system . As a case study of ESDSS, a so called RESDSS was constructed, which is composed of seven subsystems, namely: data base subsystem, model base subsystem, method base subsystem, knowledge base subsystem, experiment base subsystem, human computer interaction subsystem, and expert simulation executing subsystem. The main results and contributions of this work are as follows:(1) A novel approach of DSS named ESDSS was proposed, which integrates DSS and ESS.

本文关于炼油生产专家仿真决策支持系统原型的研究从炼油企业优化生产管理的角度出发，以&利用仿真技术获取装置操作和环境条件的动态变化信息，依靠专家方法仿真实现决策模型的生成和修改，凭借专家仿真决策支持系统辅助高层领导者实施决策分析和制定短期生产计划&作为炼油生产短期计划决策问题的求解策略，在综合考虑决策支持系统（Decision Sup-port Systems，简称DSS）和专家仿真系统（Expert Simulation System，简称ESS）特点的同时把这两个系统结合在一起而提出&专家仿真决策支持系统（Ex-pert Simulation Decision Support System，简称ESDSS）&这一新的构思。

At the short-term level (from 4 to 6 months), there is a momentum profit for both win portfolio and loss portfolio, while at the long-term level (from 12 to 24 months), overreaction is obvious for both, and contrariant strategies will get 14.36% abnormal return.

研究结果发现，在短期水平上，形成期和持有期均为 4～ 6个月的投资组合，无论赢家组合还是输家组合都存在一定程度的动量利润，赢家组合的动量利润大约为输家组合的 2倍。

Using a purely feed forward neural network model, we show that following repeated directional activation, NMDA-dependent long-term potentiation/long-term depotentiation could result in an experience-dependent asymmetrization of receptive fields.

我们用纯粹的前馈神经网络模型研究表明在重复定向激活后，NMDA依赖的长期增益作用/长期减弱作用导致依赖经验的接收区不对称。

In this situation, government needs to exert the function of stimulating the development of economy by globalization and constitute all kinds of policy to ensure its effectiveness. On the other hand, we should also be cautious of the destroyable effect of globalization to economy security and constitute long-term and short-term policy to minimize its destroy degree.

在这种情况下，各国政府一方面需要发挥全球化促进经济增长的功能，并制定各种政策使其发挥最大效力；另一方面需要时刻警惕全球化对经济安全的破坏作用，制定各种短期和长期政策，使其破坏程度达到最小。

Although etymologically the term is applicable to any kind of skepticism, TH Huxley coined the term to signify religious skepticism.

虽然etymologically的任期是适用于任何种类的怀疑，次赫胥黎创造一词意味着宗教持怀疑态度。

It is quite different from the post-term refusal of carrying out a contract, for it is expective right, instead of actual obligatory right, that has been infringed. Moreover, anticipatory repudiation may be avoided: as the contract term has not expired, on the occasion that the party concerned completes all his obligations under the contract in due time.

它与合同履行期届至后明确拒绝履行合同的情况有较大的差别，因为它侵害的是一种期待债权，而非现实债权，且由于尚未到合同履行期限，因而明示预期违约也有可能会因当事人最终实际按约履行而消除。

Judged from the studies of other omnivorous fish species (Cui et al., unpublished), the total metabolism at the maximum feeding level (R〓+R〓, KJ/d) determined in the short term respiration trials for gibel carp was equal to half of the total metabolism calculated by the difference through long term growth trial.

由其它杂食性鱼类的研究结果推测，通过短期呼吸实验测定的最大摄食率条件下异育银鲫总代谢仅相当于生长实验中通过差减法计算的总代谢的1/2。

The relationship between standard metabolism (R〓, mgO〓/h/fish), wet weight and temperature was: lnRs=0.830+0.021T+0.670lnW in short term respiration trials. The relationship between feeding metabolism rate (R〓, mgO〓/g/d) and feeding rate was R〓=0.264C+36. 740 determined in short term respiration trials. The relationship between feeding metabolism , body weight and temperature for gibel carp at maximum feeding rate was R〓=-6. 237+0.697lnW+1. 940lnT.

异育银鲫标准代谢（R〓，mgO〓/h·fish）与水温及体重的关系可表述为：lnR〓=-0.830+0.021T+0.670lnW；异育银鲫摄食代谢率（R〓，mgO〓/g/d）与摄食率的关系可表述为：R〓=0.264C+36.740；结合以上两个模型进行推测，最大摄食率条件下异育银鲫摄食代谢与水温及体重的关系可表述为：R〓=-6.237+0.697lnW+1.940T

The use of prosthesis for hiatal repaire reduces the risk of short-term recurrence of post operation herniation. Further investigation about the long term effect and safety is required.

使用人工补片进行裂孔重建明显降低术后近期裂孔庙的发生危险，具有良好的应用前景，但远期效果和安全性有待长期观察的结果进一步明确。

With the IAP Prediction System of Short-term Climate Anomaly, two sets of seasonal and extra-seasonal ensemble hindcasts have been performed during the period of 1980～1994 in order to assess the prediction skill of the IAP PSSCA with two different schemes The difference of the two schemes is in the different version of AGCM used, with the IAP AGCM 1 1 in one scheme and the IAP AGCM 1 2 with an improved surface albedo parameterization in the other Comparisons of the hindcast results with the observations show that IAP PSSCA is capable of predicting the precipitation anomaly to some extent In the eastern China largely affected by Asian monsoon and SST anomalies, the prediction skill is relatively high, especially in the Southeastern China where the anomaly correlation coefficient can reach as high as 0 50 in the severe flood and drought years This may suggest that the possible mechanisms for these severe disasters have been well captured by the IAP PSSCA The prediction skill is higher for the modified model AGCM 1 2 as the model's climatological state is well simulated This indicates that models with reasonable land process will improve the prediction skill for short-term climate prediction

利用中国科学院大气物理研究所研制的短期气候距平数值预测系统，种版本的大气环流模式：AGCM 1.1和AGCM 1.2，分别以2月11～19日的9天大气观测值为初始场，以给定海温为边界场，对1980～1994年的15年的降水异常进行了两组集合后报试验。对试验结果进行定量评估表明：IAP PSSCA对降水异常具有一定的预测能力，特别是在中国东部受东亚季风及海温异常影响的地区，IAP PSSCA具有较高的预报技巧，其中以东南区域(包括江淮流域和华南地区)最高，尤其是对有洪涝灾害的降水异常年，距平相关系数在0.50左右，接近可供业务使用的要求，说明模式能够抓住在东亚季风区存在的某种物理机制，从而提高了这一地区的预报技巧；另外，两个大气环流模式相比，改进了地表反照率的AGCM 1.2的15年集合平均预测技巧略高于AGCM 1.1，特别是在华北地区，预测效果有明显提高，这表明改进地表反照率从而改进了模式的气候平均态的模拟，能提高气候模式的预测能力，说明较好的陆面过程引入模式对短期气候预测是有益的。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐