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Based on a lot of experiments, it shows the distinct error between classical theory curve which express the relation of cell diameter, cell density and foam tensile strength , tensibility tensile product and re-spring degree and experiment curve. It also can＇t explain the relation of hole degree , area of cell wall with above four mechanics parameter. But the sub-cluster scale theory was demonstrated successfully to explain the relation of cell structure and foam mechanics property on different mold temperature, mold pressure, mold period and different chemical blowing agent, blowing activator content.

通过大量的实验结果理论分析表明：以往的经典理论存在着很多不足之处，它不能有效地解释孔径、泡孔密度与抗拉强度、断裂伸长率、断裂功、及回弹率之间的理论曲线与实验曲线之间的偏差，也不能解释空隙度、泡孔壁厚与上面四者之间的关系，而群子标度理论则成功地论证了在不同模压温度、模压压力、模压时间及不同用量发泡剂、发泡促进剂条件下泡体力学性能与结构之间的相关性。

It has shown that the tensile index and ring crush index of handsheets were increased by 15.90% and 9.65%, when phenol-formaldehyde resin modified by diethylene triamine was used in OCC pulp alone (the dosage of resin was 1.0%), and then adding cationic starch to pulp (the dosage of starch was 1.0%), the tensile index and ring crush index of handsheets were increased by 32.81% and 29.29%.

实验结果表明，二乙烯三胺改性的酚醛树脂单独作用于OCC废纸浆时(用量为1.0%)，抗张指数和环压指数分别增加了15.90%和9.65%，当加入阳离子淀粉时(用量为1.0%)，抗张指数和环压指数分别增加了32.81%和29.29%。

The results indicate that the formation of loess vertical joints can be divided into two phases:① the formation of inner fissure, i.e. in the beginning of deposition, the undulation of terrain leads to uneven distribution of loess, then when it rains uneven collapsibility generates, which leads to generate inner fissures ;② the stage of fissure extension, namely loess continues deposition after the inner fissures have been formed, the increasing of the top pressure makes the top of inner fissure lie in the state of tensile stress, so, when the stress reaches its tensile strength, the inner fissure extends along the vertical direction and then becomes a vertical joint.

结果表明黄土垂直节理的形成可分为 2 个阶段：①内裂隙形成阶段，开始沉积时，由于地形的起伏导致黄土厚度上的分布不均匀，在降雨时产生不均匀湿陷，从而导致产生内裂隙；②裂隙扩展阶段，内裂隙形成后黄土继续堆积，顶部压力的增长致使裂隙顶部土体受到拉应力作用，当达到其抗拉强度时裂隙就会沿竖直方向产生扩张而形成垂直节理。

The main creating aspects are finding and clarify such a fundamental physical process that the grain boundaries emit vacancies under compressive stress to induce solute non-equilibrium grain boundary dilution and absorb vacancies under tensile stress to induce non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation, formulizing the structural equations and the composition equations in force equilibrium in grain bounary region to describe this physical processes and the kinetic equations for non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation under tensile stress, calculating the modulus in grain boundary region from the expermental data of grain bounday segregation using the structure and coposition equations and calculating the diffusion coefficients of vacancy-solute atom complexes using the kinetic equation simulating the experimental results of grain boundary segregation.

本项目的主要创新点是，发现并阐明了弹性应力场作用下空位与晶界交互作用的基本物理过程：在张应力作用下，晶界会吸收空位，引起溶质非平衡晶界偏聚；压应力作用下，晶界会发射空位，引起非平衡晶界贫化。建立了描述此物理过程的晶界区力学平衡的结构方程和成分方程；？建立了张应力引起的非平衡晶界偏聚动力学方程？；用晶界区力学平衡的结构方程和成分方程？，首次通过实验测量计算出多晶材料晶界区的弹性模量；通过建立的动力学方程模拟实验结果，首次获得溶质原子－空位形成的复合体的扩散系数。

It indicates that the damnification morphology of K9 glass is cleavage damage, the reason of which is that the hoop tensile stress overtops materials'tensile strength. And the materials'damage threshold is inversely proportional to irradiation time.The mathematical model of in-band CW laser irradiating optical material is established.

结果表明：K9玻璃材料的损伤形态为解理破坏，破坏的原因是环向拉伸应力大于材料的抗拉强度，且材料的损伤阈值与辐照时间反向相关，即激光功率密度越高，造成破坏所需的时间越短。

Application experiment shows that the tensile strength of the modified nano-silica-filled vulcanizes is 8.22MPa when the content is 1.0%, elongations of vulcanizes is 823.15%. When the content is higher than 3.5%, the tensile strength increases and reaches 9.28 MPa, elongations of vulcanizes decrease to 746.56%.

应用实验表明，硫化胶中填充1.0%的改性纳米二氧化硅，硫化胶的拉伸强度为8.22MPa，拉断伸长率提高到823.15%；纳米二氧化硅填充量增加至3.5%，拉伸强度增至9.28MPa，拉断伸长率下降到746.56%。

The tensile properties of under-aged 3J21 alloy at room and low temperatures were studied on a universal tensile teat machine. Moreover, a metallographic microscope and X-ray diffractometer were used to analyze the metallographic structure and physical phase of the alloy in a cold rolled and under-aged state. By employing a transmission electron microscope the structure of the alloy under the above-cited two states was observed and the X-ray diffraction results being verified.

在万能拉伸机上对欠时效态3J21合金室温及低温条件下的拉伸性能进行研究，并采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪对冷轧状态和欠时效态的金相组织及物相进行分析，采用TEM观察两种状态的组织和结构，验证了X射线衍射结果。

The results of these analysis show that the initial stress of steel stiffened girder has a significant impact on maximum vertical displacement, maximum tensile stress of pavement surface and maximum shear stress of binding course; the deformation of steel stiffened girder has a significant impact on shear stress of binding course; heavy-vehicle load can increase each control index rapidly; the horizontal force of vehicle load has a significant impact on longitudinal tensile stress of pavement surface and longitudinal shear stress of binding course.

分析结果表明钢加劲梁初始应力对铺装层表面最大竖向位移、铺装层表面最大拉应力与粘结层最大剪应力均有显著影响；钢加劲梁变形对粘结层剪应力影响显著；重车荷载将使各控制指标均急剧增加；车辆荷载的水平力则对铺装层表面纵向拉应力与粘结层纵向剪应力影响显著。

The results showed that the air bubble in the coup site mainly suffered from the tensile force vertical to the impacting direction and the air bubble in the contrecoup site mainly suffered from the compressive force in the impacting direction. Since the property of tensile resistance of the brain tissue is inferior to the property of compressive resistance of the brain tissue, the injury is often easier to occur in the contrecoup site than in coup site.

实验结果表明撞击点处的气泡所受到的作用力主要为压力且来自于短轴方向，即撞击方向；对冲点处的气泡所受到的作用力主要为拉力且来自于长轴方向，即撞击方向的垂直方向。

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As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失