查询词典 temperature

College of Guandong Business, Guanzhou 510320, China）Abstract: Since large-scale vertical quench furnace is voluminous, whose working condition is a typically complex process with distributed parameter, nonlinear, multi-inputs/multi-outputs, close coupled variables, etc, dynamically decoupling control algorithm of temperature distributed parameter system in the furnace was presented, by which the whole system was decoupled to several subsystems and the implementation of controller was simplified. With finite difference approximation, the space and time step size was solved to ensure the convergency of finite difference approximation. After decoupling, the subsystems were controlled with self-learning PID control algorithm. The results show that the temperature control precision and homogeneity are improved; the overshoot and process in temperature rising period are reduced simultaneity.

摘 要：针对大型立式淬火炉体积庞大，工况复杂，炉内温度分布呈本征非均匀性，具有多输入/多输出、非线性、强耦合等特性，难以实现炉内温度高精度高均匀性控制目标等问题，提出一种温度分布参数系统动态解耦控制算法，其原理是：采用有限维逼近方法将对象解耦为多个独立的子系统，简化控制器的实现过程；通过分析有限维逼近方法的收敛性，获得保证收敛性的空间和时间步长应满足的条件；解耦后的子系统采用自学习PID控制算法，实现炉内温度高精度和高均匀性控制以及升温过程的快速性和小超调。

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In this paper, the FIR low-pass digital filtering method is first introduced for reducing the effects of noise signals in the experiment of velocity measurement of high-temperature flue gas flowing in pipe. The experimental results indicated that, only one peak presents in the cross-correlation graph, which is in good agreement with theoretical analysis result. Secondly, the temperature and pressure pulse signals of the high-temperature flue gas, obtained by thermocouple and pressure sensor, are introduced to explain the applicability of sensor characteristics.

本文介绍在测量管内流动的高温烟气流速的实验中采用FIR低通数字滤波器滤波方法可以排除干扰信号的影响的研究，实验结果证明，经过滤波处理后的信号互相关函数的图形不会出现大小相当的多个峰值，符合理论分析的结果；其次，本文还介绍了用热电偶和压力传感器采集的烟气温度和压力脉动信号，分析了传感器特性对相关测速的适应性。

This thesis demonstrates the pre-polymers in a polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals can be polymerized into a polymer film, which can eliminate the aligning capability of the homogeneous alignment layer. Thereafter, the textures of the cholesteric liquid crystals in UV-cured region can be changed from reflective planar texture to the scattered focal conic one. Additionally, the clearing temperature of the liquid crystals can be reduced by doping with chiral dopant or monomers. The cause is the increase of the impurity concentration in LCs. In other words, if the monomers are polymerized, the clearing temperature of LCs in that region should increase due to the decrease of the impurity concentration. Therefore, impurities associated with doping with monomeric and chiral dopants cause the clearing temperature of LCs in cured region to differ from that in uncured region.

本文中，我们提出在高分子聚合物薄膜之胆固醇液晶(polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals，简称PDCLCs)中，利用紫外光使PDCLC中的单体聚合成薄膜，此即为光引致聚合反应，而该薄膜将原本在表面所作的配向膜覆盖且破坏其配向能力，使胆固醇液晶由原本反射的planar结构转换成散射的focal conic结构；另外，有关液晶材料的相变温度会由於掺杂手性分子或单体而降低，此因液晶材料内『杂质』浓度增加，而造成的液晶材料之不纯度增加，最终导致相变温度降低，若搭配上述光引致聚合反应，则由於光照区之单体聚合，使该区域单体占总材料之比例下降，即不纯度降低，进而使液晶材料之相变温度上升，该区域之相变温度与未照光区有所不同。

A Thermally switchable and flexible LCDs:A PDCLC sample is irradiated with a UV light through a photo-mask having the desired patterns, the CLC texture in the UV-cured region is changed from reflective planar texture to the scattered focal conic one. Additionally, the clearing temperature of the LCs in UV-cured regions is higher than that in uncured regions. Therefore, if the cell temperature is lower than Tuc-I (Tuc-I and Tc-I), the scattered patterns are displayed on the reflective background. Moreover, the addressed patterns are invisible when the cell temperature increases higher than Tc-I.

利用紫外光经过透射光罩写入图像，使聚合区域为散射之focal conic态，且该区域之相变温度较未照光区域高，故低於Tuc-I时，散射的focal conic图像显示於反射的planar结构背景上；而介於Tc-I及Tuc-I之间时，散射的focal conic图像显示於穿透的isotropic态背景上；若温度高於Tc-I时，图像与背景皆是isotropic态，亦即关闭显示图像。

Based on the well-know Pennes'' bioheat equation,we calculated theoretically temperature field of HIFU-induced BFR in tissue,and measured spatial temperature rise in BFR induced by HIFU in freshly excised cow liver at constant acoustic intensity and exposure time, and studied the effects of the physical parameters of focused ultrasound transducer such as frequency,outer radius and curvature radius,focal depth, and acoustic intensity and exposure time on the temperature field of HIFU-induced BFR.

采用生物热传导方程理论计算了HIFU生物学焦域温度场，采用微型热电偶探针测量了HIFU辐照离体牛肝时靶组织温度分布；研究了聚焦超声换能器的物理参数、辐照深度和治疗剂量对HIFU生物学焦域温度场的影响；研究了HIFU在牛肝组织中的传播衰减。

Owing to the variety of the temperature will make the stability of the FOG suffer the influence, so must proceed to collect to the temperature signal of the FOG , passing the intelligence system to proceed the analysis to the temperature signal, then within the scope of proceeds the adjustment makes its accuracy kept to need in of.

鉴于温度的变化会使光纤陀螺的稳定性受到影响，所以必须对光纤陀螺的温度信号进行采集，通过智能系统对温度信号进行分析，然后在进行调整使其精度保持在所需要的范围内。

DS18B20 use of the design of digital temperature sensors measure ambient temperature, can provide temperature signals in the four-way acquisition.

本设计中利用 DS18B20 数字化温度传感器测量环境温度，可提供4路温度信号的采集。

For most of the whites, they should be chilled to a low temperature (7-10 degree); a sparkling or Champagne is supposed to be chilled to even lower temperature (4-7 degree); as to some light red wines, the comparatively coldness is good for us to detect the fruitiness of the wine; and for those medium or full red wines, it is unnecessary to keep it cool, just drink at the room temperature (16-18 degree).

对一般的白葡萄酒来说，都应该冰镇一下(7-10度)；气泡酒/香槟则要更低一些(4-7度)；对于那些酒体比较轻盈的红葡萄酒来说，相对的低温有利于保持葡萄酒的水果味，但是那些酒体适中或者饱满的红葡萄酒来说，就不用保持低温了，只要在室温的情况下饮用就可以了，室温通常是16到18度。

Temperature sensors ; Tungsten and rhenium thermocouple ; High temperature fusibility ; Reflowing bed ; Temperature measurement

温度传感器；钨铼热电偶；高温溶体；流化床；温度测量

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷