查询词典 temperature

Kalium and natrium erode into brick at a high temperature in the form of simple substance and result in expansion in self-baking carbon brick, and molten alkali metal oxides adsorbed on the face of brick react with SiO2 and obtain a eutectic mixture which causes expansion at a high temperature, while carbon deposition caused by the reaction of CO and simple substance of kalium and natrium as well as the soot deposition of CO contribute to the lower temperature expansion.

结果表明：膨胀率及碱含量都随温度和时间的增加而增加，膨胀率受时间影响较大，达到8%左右，而受温度影响较小，仅为1%左右；砖内K， Na元素质量分数受时间和温度的影响均较大，分别达到4.5%，5.33%，4.28%，4.46%，且Na侵蚀较K严重；在高温下K， Na是以单质形式侵入砖体内，而熔融碱是吸附在砖体表面并与SiO2：生成低共熔化合物引起高温膨胀，在低温下砖内K，Na单质与CO发生C沉积以及CO发生烟碳沉积反应引起低温膨胀。

The effect of temperature on the characteristic of the granular bed filter at high temperature was investigated, and the formulae of dust removal efficiency and pressure drop with temperature were obtained.

针对工业界的高温除尘问题，采用固体颗粒床除尘方式，对砂砾作为过滤介质的可行性和实用性进行了研究。

College of Guandong Business, Guanzhou 510320, China）Abstract: Since large-scale vertical quench furnace is voluminous, whose working condition is a typically complex process with distributed parameter, nonlinear, multi-inputs/multi-outputs, close coupled variables, etc, dynamically decoupling control algorithm of temperature distributed parameter system in the furnace was presented, by which the whole system was decoupled to several subsystems and the implementation of controller was simplified. With finite difference approximation, the space and time step size was solved to ensure the convergency of finite difference approximation. After decoupling, the subsystems were controlled with self-learning PID control algorithm. The results show that the temperature control precision and homogeneity are improved; the overshoot and process in temperature rising period are reduced simultaneity.

摘 要：针对大型立式淬火炉体积庞大，工况复杂，炉内温度分布呈本征非均匀性，具有多输入/多输出、非线性、强耦合等特性，难以实现炉内温度高精度高均匀性控制目标等问题，提出一种温度分布参数系统动态解耦控制算法，其原理是：采用有限维逼近方法将对象解耦为多个独立的子系统，简化控制器的实现过程；通过分析有限维逼近方法的收敛性，获得保证收敛性的空间和时间步长应满足的条件；解耦后的子系统采用自学习PID控制算法，实现炉内温度高精度和高均匀性控制以及升温过程的快速性和小超调。

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In this paper, the FIR low-pass digital filtering method is first introduced for reducing the effects of noise signals in the experiment of velocity measurement of high-temperature flue gas flowing in pipe. The experimental results indicated that, only one peak presents in the cross-correlation graph, which is in good agreement with theoretical analysis result. Secondly, the temperature and pressure pulse signals of the high-temperature flue gas, obtained by thermocouple and pressure sensor, are introduced to explain the applicability of sensor characteristics.

本文介绍在测量管内流动的高温烟气流速的实验中采用FIR低通数字滤波器滤波方法可以排除干扰信号的影响的研究，实验结果证明，经过滤波处理后的信号互相关函数的图形不会出现大小相当的多个峰值，符合理论分析的结果；其次，本文还介绍了用热电偶和压力传感器采集的烟气温度和压力脉动信号，分析了传感器特性对相关测速的适应性。

This thesis demonstrates the pre-polymers in a polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals can be polymerized into a polymer film, which can eliminate the aligning capability of the homogeneous alignment layer. Thereafter, the textures of the cholesteric liquid crystals in UV-cured region can be changed from reflective planar texture to the scattered focal conic one. Additionally, the clearing temperature of the liquid crystals can be reduced by doping with chiral dopant or monomers. The cause is the increase of the impurity concentration in LCs. In other words, if the monomers are polymerized, the clearing temperature of LCs in that region should increase due to the decrease of the impurity concentration. Therefore, impurities associated with doping with monomeric and chiral dopants cause the clearing temperature of LCs in cured region to differ from that in uncured region.

本文中，我们提出在高分子聚合物薄膜之胆固醇液晶(polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals，简称PDCLCs)中，利用紫外光使PDCLC中的单体聚合成薄膜，此即为光引致聚合反应，而该薄膜将原本在表面所作的配向膜覆盖且破坏其配向能力，使胆固醇液晶由原本反射的planar结构转换成散射的focal conic结构；另外，有关液晶材料的相变温度会由於掺杂手性分子或单体而降低，此因液晶材料内『杂质』浓度增加，而造成的液晶材料之不纯度增加，最终导致相变温度降低，若搭配上述光引致聚合反应，则由於光照区之单体聚合，使该区域单体占总材料之比例下降，即不纯度降低，进而使液晶材料之相变温度上升，该区域之相变温度与未照光区有所不同。

A Thermally switchable and flexible LCDs:A PDCLC sample is irradiated with a UV light through a photo-mask having the desired patterns, the CLC texture in the UV-cured region is changed from reflective planar texture to the scattered focal conic one. Additionally, the clearing temperature of the LCs in UV-cured regions is higher than that in uncured regions. Therefore, if the cell temperature is lower than Tuc-I (Tuc-I and Tc-I), the scattered patterns are displayed on the reflective background. Moreover, the addressed patterns are invisible when the cell temperature increases higher than Tc-I.

利用紫外光经过透射光罩写入图像，使聚合区域为散射之focal conic态，且该区域之相变温度较未照光区域高，故低於Tuc-I时，散射的focal conic图像显示於反射的planar结构背景上；而介於Tc-I及Tuc-I之间时，散射的focal conic图像显示於穿透的isotropic态背景上；若温度高於Tc-I时，图像与背景皆是isotropic态，亦即关闭显示图像。

Based on the well-know Pennes'' bioheat equation,we calculated theoretically temperature field of HIFU-induced BFR in tissue,and measured spatial temperature rise in BFR induced by HIFU in freshly excised cow liver at constant acoustic intensity and exposure time, and studied the effects of the physical parameters of focused ultrasound transducer such as frequency,outer radius and curvature radius,focal depth, and acoustic intensity and exposure time on the temperature field of HIFU-induced BFR.

采用生物热传导方程理论计算了HIFU生物学焦域温度场，采用微型热电偶探针测量了HIFU辐照离体牛肝时靶组织温度分布；研究了聚焦超声换能器的物理参数、辐照深度和治疗剂量对HIFU生物学焦域温度场的影响；研究了HIFU在牛肝组织中的传播衰减。

Owing to the variety of the temperature will make the stability of the FOG suffer the influence, so must proceed to collect to the temperature signal of the FOG , passing the intelligence system to proceed the analysis to the temperature signal, then within the scope of proceeds the adjustment makes its accuracy kept to need in of.

鉴于温度的变化会使光纤陀螺的稳定性受到影响，所以必须对光纤陀螺的温度信号进行采集，通过智能系统对温度信号进行分析，然后在进行调整使其精度保持在所需要的范围内。

DS18B20 use of the design of digital temperature sensors measure ambient temperature, can provide temperature signals in the four-way acquisition.

本设计中利用 DS18B20 数字化温度传感器测量环境温度，可提供4路温度信号的采集。

In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.

在使用帆船的时代，船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。

As long as foreign donors pay the PA's salary bill, few expect a new intifada.

只要外国继续为巴权力机构的薪水买单，希望发动新暴动的人便寥寥无几。