查询词典 temperate zone

On the basis of pollen analysis of surface sample in North China, polynomial function analysis method was applied to establish pollen climate response surface of Pinus, Betula, Quercus, Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Picea, Ephedra, Gramineae in North China, therefore an easy and applicable method for reconstructing palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment with data of fossil pollen was founded; Multi-analysis method was applied to analyse the principal elements of surface sample pollen in central Inner Mongolia Steppe, the assemblages of surface sample pollen in steppe area and its relationship with vegetation type were discussed with helps from spore-pollen analysis of a peat section in Chasuqi, Inner Mongolia and 〓C chronometer, fossil pollen data were obtained with high resolution on the peat section in Chasuqi. Vegetation succession and environmental changes since Holocene at resolution of 70 years were primarily reconstructed in south Mount Daqingshan and Plain Tumete. The changes in the area were copmared with those in the neighbouring areas during the same period. It was found that Holocene environmental change had undergone the following stages: cold-arid, temperate-wet, warm-wet, temperate-arid and cold-arid, and the climatical optimum period occurred in 5000-4100 aB.

本文在对中国北方表土花粉研究的基础上，采用多项式函数回归方法建造了中国北方松属、桦属、栎属、蒿属、藜科、菊科、云杉属、麻黄属、禾本科等的花粉——气候趋势面，从而为利用化石花粉资料直接恢复古气候、古环境提供了一种方便易行的方法；采用多元分析方法对内蒙古中部草原区表土花粉进行了主成分分析，探讨了草原区表土花粉组合的规律及与植被类型的关系；本文还应用孢粉分析方法，结合〓C测年技术，通过内蒙古中部察素齐泥炭剖面高分辨率的化石花粉数据，初步恢复了大青山山地南部及土默特平原地区分辨率为70年的全新世以来植被演替和环境变迁的状况，并与邻近地区的全新世古气候、古环境进行了对比研究，研究发现，本区域全新世古环境的变迁序列基本上可以与周围地区及华北地区进行对比，其环境变迁经历了凉干～温湿～暖湿～温干～凉干的变化，且气候最适宜期出现在5000～4100aB.P。

However, the taxa of strictly tropical distribution are still underrepresented in the flora of southeastern Yunnan compared to Indo-Malaysian flora, and the families of mainly subtropical to temperate distribution, such as Magnoliaceae, Theaceae, Cornaceae, Styracaceae, Symplocaceae, Aquifoliaceae and Caprifoliaceae, are well represented in the flora. Some characteristic families of temperate East Asia, such as Diapensiaceae, Dipentodontaceae, Eupteleaceae, Grossulariaceae and Toricelliaceae are also present in the flora of southeastern Yunnan.

由於位於东南亚热带北缘山地及其地质历史原因，云南东南部的热带植物区系中严格热带分布的成分不多，仍以边缘热带成分为主，并有相对丰富的亚热带－温带科如木兰科、山茶科、山茱萸科、山矾科、忍冬科、冬青科等以及一些东亚和喜马拉雅特徵科，如岩梅科、十齿花科、领春木科、茶藨子科和鞘柄木科，显示了它与东亚温带植物区系也有较多联系。

Asian (47.4%) and temperate genera mainly constituted by North temperate (50%) and E. Asian (50%). So that the geographical elements are discomplex. In the 25 species of arborous layer, 76% is the middle subtropical zonal type, 16% south subtropical zonal type and 8% north subtropical zonal type, of which the first 6 positions of important value index were all middle subtropical zonal type. This showed that the community was subtropical characteristic. There are 59.5% evergreen and 40.5% deblade of 79 known species in which the mid-phaenerophytes is the first position of all, accounting for 27.8%, and the evergreen broad-leaved species constituted the majority of meso-phaenerophytes which accounts for 15.2%.

乔木层多数优势种为稳定型种群，所以乔木层优势区系成分相当稳定，表明该群落为一种顶极群落。59个种子植物属只有10个分布区类型和4个变型，地理成分不复杂，其中热带分布27属占46.6%，温带分布31属占53.4%；热带分布以泛热带和热带亚洲分布为主，分别占52.6%和47.4%，温带分布为北温带和东亚分布各占50%。25个乔木层树种中，中亚热带地理分布类型的占76%，南亚热带地理分布类型的占16%，北亚热带地理分布类型占8%，重要值指数排列前6名的均为中亚热带地理分布类型，所以该群落为亚热带性质。

In this study, the phylogeny of the temperate woody bamboos was reconstructed based on eight non-coding regions of the chloroplast genome and nuclear gene GBSSI using large sample set (124 species in 24 genera) with an emphasis on the Arundinaria group. The monophyly of the temperate woody bamboos was resolved in all phylogenies.

通过大量的野外补点采集和观察，本文收集了温带木本竹类中的24属124种研究材料，利用8个叶绿体非编码区片段以及核基因GBSSI序列数据，以青篱竹属群为主，重建温带木本竹类的系统发育，结果支持温带木本竹类的单系。

The 134 genera of vascular plants had 14 areal-types, including 42 cosmopolitans 55 temperate types 30 tropic types 2 Mediterranean-types, 2 East Asia types and 1 endemic species. The cosmopolitan and temperate type accounted for 31.34% and 41.04% of all the genera, respectively revealing the azonal feature of the wetland vegetations and the influences of cold and wet climate on the formation and distribution of the vegetations.

维管束植物属有14个地理分布区类型，包括世界分布属42属、温带分布属55属、热带分布属30属、古地中海属2属、东亚分布属4属、中国特有分布属1属，其中世界分布属和温带分布属分别占区系维管束植物总属数的比例较高，分别为31.34%和41.04%反映了湿地植被的隐域性和冷湿气候对湿地植被发育、分布的影响。

This study reviewed literature on spawning times for three north temperate species of anguillid eels estimated by sampling for small leptocephali at sea and for several temperate and tropical species by back-calculating from putative daily ages derived from otolith increment analysis of glass eels that recruited to coastal waters.

本文通过研究了海里采集鳗鲡幼体总结出的三种北温带种类的鳗鲡的产卵时间，并且通过通过分析溯河洄游到淡水的鳗苗的耳石日龄倒推出的产卵时间，将二者进行比较研究。

The main provinces are the Boreal, which coves all of the north temperate; the Neotropical, covering tropical Central and South America; the Paleotropical, covering tropical Africa and Asia; the Australian; the Cape Province, covering a small area around the Cape of Good Hope; and the Antarctic, including New Zealand and temperate South America.

主要的植物区包括：泛北极植物区，覆盖了所有的北温带；新热带植物区，覆盖热带中部和南美洲；旧热带植物区，覆盖非洲热带和亚洲；澳洲植物区；好望角植物区，覆盖好望角周围的一个较小的区；南极植物区，包括新西兰和南美温带。

The north temperate, the pantropic, the East Asia, the cosmopolitan, the old world temperate and the East Asia and North America disjuncted distribution were main types of pesticide seed plants in Henan Province.

河南农药植物区系组成中，以北温带、泛热带、东亚分布、世界广布、旧世界温带分布、东亚和北美洲间断分布6种为主，植物区系中热带成分约为温带成分的3/5。

Pear is one of the most important temperate fruit crop that belongs to the Rosaceae family and Pomoideae sub-family and is one of the oldest fruit crops cultivated in temperate and sub-tropical regions of the world.

梨是继苹果之后世界第二大温带水果，它属于蔷薇科梨亚科植物，是世界上种植在温带和亚热带地区的最古老水果之一。

These pollen maps show significant vegetation changes during the past 10 000 years in the current forest regions of Northeast China, with the early Holocene characterized by the widely distributed Birch, the mid-Holocene by the development of temperate deciduous forest mainly consisting of Quercus and Ulmus, and the late Holocene by the marked increase in Pinus abun dance and the development of temperate mixed conifer and deciduous forest.

花粉图展示了东北地区植被演化的主要特征。桦树在全新世初期遍布从三江平原到辽东半岛南端的东北东部地区，在森林中占据绝对优势地位；榆属和栎属等阔叶乔木在早中全新世的大部分时间内是东部森林中的主要种类；在大约5kaBP以后，松属在东北现在的森林地区开始增加，云、冷杉属也表现出较明显扩大，中北部地区的森林覆盖度可能比原来增大了。

A carrier gas such as nitrogen is directed through line 20 and valve 22 to connect with line 26 and mix with the gas sample.

如氮气之类的载体通过管线20和阀22引入，与管线26相通，与气体样品混合。

But for the most part, knaves and parasites had the command of his fortune

然而支配他的家产的大多是恶棍和寄生虫。