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The findings show that previous innovation accruement exerts great influences on current technological innovation and that import trade significantly enhances China's technological innovation ability, with human capital threshold effect on high-level technological innovation. In addition, impacts of import trade on China's technological innovation have regional differentiation, gradually diminishing its impacts from eastern to western areas.

研究发现：过去的创新积累对当期的技术创新有重要影响；进口贸易对我国技术创新能力的提升有显著的促进作用，其中对高水平技术创新的影响存在人力资本"门槛"效应；此外，进口贸易对我国技术创新的影响存在区域差异性，即影响程度呈现出从东部地区向西部地区递减的现象。

The economic growth accounting of China's provinces between 1990 and 2004 finds some results like the following: no matter whether human capital was introduced or not, there were technological inefficiencies in most provinces'economic activity which were pure technological inefficiencies or scale technological inefficiencies; technological change, capital deepening and human capital accumulating all promoted labor productivity, but technological efficiency change played a negative role during these years as a whole; the descending order of provincial difference of labor productivities'changes brought out by each factor was technological change, capital deepening, technological efficiency change and human capital accumulating; each province's pure technological efficiency change or scale efficiency change not only had different size, but also different evolution route.

中国各省在1990～2004年间的经济增长核算结果表明：不论是否引入人力资本，大多数省份的经济活动都存在着技术无效率，这既包括纯技术无效率，也包括规模无效率；技术进步、资本深化和人力资本积累都促进了劳动生产率的提高，而技术效率的变化整体上来说在其中起阻碍作用；各因子引致的劳动生产率变化的省际差异从大到小依次为技术进步、资本深化、技术效率的变化和人力资本积累；各省的纯技术效率或规模效率的变化不仅大小不同，而且它们的演变路径也不一样。

This paper,through studying how technological knowledge characteristics(mainly including path dependence 、complexity、 variability、explicitness) influenced the technological innovation management,offers some feasible suggestions for technological innovation management of enterprises,to improve the efficiency of technological innovation managemen.

本文通过研究技术知识特性(主要包括技术知识的路径依赖性、复杂程度、变动程度、隐性和显性程度)对技术创新管理的影响，为企业的技术创新管理提供一些可行的建议，以提高技术创新管理的效率。

So, during the period of transformation acceleration, our focus on the change of the economic growth structure, the division of the scientific and technological resources factors and the complication of systematic environment of scientific and technological resources, our seeking for the macro-environment and realistic strong point of the scientific and technological development, our exploration of the intension of scientific and technological resource and the way of rational allocation, promotion of the scientific and technological progress and innovation in an all-round way, upgrade of the contributing power of science and technology to economic development, are very significant to dispel the uncertain factors of society transformation period effectively, form new norm of society reconstruction and ensure the steady transformation of society.

因此，在加速转型期，关注经济增长结构的变化，科技资源要素的分化以及科技资源系统环境的复杂化，寻求科技发展的宏观环境和现实支撑点，探索科技资源内涵及合理配置方式，全面促进科技进步与创新，提高科技对经济发展的贡献力，对于有效消除社会转型期的不确定因素，形成新的社会整合规范，保障社会的平稳过渡具有重要的意义。

Jointly develop ,produce with the key scientific research universities and colleges "baixing" and "Tendly" brand Hi-Tech new-type Origanum oil ( draw from the origanum vulgarel grass) betaine、garlicin、 organic copper、organic chromium、sodium dia-cetate、methionine copper、methionine iron、methionine zinc、methionine manganese etc. Series of products. Obtain the scientific and technological result first prize of Henan , The third-class scientific and technological progresses is rewarded ,advanced enterprise of Xiangcheng city scientific and technological , undertake the two scientific and technological brainstorm project of "the eighth five-Year Plan period provinces in dependently. Awarded to "outstanding private scientific and technological enterprise of Henna province" by the scientific and technological drawing room of henna province in 2001.With bear two of national" the Ninth five-Year Plan jointly by fodder by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, one shiwu scientific and technological brainstorm project.

与重点科研院校联合研制、生产"百兴""添德利"牌高科技最新型饲料添加剂：牛至油，甜菜碱、大蒜素、有机铜、有机铬、双乙酸钠、蛋氨酸铜、铁、锌、锰络合物等系列产品，分别获得河南省科技成果一等奖，科技进步三等奖，项城市科技先进企业，独立承担两项省"八五"科技攻关项目，2001年被河南省科技厅授予"河南省优秀民营科技企业"，同中国农科院饲料所联合承担两项国家"九五"，一项"十五"科技攻关项目。

For the needs of Guangdong"s practice and based on the previous researches, this paper studies the connotation of technological innovation policy. It considers the technological innovation policy as not only the institutional arrangement such as industrial policies, technological policies etc., but also includes the hylic arrangement such as capital, technologies and other public establishments. By studying on the results of investigation on the enterprises" technological innovations, it discusses the problems of Guangdong technological innovation policies and the causes of the problems.

本文正是基于这种现实，在总结前人研究成果的基础上，探讨了技术创新政策的内涵，认为技术创新政策不仅是产业政策、技术政策等制度性安排，还应包括资金、技术以及其他公共设施等方面的物质安排，并通过对广东工业企业技术创新实际情况调查结果的分析，探讨了广东工业企业技术创新政策中存在的主要问题及原因。

This paper started with discussion of innovation source, and found the contribution of industrial cluster for technological innovation. In succession, I made a simple depiction of some interrelated theory about industrial cluster technological innovation. Then, I pay more attention about introducing how the industrial cluster played the role of Hatcher, how the relationship between industrial cluster and technological innovation. After studying this, I abstract the model of the enterprises technological innovation in the industrial cluster. I found there were three kinds of model: one is Inner studying model, one is Exterior studying model, and the other is"Indraught- Diffusion- Absorbability"model.

本文开篇以探讨创新源入手，引出了产业集群对技术创新的贡献，接下来在简要的介绍了产业集群的技术创新理论之后，又重点论述了产业集群如何发挥其孵化器的功能、产业集群与技术创新的关联性等方面的问题，引出产业集群中的企业的技术创新模式，主要从集群内部学习型模式、外部学习模式、以及&引进——扩散——吸收&型模式来研究产业集群的创新模式，这些模式各有其优点，并且适用于不同类型的集群企业。

This thesis firstly analyzed related theories on independent innovation system of Private Scientific and Technological Enterprises; secondly described the status quo and developing trend of independent innovation of Private Scientific and Technological Enterprises in China; thirdly determined objectives and characteristics of independent innovation system of Private Scientific and Technological Enterprises, put forward three ways for independent innovation of Private Scientific and Technological Enterprises, they are direct way of wholly independent innovation, outflanking ways based on cooperation innovation and imitation innovation; fourthly made "structure-function" analysis for independent innovation system of Private Scientific and Technological Enterprises, clarify system operation mechanism; finally this thesis used the theory and method of System Dynamics modeling for independent innovation system of Private Scientific and Technological Enterprises.

论文首先对民营科技企业自主创新系统相关理论进行研究；接着描述了我国民营科技企业自主创新现状与发展趋势；然后确定了民营科技企业自主创新系统的目标、特点，将民营科技企业自主创新的实现途径分为完全自主创新的直接途径和基于合作创新和模仿创新的迂回途径；并对民营科技企业自主创新系统行&结构-功能&分析，阐明民营科技企业自主创新系统的运行机理；最后应用系统动力学的理论和方法对民营科技企业自主创新系统进行建模。

This paper focused enterprises make certain to choose which type of technological transformation by analyze industry cluster degree, which technological life cycle technology in, and market saturation degree, and then, with cooperating between the imputed one and outputted one, succeed on transfer the obvious and latent information, made some factors like Human resources, organization and technological base recombine to impulse technological level and learning capacity expand forward, and then this will make enterprises technology ability develops by this way: the first step is striped-down only with throughput, and the second is technology absorptive capacity, and the highest is innovate undependably.

论文经过分析认为，企业通过分析原有技术能力所处阶段、技术势差、产业集中程度、技术所处生命周期和市场饱和程度来确定采用何种方式进行技术转移，通过供需双方的合作，成功转移所需的显性知识和隐性知识，使得企业技术能力中的人力资源、组织、技术基础等因素中某一因素大幅度提高或四因素均衡发展，重组整合，推动企业的技术水平和技术学习能力不断向更高层次发展，从而使得企业技术能力从拥有简单生产能力的仿制阶段过渡到技术同化阶段，并最终发展到自主创新阶段。

Jointly develop ,produce with the key scientific research universities and colleges "baixing" and "Tendly" brand Hi-Tech new-type Origanum oil ( draw from the origanum vulgarel grass) betaine、garlicin、 organic copper、organic chromium、sodium dia-cetate、methionine copper、methionine iron、methionine zinc、methionine manganese etc. Series of products. Obtain the scientific and technological result first prize of Henan , The third-class scientific and technological progresses is rewarded ,advanced enterprise of Xiangcheng city scientific and technological , undertake the two scientific and technological brainstorm project of "the eighth five-Year Plan period provinces in dependently. Awarded to "outstanding private scientific and technological enterprise of Henna province" by the scientific and technological drawing room of henna province in 2001.With bear two of national" the Ninth five-Year Plan jointly by fodder by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, one shiwu scientific and technological brainstorm project.

与重点科研院校联合研制、生产&百兴&&添德利&牌高科技最新型饲料添加剂：牛至油，甜菜碱、大蒜素、有机铜、有机铬、双乙酸钠、蛋氨酸铜、铁、锌、锰络合物等系列产品，分别获得河南省科技成果一等奖，科技进步三等奖，项城市科技先进企业，独立承担两项省&八五&科技攻关项目，2001年被河南省科技厅授予&河南省优秀民营科技企业&，同中国农科院饲料所联合承担两项国家&九五&，一项&十五&科技攻关项目。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。