查询词典 teach by personal example as well as verbal instruction

The principal focus of research of modern instruction theory were: the subject of research of modern instruction; self-criticism and development of instruction theory; reflective teaching, research of medium-range instruction theory, and so on.

喻平当代教学论研究主题、教学论的检讨与发展、反思性教学、中程理论研究等是当代教学论研究的热点。

The conclusions of the study were as follows: 1 Prompts to self-explain promoted procedural learning, procedural near transfer, procedural far transfer. But prompts to self-explain didn"t promoted students" success on the conceptual assessment. 2 Direct instruction on a correct procedure and the cause lead to greater procedural learning, procedural near transfer, procedural far transfer than direct instruction on a correct procedure only. The difference was remarkable. But it didn"t promote students" success on the conceptual assessment. 3 Self-explanation promoted the invention and using of various correct procedures. The subjects, which under direct instruction on a correct procedure and the cause condition, made further use of correct procedures and more averagely. Both self-explanation and instruction of the cause strengthened correct procedures and weakened incorrect procedures.

通过实验一和实验二，研究得出如下结论： 1、问题解决中促进学习者自我解释，对程序的学习、程序的近迁移、程序的远迁移有促进作用，但对概念知识没有促进作用； 2、教授一个程序及原因与只教授一个程序相比，对程序的学习、程序的近迁移、程序的远迁移的促进作用，前者显著优于后者，但对概念知识没有促进作用； 3、自我解释促进了多种正确程序的发现和使用，教授一个程序及原因条件下的被试使用正确程序的种类增多而且使用频率平均化，自我解释和教授原因都抑制了错误程序的发现和使用。

Performance on perceptual organization index was more stable than verbal comprehension index and freedom from distractibility index. Stability of the non-verbal scales is better than that of the verbal scales of WISC-Ⅲ. Conclusion: The test-retest stability in the scores of WISC-Ⅲ was found to be reliable.

结果：(1)WISC-Ⅲ智商分数稳定性高，意即学龄孩童智商稳定性高，不同施测时问问隔与诊断类别并不会影响分数的稳定性；(2)WLSC-Ⅲ之知觉组织指数的稳定性较语文理解、专心注意指数高；(3)WLSC-Ⅲ非语文分测验之稳定度较语文分测验高。

As previous studies in this area have long emphasized more on the social levels of reporter-source interactions, this study, based on the literature of pragmatics, facework, and impoliteness, examined how the news reporters interact with their sources on a linguistic level trying to distinguish varied verbal strategies used by these two interactants in news reporting, such as exhorting, evasiveness, verbal threatening, and verbal attacking.

本研究改以语用学之言说行动、语境概念、礼貌原则以及社会心理学之面子、面子威胁等概念为基础，归纳出人际沟通由核心到外围的语言互动脉络，并依合作程度高低推演出记者与消息来源间之「合作性语言互动」与「非合作性语言互动」(non-cooperative verbal interaction)两种不同语言互动策略。

Development of the general selective attention parallels with the development of verbal mental age in DS children, while visual perception and shape discrimination are underdeveloping the verbal mental age. No difference is found in switching attention except error response of shape. DS children have worse performance in terms of sustained attention. Compare to verbal mental age, there is an uneven pattern of the development of attention.

2与词汇理解能力的发展水平相比，DS组儿童的一般选择性注意相对较好，但其视觉感知、形状辨别能力低于其词汇理解能力的发展；转移性注意和持续性注意也相对落后；注意力各组分与词汇理解能力发展不一致，处于不均衡状态。

Mr. Minter, it was a great edification since I heard your education belief:Teach our children to respect themselves as well as respect others;Teach our children to open their hearts and be responsible;Teach our children to be confidence and ready to go;Teach our children gain respect and understanding though the communications

在与您的交流中，您十分坦诚地表达了您的教育信仰，"让儿童们学会尊重自己的同时学会尊重他人；为自己的行为负责的同时敞开心扉；学会勇敢中塑造自信；学会理解中获得交流与尊重；学会合作中建构交流的平台……"，对我启发很大，也学到了很多。

Firstly, by means of the man'-free-and-overall-development theory of the Maxthium , the author analyzes the Personal Literary Creation and confirms its value and significance as follow:the first,the emergence of the Personal Literary Creation means the vanishment of the laberal alienation ,ie,the personal authors' writings are not only the make-a-living means but the spontaneous displays of the human wills;the second, the Personal Literary Creation confirms "everyone' free development is the condition of all the people's progress",the human-liberating ideals of Marxism,and realises the all-round respects and concerns of the literature to human' diversity and peculiarity. Secondly, standing at the point of the contemprory Chinese history, it is right the individually depressed history in China that makes the Personal Literary Creation as the historical nacessarity. The emergence of the Personal Liberory Creation makes up to the limitation of the traditional public and representitive writing, and makes a great progress to diversifying the multi-cultural pattern in 90's of the last century, expanding the literatural domain, and displaying the complicated human natures.

本文首先运用马克思关于人全面自由发展的理论对私人化写作进行分析和观照，肯定其存在的价值和意义：一是私人化写作的到来意味着劳动异化的消除，作家的创作活动成为生命意志的自由表现，由手段上升为目的本身二是吻合了马克思人类解放的理想"每个人的自由发展是一切人自由发展的条件"实现了文学对人的丰富性、多样性、独特性的全面关怀与尊重；其次立足于当代中国的历史语境，它的出现弥补了一直以来公共化、代言式写作独占文坛的局限，在丰富九十年代的多元文化格局，拓展文学探索和表现丰富复杂的人性深度方面是一个很大的进步。

Pragmatic presupposition determines the choice of information focus and its position in a sentence,organizes the discourse into a coherent whole,concise,clear and smooth,and achieves the expected stylistic effects.in college english teaching,if teachers teach the knowledge about pragmatic presupposition in listening teaching,introduce the frequently-seen patterns of presupposition, increase the presuppositional sensitivity of students to certain words and structures,guide students to use the theory on presuppositional information to make forecasts on base of written listening material,listen purposefully,and get rid of the distraction of the minor and redundant information,the ability of students to obtain major information and linguistic inference will be strengthened and their listening competence will improve remarkably.george yule divided presuppositional triggers into factive presupposition,non-factive presupposition,counter-factive presupposition,existential presupposition,lexical presupposition and structural presupposition.presuppositional triggers are helpful for us to understand the true intention of the speaker or writer.in college english reading teaching,if teachers introduce the discourse organizing function of pragmatic presupposition and the relevant presupposition triggers,and teach students to use these triggers to communicate with the writer,the comprehension competence of students will be greatly enhanced.the essential function of presupposition is to build a framework for the further development of discourse.in college english writing teaching,teachers can use the theory on pragmatic presupposition to construct a handy training program for textual organization,increase the textual coherence, economy and structural perfection of the english writings by students.in college english translation teaching,teachers should focus on developing the pragmatic presuppositional thinking of students,enable them to grasp the presupposed information in source text / speech exactly,understand the original thoroughly,correctly reorganize and reproduce the pragmatic presuppositions in the target language,carry out the functional equivalence in translation and successfully realize the smooth and accurate communication.with the instruction of pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,the complete understanding and integral acquisition of english and chinese of students will come true.in conclusion,to implement the curriculum requirements for college english teaching promulgated by the ministry of education of china,we should emphasize the instruction of the theory on pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,carry it through from beginning to end.it's one of the important means to realize the college english teaching reform, improve the effects of college english teaching,strengthenr the practical and integrative language abilities of students,in order to cultivate the compound talents to adapt to the global integration and meet the requirements of the reform and opening in china.

在大学英语教学中，教师将语用预设知识贯穿于听力教学过程中，讲授一些常出现的预设类型，提高学生对一些特定的词语和结构的预设敏感度，引导学生运用预设信息理论对听力文字材料进行预测，有的放矢，排除次要、冗余信息的干扰，增强获取主要信息的能力和语言推理能力，从而提。。。更多高学生的听力理解水平。george yule将预设触发语分为事实预设、非事实预设、反事实预设、存在预设、词汇预设和结构预设，触发语有助于我们在阅读当中理解作者的真正用意。在大学英语阅读教学中，介绍语用预设的语篇组织功能和有关的预设触发语，并利用触发语来与作者进行交流，会极大地提高阅读理解能力。预设的基本功能就是为语篇的进一步发展建立一个框架。利用语用预设理论可以为大学英语写作教学构建一个易于操作的篇章组织训练方法，提高学生英语写作的语篇连贯性，经济性和结构优化。在大学英语翻译教学中，注重培养学生的语用预设思维，准确把握源语的前提信息，透彻理解原文，使语用预设在目的语中正确重组和再现，实现翻译的功能对等，交际的流畅性和准确性，并增强学生对英汉双语的全面性认识和整体性习得。综上所述，为更好地贯彻和实施教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》，在大学英语教学中重视语用预设理论的传授，使语用预设贯穿于大学英语教学的始终，是实现大学英语教学改革的重要手段，改善大学英语教学效果，增强学生的实用综合语言能力，培养符合全球一体化趋势，适应改革开放要求的复合型人才。

Since the above six are self-sufficient man likes to do the job, and the pursuit of self-worth, feel self-care, personal space, respect for another's privacy, pay attention to personal style and taste, do not follow the crowd, there is awareness of the law of "80 After "will consciously dislike these acts: for example, talk to others for no reason," 80 after the "more agreeable to the West are more concerned about the self-opinion, very few non-Road, concerned about others; such as, enjoy preaching others," 80后" from an early age from schools, parents, etc. too much preaching, preaching and therefore acts very much, resulting in antagonistic, their attention; For instance, to belittle the advantages of others,"80 after" consider embodies self-worth is not to derogate others premise, the more The more derogatory of others to explain their value enough, are their attractions; For instance, smoking in the office,"after 80" would be a focus on self and respect for others the organic integration of generation, because these two are not always contradictory, if that "after 80" only know that take care of their own convenience, on the wrong; such as, the mentality of not enough sunlight,"80后" feel self-care, therefore, delighted to do anything on an individual basis or as a premise, we think that good , but their psychological upset, does not endorse, they will not act in accordance with the meaning of the U.S., the ultimate manifestation of personal values on the individual feel, are their characteristics; For instance, loud make personal phone calls,"80, after" personal space, respect for others Privacy, therefore, in a public office area will be less and less to see the "80 after" unscrupulous people talking about the workplace their own affairs, the concept of privacy, especially popular in this generation will be reflected in the workplace in the past.

因为，上述6条都是不够自我的职场中人喜欢做的，而追求自我价值、在乎自我感受、重视个人空间、尊重他人隐私、讲究个人风格与品味、不随波逐流、有法律意识的"80后"会自觉地不喜欢这些行为：比如，无端议论他人，"80后"比较认同西方人较为关注自我的观点，很少道人是非，关注别人的事；比如，喜欢说教别人，"80后"从小受到来自学校、家长等的太多说教，因此对说教行为很反感，从而产生逆反，自己注意；比如，贬低别人优势，"80后"认为体现自我价值不是以贬损别人为前提的，越贬损别人越说明自己的价值不够，是他们的过人之处；比如，在办公区吸烟，"80后"将是注重自我和尊重别人有机结合的一代，因为这两者始终不矛盾，如果认为"80后"只知道照顾自己的方便，就大错特错了；比如，心态不够阳光，"80后"在乎自我感受，因此，任何事情是以个人高兴与否作为前提的，大家觉得好，但自己心理不高兴、不认可，便不会根据大家的意思行事，个人价值最终体现在个人感受上，是他们的特点；比如，大声打私人电话，"80后"重视个人空间、尊重他人隐私，因此，在公共办公区将越来越少地看到"80后"职场人肆无忌惮地谈论自己的事情，隐私的概念在这一代特别流行，将会体现到职场中来。

And his aides claim America's quiet diplomacy is making progress in obtaining the Sino-us relationship Trade follows the flag Shuttle diplomacy A remarkable performance in shuttle diplomacy by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger brought about a cease-fire and a disengagement accord that was widely hailed as a major American diplomatic achievement Semiofficial diplomacy Track Two diplomacy People-to-people diplomacy Personal diplomacy National diplomacy Baseball diplomacy Cricket diplomacy Kid-glove diplomacy Children diplomacy Football/ soccer diplomacy Go diplomacy Petrol diplomacy Ping-pang diplomacy Sports diplomacy Wrestling diplomacy Non-governmental diplomacy Crisis diplomacy Some formal diplomatic terms Roving ambassador Ambassador without destination Envoy Cultural ambassador Special diplomatic envoy Emissary Legate Minister High commissioner Counsellor Military attache Naval attache Air attache Equerry Follower Diplomatic corps mission military advisory group Military mission Legation sever diplomatic relations boycott close breach resume trade relations national treatment Extraterritoriality Consular jurisdiction Privileges Note Verbal note speaking notes/talking points non paper exchange of notes Credentials Letter of recall raising status Debase mandatory administration Dominion Pourparlers Approach offer Good offices Denial of justice secret clauses Verbal agreement Text of treaty treaty of amity and commerce

和他的助手声称美国的静悄悄的外交正在取得进展，中美关系贸易如下国旗穿梭外交显著业绩的穿梭外交的美国国务卿基辛格带来了停火和脱离接触协议，被广泛誉为美国的主要外交成就半官方外交第二轨道外交人民外交个人外交国家外交棒球外交板球外交陈文杰手套外交儿童外交足球/足球外交转到外交石油外交乒乓外交体育外交摔跤外交非政府外交外交危机一些正式的外交条款巡回大使没有目的地大使特使文化大使特别外交特使使者特使部长高级专员参赞武官海军武官空军武官 Equerry 从动外交使团使命军事谘询小组军事任务公馆断绝外交关系抵制密切违约恢复贸易关系国民待遇治外法权领事裁判权特权注意：全权证书信中回顾提高地位贬低行政强制明 Pourparlers 提供方法斡旋拒绝司法秘密条款口头协议条约文本友好条约和商业普通照会发言指出/谈话要点非纸换文

But this is impossible, as long as it is engaging in a market economy, there are risks in any operation.

但是，这是不可能的，只要是搞市场经济，是有风险的任何行动。

We're on the same wavelength.

我们是同道中人。