查询词典 tactile anesthesia

The tactile directional map is similar to regular directional maps in function. Yet, due to the fact that it requires specified Braille explanation and larger tactile elements, the information density on the tactile directional map is relatively lower. Consequently, a tactile directional map is normally not as delicate and not as comprehensive as a regular directional map. The purpose of this study is to examine the appropriate size of various elements on the tactile directional map and to develop a set of design principles in order to create one that better meets the need. It first explores the way the visually impaired use the tactile directional map and inquires about their views and suggestions.

一般导引地图上有指示性图示，超越文字的藩篱，能让大多数人能理解，且可简化版面的设计；然而触觉地图虽与一般地图相类似，但增加了点字说明和一些触觉元素，可是却鲜少有图像，这是由於点字和一些触觉元素的特性使然，因而使得触觉导引地图上的资讯密度相对较低，造成触觉导引地图缺乏像明眼人导引地图一样地设计完善，也没解释这麽清楚、更缺少图像化的设计，若是维持和一般导引地图相同的资讯密度，则触摸导引地图的面积会过大，超出了一般人手部可触及的范围，造成了视障者触读的不便，这都会使得资讯残缺及迷失，甚而产生一些不可知的危险状况。

According to three compared experiments, which are using simple tactile guide, with visual guide and with tactile board, we conclude that the simulated phosphene positioning system with tactile board is accurate (the mean error is less than 10mm) and reproducible (the standard deviation is less than 6mm) in evaluating simulated phosphene.

如此循环往复，在经过简单触觉导航、加入视觉导航和具有触摸板导航的三个对照性实验后，我们得出具有触摸板导航的模拟光幻视定位系统能够精确(平均误差小于10mm)且稳定(标准差小于6mm)的对模拟光幻视点进行定位。

Results After a primarily operating period,it is showed that a anesthesia quality control system based on anesthesia information management can promote anesthesia quality control,improve quality management of both anesthesia department and hospital,and alleviate anesthetist's daily work intensity in some degree.

结果 经过为期10月余的建设和调试，麻醉信息管理和质量控制初步运行显示：麻醉信息管理和质量控制的应用系统促进了麻醉质量管理，并在一定程度上减轻了麻醉医生的工作风险；尚存在有待改进之处。

Furthermore, in order to prevent too deep anesthesia and respiratory inhibition, leading to cerebral hypoxia, anesthesia doctor will closely monitor and continuously adjust the depth of anesthesia and in line with the oxygen of patients with the depth of anesthesia was maintained at both surgery and not to cause damage to the level of cerebral anoxia.

再者，为了防止手术麻醉过深而抑制呼吸，导致脑缺氧，麻醉科医生都会严密监测，不断调节麻醉深度，并配合吸氧，而使患者的麻醉深度始终维持在既有利于手术，又不造成脑缺氧损害的水平。

METHODS: We measured levels of blood hydroperoxides as an indexof oxidative injury of cellular components, as well as plasmaferric-reducing ability as an index of total antioxidant potential,during sigmoidectomy under four conditions: open sigmoidectomywith sevoflurane anesthesia, laparoscopic sigmoidectomy withsevoflurane anesthesia, open sigmoidectomy with propofol anesthesia,and laparoscopic sigmoidectomy with propofol anesthesia.

在四种不同麻醉方法下乙状结肠切除术中，测定血液中的过氧化氢水平作为细胞氧化损伤的指标，以及血浆铁还原能力作为总抗氧化潜力的指标：七氟醚麻醉开腹乙状结肠切除术，七氟醚麻醉腹腔镜下乙状结肠切除术，异丙酚麻醉开腹乙状结肠切除术，异丙酚麻醉腹腔镜下乙状结肠切除术。

.to record the bp and hr15,30,45,60min in both groups.bp,hr were higher during anesthesia than before anesthesia significantly in control group;bp,hr were lower during anesthesia than before anesthesia significantly in observation group.discussion remifentail take from the bp,hr effectively during operation,reduce the blooding,ensure the operative field clean and maintain the hemodynamics tranquilization,so as to the operation go with a swing.

。观察记录手术前及手术开始后5，15，30，45min时患者收缩压及心率。与麻醉前比较，对照组患者麻醉期间收缩压及心率均明显升高，而观察组患者均显著下降，两者间差异有统计学意义。［结论］瑞芬太尼可有效地降低手术期间患者的血压及心率，减少手术视野出血，保持血液动力学指标稳定。

Anesthesis was performed by interscalene brachial plexus block.the onset and duration of analgesia,the level of block as well as adverse effects were recorded.hr and map were measured before anesthesia,5,10,30 and 60 minates after anesthesia.results:the onset time of block was significantly shorter and shivering was significantly lower in groups two and three as compared with group one.there was significant difference in the duration of anesthesia between group two and group three.

肌间沟法行臂丛神经阻滞，观察阻滞起效时间及持续时间、神经阻滞节断数、术中镇痛质量、不良反应以及注药前、注药后5、10、30、60分时心率和平均动脉压。结果：二、三组麻醉起效时间短于一组（p＜0.05）；麻醉持续时间二、三组长于一组但差异无显著性；二、三组组间比较差异有显著性；各组阻滞节断数、术中牵涉痛发生率、hr及map差异无显著性；一组寒战发生率高于二、三组（p＜0.05）。

Undergoing elective surgery were randomly divided intothree groups acˉcording to the method of the induction of general anesthesia,i.e GroupⅠ（n=13）:intravenous induction:midazolam0.03mg/kg,fentanyl3μg/kg ,etomidate0.3mg/kg,vecuronium1mg and succinylcholine1.5mg/kg;GroupⅡ（n=13）:orolaryngeal lignocaine spray combined with intravenous induction,lignocaine administered just before the inducˉtion of anesthesia;GroupⅢ（n=13）:epidural block combined with general anesthesia,2%lignocaine3ml adminˉistered via epidural catheter before the induction.

组Ⅰ为单纯经静脉全麻诱导组，麻醉用药为咪唑安定0.03mg/kg、芬太尼3μg/kg 、依托咪酯0.3mg/kg、维库溴铵1mg和琥珀胆碱1.5mg/kg；组Ⅱ为诱导即刻咽喉部喷雾表麻加经静脉全麻诱导组；组Ⅲ为硬膜外阻滞加经静脉全麻诱导组。

objective to investigate the paregoric effects of butorphanol when the errhysis occurs inside the epidural catheter during continuous epidural anesthesia.methods 60 cases of kidney stones received elective surgery.during this surgery they underwent continuous epidural anesthesia and eight cases of them showed the errhysis in the epidural catheter.then epidural injection of butorphanol was given for analgesia and hr,map,spo2 as well as muscle relaxation conditions were monitored before and 5,10,20 min after injection.the conscious and breathing of patients were also monitored.results before and 5,10,20 min after injection of butorphanol,hr and map difference were not statistically significant.the analgesic results were satisfactory.conclusion butorphanol has a definite analgesic effect when the errhysis occurs in epidural catheter during continuous epidural anesthesia.

目的 探讨在连续硬膜外麻醉中，硬膜外导管内渗血时，应用布托啡诺镇痛的效果。方法择期行肾结石手术患者60例，行连续硬膜外麻醉，其中8例硬膜外导管内渗血，均经硬膜外腔注入布托啡诺镇痛，分别监测注入前及注入后5 、10 、20 min，hr、map、spo2及肌肉松驰情况，同时监测患者神志及呼吸情况。结果注射布托啡诺前及注射后5、10、20 min，hr、map差异无统计学意义，镇痛效果满意。结论在连续硬膜外麻醉中硬膜外导管渗血时，注入布托啡诺维持麻醉镇痛效果明确。

And local anesthesia technology improvement: use cotton surface anesthesia first before use surface anaesthetic and advance nasal spray anesthesia astringent, in order to reduce cotton piece table linen of pain, While cotton piece table linen as far as possible when fully contact each all gaps.

局部麻醉技术的改善：使用棉片表面麻醉前应先用表面麻醉剂及收敛剂先行鼻腔喷雾麻醉，以减少棉片表麻时的疼痛感；同时棉片表麻时每次尽量全面接触鼻腔内所有缝隙。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48