查询词典 synthesis method

This article, through summarizing the progresses in the evapotranspiration (ET0) methods research, analyzes representative ET0 computation methods emphasized on three periods of the world: modificative Penman, Penman-Monteith and standard ASCE-PM. We take 20th century 90's last stages and 21th century initial period's world newest 19 experimental achievements with lysimeter's actual value rating ET0 value as the foundations, analyzing general usage of the ET0 computational method regarding the different climatic conditions. Although the effect of PM method application is desirable in many areas, many local effects are still unsatisfactory; the method MP and so on are more suitable in part of areas; the PM and MP method are not popular, the special attention must be paid to the standard ASCE-PM method. In brief, these kinds of half theory (semi-empirical) methods only suit in certain areas.

通过对ET0计算公式研究进展的总结，分析了在世界上三个时期比较有代表性的计算蒸发腾发量(ET0)的主要公式：修正Penman公式、Penman-Monteith公式及标准ASCE-PM公式；以20世纪90年代末期和21世纪初期世界上最新的19个用Lysimeter实验值率定ET0计算值的实验成果为基础，对于不同气候条件下ET0计算方法的普适性分析评估认为：虽PM公式应用效果较好的地区较多，但也有不少地区效果欠佳，MP等公式在一部分地区较好，PM与MP公式并非普适性的，要特别关注标准ASCE-PM公式，总之，这类半理论公式均有一定的地区性。

The Winklhofer method is an exact method.But Winklhofer method cannot calculate centerdistance of a roller chain drive whose length of chain is an odd number of chain pitches.Involute function method is anapproximative method.

W ink lhofer方法是准确的计算方法，但只能用于链条总长是链节的偶数倍时的链传动，而渐开线法是近似法，不能精确地计算链传动中心距；而二分法是一种数值法，它可精确地计算链传动中心距，并且适用于链条总长是任意值的链传动，可计算出链传动中心距最大值和最小值。

In accordance with these questions, one kind of method solving these issues was put forward in this text, and namely adopting mathematics to build the method of pattern, by w-ay of studying the big needle drum system of PASSIM's cigarette machine, to use the mathematical model of big needle drum system of " black box " method establishment, and uses whole parameter and the correlation coefficient to map out the big needle drum system mathematical model of least square method, the question time lapse that what in accordance with the system exists pure adopts Smith compensator to estimate the compensator in advance solving the issue of system lag, and uses whole fixed method of frequency conversion control engineering and PLC's control engineering and PID etc to put into effect transforming to the system, and finally by way of theory verify and reality to verify to prove the success of system transformation.

针对这些问题，本文提出了一种解决这些问题的办法，即采用数学建模的方法，通过研究PASSIM卷烟机大针鼓系统，利用"黑匣子"方法建立大针鼓系统的数学模型，并运用最小二乘法整定出大针鼓系统数学模型的参数及相关系数，针对系统存在的纯时滞问题，采用史密斯预估计补偿器来解决系统滞后的问题，并利用变频控制技术和PLC控制技术、PID参数整定方法等对系统实施改造，最后通过理论验证和实际验证证明了系统改造的成功。

In the numerical computation, a two-dimensional numerical method integrating finite element method and difference method was employed, where the finite element method is used to calculate the magnetic field of the permanent magnetic guideway and the difference method is used to calculate the induced current in the superconductor, then the levitation force and the lateral force were calculated by Lorentz formula.

在数值计算部分，实现了一种集有限元法与差分法为一体的数值计算方法。

Integrating C-type of traveling wave location method with AC signal injection method, a compositive location method for single-phase earth fault in 35kV distribution network is proposed, in which firstly the fault is presumedly located by C-type of traveling wave location method to preliminarily determine the position where fault occurs; then the fault is accurately located by AC signal injection method.

基于C型行波法和交流信号注入法提出35 kV配电网单相接地故障的综合定位方法：首先采用C型行波法进行初步定位，确定故障距离和故障所在区段，然后用交流信号注入法进行精确定位。

This modeling method is discussed from three aspects as follows. Firstly, on enterprise model framework, enterprise model expressed by this modeling method is more particular than other, since there are the views of product process and relation in it. Secondly, in this modeling method, the modeling process that the process model of products is created first of all and other models are created according as it is presented. Using this method, enterprise model is clear and consistent. Thirdly, on the representation of views, the traditional method of IDEF is appreciably improved.

论文从三个方面对此建模方法进行了阐述：1，企业模型框架方面，基于产品过程模型的集成化企业建模方法中的模型框架包含了产品过程视图和联系视图，因而它表达的企业模型更为丰富、详细；2，企业建模过程方面，提出了首先建立企业产品过程模型、再以此为核心建立其它模型的建模过程，这样建立的企业模型主次分明，各视图之间有机统一、协调一致：3，模型视图的描述方法方面，对传统的IDEFIntegrated Computer—Aided Manufacturing(ICAM DEFinition模型表达方法提出了一些改进建议。

Until recently, the convergence of the Rosen"s arithmetic has been proved. The projection gradient method is the generalization of Steepest decent method to constraint problem. So it does have a faster convergence speed that the fastest decent method . To solve the problem, many researchers have generalizat the well-developed optimization with unconstraint to the Rosen"s gradient method. The conjugate gradient method is one of success to solve the problem.

投影梯度法是最速下降法对约束问题的推广，因此没有较快的收敛速度，为了解决这个问题很多中外学者把发展得比较成熟的无约束最优化算法作类似的推广，其中共轭梯度方法是近年发展的很成熟的方法，它具有计算简单，算法结构好，计算量少，具有良好的收敛性等优点，而Rosen投影梯度法的提出使寻找下降方向变得简单。

Meshless method is a kind of method with good prospection, it can deal with many problems which can not be resolved by traditional method (finite element method, finite difference method).

无网格法是一种前景广阔的方法，能够解决许多其他传统方法（如有限元方法、有限差分法等）所不能解决的问题。

In the first paper,we survey the history of direct search method, and discuss fourdirect methods respectively,which are simplex method, pattern search method, linesearch method and quadratic interpolation model method.

对单纯形法、模式搜索法、线性搜索法、二次插植模型法这四类主要的直接搜索方法的主要思想、算法的起源、发展状况及其特点分别作了介绍。

Ha, I hear somebody to scold me, I also know, this method is the person knows, and fabulous group of hair can be punished by Baidu, everybody is in certainly shake one's head say this method true rubbish, but I still should continue to say, because I am done with this method really, and I was not punished by Baidu, when I use this method, be 7 years will divide in September, and my station is punished by Baidu, be in 8 years in January, I just am punished after Baidu spends a few months impossibly, of course, I do not know what condition now, dare not speak carelessly so, I announce what how I do at that time to everybody to look only, have those who be willing to do is OK go trying, recreant, content need not be used below looked, the method that waits for me to write the 4th part to introduce more powerful get sth done once and for ever looks again.

哈哈，我听到有人骂我了，我也知道，这个方法是人都知道，而且传说群发会被百度惩罚的，大家一定都在摇头说"这个方法真垃圾"，但我还是要继续说下去，因为我确实是用这个方法做的，而且我没有被百度惩罚，我用这个方法的时候是07年的9月分，而我的站被百度惩罚，是在08年的1月，百度不可能过几个月以后才惩罚我吧，当然了，现在什么情况我不知道，所以不敢乱说，我只把我当时如何做的公布给大家看，有愿意做的可以去试试，胆小的，下面内容可以不用看了，等我写第四部分介绍更强大的一劳永逸的方法再来看吧。

Nowadays, most of research are to build a transmutative Petri Nets through adding controlling place sets, controlling arc sets and controlling policy to the basic Petri Nets, while the Controlled Petri Nets could be used to argue many controlling theory problems conveniently and to induce many logically and physically supervisory and solve the Event Feedback Controlling Problems and State Feedback Controlling Problem in DEDS supervisory theory.

目前大多数的研究表现为在变形后的受控Petri网基础上，利用各种方法求得各种逻辑型、结构型控制器，解决DEDS监控理论中的事件反馈控制问题与状态反馈控制问题。

On one hand, there are discussions with the works council and union about extension of short time working up to the end of September.

一方面，有讨论，工程理事会和联盟关于延长工作时间短至9月底。