查询词典 surrogate

The problems caused by using parameter assimilable organic carbon as a surrogate indicator for the biological stability of drinking water were discussed combined with the appearance of microbial regrowth inside the drinking water distribution lines.

结合给水管网中饮用水微生物再生长现象，分析了AOC作为反映饮用水生物稳定性的替代参数所存在的问题。

Surrogate IR measures have modest performance at the 76th centile, with no threshold effects.

IR的替代测量在第76个十分位数时有较低的效力，没有临界作用。

Different centile thresholds might be selected to optimize sensitivity versus specificity for DM versus CVD prediction if surrogate IR measures are used for risk prediction

如果IR替代测量用于风险预测，则可选出十分位数临界值上的差异，以优化用于预测DM vs CVD的敏感性vs特异性。

The posterior cingulated gyrus of patients with Alzheimers disease is impaired and the extent of damage should has a strong correlation with rCMRglc. The selective impairment might reflect the cortico-cortical and cortico-subcortical disconnections in the pathomechanism of Alzheimer's disease. DTI technique should be used to monitor the disease progression and as a surrogate marker for evaluation of drug efficacy in vivo.

AD患者表现为扣带回后部各向异性损害，且损害程度与葡萄糖代谢率呈负相关；这种损害反应了AD病理机制中皮质－皮质及皮质－皮质下联系的丢失；扣带回后部FA、MD值可以用来监测疾病的进展情况及评价AD治疗药物的临床疗效。

Based on international and national risk management theory and application results as well as characteristics of complex systems, hierarchical holographic modeling, monte carlo simulation, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, surrogate worth trade-off method and multiobjective risk impact analysis are exploringly and methodologically introduced into risk management research of complex systems for exploring the extent and depth of theory and application about this field, and increasing their possibilities.

本文基于国内外风险管理理论和应用研究的已有成果，针对复杂系统管理的特点，从方法论的角度，将等级全息建模法、蒙特卡罗仿真模拟、模糊综合评价法、替代值多目标权衡分析以及多目标风险影响分析法探索式地引入到复杂系统的风险管理研究中，为拓展该领域理论和应用的广度及深度增强了更具实现的可能性，为跨学科的系统风险管理实践提供了有力的支撑。

Our results demonstrate that (1) the lipogenic tumor markers CDK4 and MDM2 can be used as surrogate immunohistochemical markers for the diagnosis of malignant lipomatous tumors with high sensitivity;(2) approximately 26% of retroperitoneal/thigh UHGPS cases that were positive for PPAR-γ, CDK4, or MDM2 by immunohistochemistry showed characteristic CDK4 and MDM2 gene amplification, suggesting that a subset of UHGPS cases represent DDL despite lacking histologic evidence of lipoblasts.

我们的结果表明：（1）脂肪源性肿瘤标记CDK4和MDM2可以作为诊断恶性脂肪肿瘤的免疫标记物，且敏感性高；（2）腹膜后/大腿UHGPS免疫表达PPAR-γ， CDK4或MDM2的病例中，约有26%例显示特征性的CDK4和MDM2基因扩增，这表明部分UHGPS病例表现为DDL，虽然组织学上找不到脂母细胞。

According to the survey results of assessment field along the Tongling-Tangkou highway and relevant historic information,taking Muntiacus crinifrons as a surrogate species ,the impact of draft project on endangered wildlife is analyzed.

根据对铜陵至汤口公路评价区野外调查的结果，综合相关历史资料，以黑麂为&代理种&，分析拟建项目对珍稀濒危野生动物的影响程度。

These fell into three categories: opportunities to listen and respond to family; opportunities to acknowledge and address emotions; and opportunities to pursue key principles of medical ethics and palliative care, including exploration of patient preferences, explanation of surrogate decision making, and affirmation of nonabandonment.

可以分为3类：①倾听与回应家属的时机；②承认和表态的时机；③遵循主要的医学伦理和降低护理级别（包括探讨病人的参数、改变决定的解释、肯定不放弃）原则的时机。

According to nonlinear characters difference between sea clutter and small targets, targets detection method of nonextensive model is improved, targets detection methods based on surrogate data and spatial fractal character difference are proposed.

根据海杂波和弱小目标数据的非线性特征差异，改进了非广延模型的目标检测算法，提出了基于替代数据和空间分形特征差异的目标检测方法。

The application of nonextensive distribution model for sea clutter modeling and small targets detecting is improved. Surrogate data method is used to analyze nonlinear character of sea clutter.

本文分析了海杂波在统计模型建模后运用最大似然比检测准则下，很难检测出弱小目标的缺陷，改进了非广延分布模型在海杂波建模和弱小目标检测领域的应用。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。